A Novel HDL-Mimetic Peptide HM-10/10 Protects RPE and Photoreceptors in Murine Models of Retinal Degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the developed world. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a critical site of pathology in AMD. Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of AMD. We generated a chimeric high-density lipoprotein (HDL), mimetic peptide named HM-10/10, with anti-oxidant properties and investigated its potential for the treatment of retinal disease using cell culture and animal models of RPE and photoreceptor (PR) degeneration. Treatment with HM-10/10 peptide prevented human fetal RPE cell death caused by tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBH)-induced oxidative stress and sodium iodate (NaIO3), which causes RPE atrophy and is a model of geographic atrophy in mice. We also show that HM-10/10 peptide ameliorated photoreceptor cell death and significantly improved retinal function in a mouse model of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced PR degeneration. Our results demonstrate that HM-10/10 protects RPE and retina from oxidant injury and can serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of retinal degeneration

Protective roles of ginseng against bacterial infection

Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a well-known traditional herbal medicine that plays a protective role against microbial attack. Several studies have revealed its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory effects. Ginseng contains several components that vary according to the year of cultivation and the processing method used, such as heating, drying, and steaming, which induce different degrees of pharmacological activities. This review discusses the antibacterial effects of ginseng against pathogenic bacterial infections. We describe how ginseng regulates pathogenic factors that are harmful to the host and discuss the therapeutic potential of ginseng as a natural antibacterial drug to combat bacterial infectious disease, which is a global public health challenge. The components of ginseng could be novel alternatives to solve the growing problem of antibiotic resistance and toxicity

Pre-storage Exogenous Application of Hydrogen Sulphide Reduces Sugar spot, Decay loss and Preserves Quality of Banana Fruit

This research focuses on effect of hydrogen sulphide treatment (control, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mM) during ambient storage on sugar spot, decay loss and postharvest quality of banana fruit. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) treated fruit were stored at ambient conditions (25±2ºC and 60–65% of relative humidity) up to 9 days. In general, H2S treatment maintained higher values of lightness, peel firmness, reduce the respiration rate and ethylene evolution rate and extended shelf life of stored fruit by delaying progression of ripening. Moreover, H2S (1.0 mM) was found significantly better over other treatments in reducing sugar spot or peel browning spot and maintaining the desirable overall postharvest traits of the fruit. The findings indicated that H2S has a great potential for pre-storage application to preserve quality, reduce sugar spot and postharvest decay loss, possibly through the delayed onset of senescence, without any adverse effects on fruit quality

Pre-storage Exogenous Application of Hydrogen Sulphide Reduces Sugar spot, Decay loss and Preserves Quality of Banana Fruit

651-657This research focuses on effect of hydrogen sulphide treatment (control, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mM) during ambient storage on sugar spot, decay loss and postharvest quality of banana fruit. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) treated fruit were stored at ambient conditions (25±2ºC and 60–65% of relative humidity) up to 9 days. In general, H2S treatment maintained higher values of lightness, peel firmness, reduce the respiration rate and ethylene evolution rate and extended shelf life of stored fruit by delaying progression of ripening. Moreover, H2S (1.0 mM) was found significantly better over other treatments in reducing sugar spot or peel browning spot and maintaining the desirable overall postharvest traits of the fruit. The findings indicated that H2S has a great potential for pre-storage application to preserve quality, reduce sugar spot and postharvest decay loss, possibly through the delayed onset of senescence, without any adverse effects on fruit quality

A survey of intrusion detection techniques in Cloud

Cloud computing provides scalable, virtualized on-demand services to the end users with greater flexibility and lesser infrastructural investment. These services are provided over the Internet using known networking protocols, standards and formats under the supervision of different managements. Existing bugs and vulnerabilities in underlying technologies and legacy protocols tend to open doors for intrusion. This paper, surveys different intrusions affecting availability, confidentiality and integrity of Cloud resources and services. It examines proposals incorporating Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) in Cloud and discusses various types and techniques of IDS and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS), and recommends IDS/IPS positioning in Cloud architecture to achieve desired security in the next generation networks

The Establishment of Charter Schools: A Guide to Legal Issues for Legislatures

El ritmo de vida de las personas en la actualidad se ha acelerado a tal punto que no cuentan con el tiempo necesario para realizar actividades esenciales. Destacando principalmente la función de cocinar, la cual resulta extenuante debido al engorroso proceso que implica llevarla a cabo. El proceso comprende el traslado al lugar de compra, la búsqueda de los insumos, la selección de los insumos, las largas colas para pagar, el lavado de los insumos así como el picado de los mismos, entre otras. Por ende, se propone una solución alternativa a este problema, la cual consiste en el delivery a través de la venta online de boxes con insumos frescos sin cocinar picados y en las cantidades exactas de diversos platillos criollos.The rhythm of life of the persons at present has hastened to such a point that they do not count with the necessary time to realize essential activities. Emphasizing principally the function to cook, which turns out to be exhausting due to the bothersome process that implies carrying out it. The process comprises the transfer to the place of buy, the search of the inputs, the selection of the inputs, the long tails to pay, the wash of the inputs as well as stung of the same ones, between others. Therefore, an alternative solution to this problem is proposed, which consists of the delivery through the online sale of boxes with fresh uncooked inputs chopped and the exact quantities of various Creole dishes. This paper seeks to determine the financial viability of the project in question in order to validate the possibility of implementing it in a real-world scenario.Trabajo de investigació

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Apixaban Versus Edoxaban in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation for Stroke Prevention

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the cost effectiveness of apixaban versus edoxaban in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism (SE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Spain. METHODS: We customized a Markov model with ten health states to estimate the lifetime economic and clinical outcomes in 6-week cycles. The efficacy (clinical event rates per 100 patient-years) and safety data were derived from a pairwise indirect treatment comparison. The analysis was conducted from both the national health service (NHS) and societal perspectives, and included pharmaceutical costs (retail price plus value-added tax (VAT) and applicable national deductions) according to daily dosages (apixaban 10 mg (5 mg twice daily (bid)) and edoxaban 60 or 30 mg) and complications and disease-management costs, obtained from national databases. Utilities for quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) calculations reflected EuroQoL 5-Dimension scores in patients with AF. An annual discount rate of 3% was applied for costs (euro, year 2019 values) and outcomes. RESULTS: In a 1000-patient cohort, apixaban 5 mg bid versus edoxaban 60 mg could avoid five strokes, six major bleedings and 29 clinically relevant non-major bleedings (CRNMBs). Compared with edoxaban 30 mg, apixaban could avoid 21 strokes and two SEs. An increase in bleedings was observed with apixaban (seven haemorrhagic strokes, 48 major bleedings and 17 CRNMBs). Apixaban yielded 0.04 additional QALYs compared with edoxaban 60 mg or 30 mg. Incremental costs/QALY were euro9639.33 and euro354.22 for apixaban versus edoxaban 60 mg and edoxaban 30 mg, respectively, from the NHS perspective and euro7756.62 for apixaban versus edoxaban 60 mg from the societal perspective. Apixaban was dominant versus edoxaban 30 mg from the societal perspective. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the model. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that apixaban 5 mg bid is a cost-effective alternative to edoxaban for stroke prevention in the AF population in Spain