Twisted atrioventricular connections in double inlet right ventricle: evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging

Twisted atrioventricular connections occur almost exclusively in the hearts with biventricular atrioventricular connections. Only one example of double inlet left ventricle has been illustrated in which the axes of the two atrioventricular valves crossed each other. We describe herein three patients, and one autopsied specimen, with double inlet right ventricle in which magnetic resonance imaging clearly demonstrated twisted atrioventricular connections

Self-assembled arrays of zinc oxide nanoparticles from monolayer films of diblock copolymer micelles

A hexagonal array of optically active ZnO nanoparticles was synthesized in situ on the solid substrate by utilizing a single-layered film of diblock copolymer micelles as a nanostructured template.X1135sciescopu

Photoluminescent characteristics of Ni-catalyzed GaN nanowires

The authors report on time-integrated and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) of GaN nanowires grown by the Ni-catalyst-assisted vapor-liquid-solid method. From PL spectra of Ni-catalyzed GaN nanowires at 10 K, several PL peaks were observed at 3.472, 3.437, and 3.266 eV, respectively. PL peaks at 3.472 and 3.266 eV are attributed to neutral-donor-bound excitons and donor-acceptor pair, respectively. Furthermore, according to the results from temperature-dependent and time-resolved PL measurements, the origin of the PL peak at 3.437 eV is also discussed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.X1147sciescopu

Local structure around Ga in ultrafine GaN/ZnO coaxial nanorod heterostructures

The structure of tubular GaN coaxially grown on ZnO nanorods with thickness of 6-12 nm was investigated using x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) at the Ga K edge. The XAFS measurements revealed that the GaN had a distorted-wurtzite structure, and that there were more distortions in the bond length of Ga-Ga pairs than in Ga-N pairs. However, no extra disorders were observed in any of the pairs. These results strongly suggest that Ga atoms first bonded to the ZnO template. Unlike other techniques, the XAFS determines structure around a selected species atom in nano-heterostructures. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.open1188sciescopu

Orientation-dependent x-ray absorption fine structure of ZnO nanorods

The local structure of two samples of vertically well-aligned ZnO nanorods with average diameters of 13 and 37 nm were studied using orientation-dependent x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) at the Zn K edge. The aligned ZnO nanorod samples were fabricated on sapphire (0001) substrates with a catalyst-free metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy method. The XAFS measurements showed that both nanorod samples have a well-ordered wurtzite structure and that no vacancy was observed at either site of zinc or oxygen atoms. However, we found that in both samples the lattice constants of a and b were shrunken by similar to0.04 Angstrom while c was elongated by similar to0.1 Angstrom, compared with those of their bulk counterparts. Furthermore, there was a substantial amount of disorder in the bond length of the only Zn-O pairs located near the ab plane. This may suggest that the terminating atoms at the boundaries of the nanorods are oxygen atoms. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics.open114545sciescopu

A vast 4000-year-old spatial pattern of termite mounds

The origins of many large-scale ‘biogenic’ earthen structures are controversial, because often the species that built them have vanished. This is especially true when they form regular (over-dispersed), self-organized vegetation patterns [1]. Here, we describe a vast array of soil mounds constructed by termites (Syntermes dirus) that has persisted for up to 4000 years and covers an estimated 230,000 km2 of seasonally dry tropical forest in a relatively undisturbed and climatically stable region of Northeast Brazil. The mounds are not nests, but rather they are generated by the excavation of vast inter-connecting tunnel networks, resulting in approximately 10 km3 of soil being deposited in 200 million conical mounds that are 2.5 m tall and approximately 9 m in diameter. S. dirus termites are still present in the soil surrounding the mounds and we found that intra-specific aggression occurred at a scale much larger than an individual mound. We suggest that the complex network of tunnels built to access episodic leaf-fall has allowed for the optimization of waste soil removal, which over thousands of years has formed an over-dispersed spatial pattern of mounds

Experimental Demonstration of Flexible Bandwidth Optical Data Center Core Network With All-to-All Interconnectivity

This paper proposes and demonstrates a flexible-bandwidth optical interconnect architecture for data centers exploiting wavelength routing in arrayed waveguide grating routers and fast tunable lasers. The proposed architecture provides hierarchical all-to-all connectivity with low contention and dynamic interconnection reconfiguration for higher bandwidth provisioning between hot spots. An eight-cluster core network experiment testbed with hierarchical all-to-all interconnection shows 1.77x throughput increase and 1.19x network energy efficiency improvement in the case of intercluster hot-spot traffic, while guaranteeing more than 97% throughput for the portion of the traffic with uniform random distribution

Sound Modes in Holographic Hydrodynamics for Charged AdS Black Hole

In the previous paper we studied the transport coefficients of Quark-Gluon Plasma in finite temperature and finite density in vector and tensor modes. In this paper, we extend it to the scalar modes. We work out the decoupling problem and hydrodynamic analysis for the sound mode in charged AdS black hole and calculate the sound velocity, the charge susceptibility and the electrical conductivity. We find that Einstein relation among the conductivity, the diffusion constant and the susceptibility holds exactly.Comment: 1+33 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX; references added, improved section 4.

Near-field measurement of spectral anisotropy and optical absorption of isolated ZnO nanorod single-quantum-well structures

We report low-temperature near-field spectroscopy of isolated ZnO/ZnMgO single-quantum-well structures (SQWs) on the end of ZnO nanorod to define their potential for nanophotonics. First, absorption spectra of isolated ZnO/ZnMgO nanorod SQWs with the Stokes shift as small as 3 meV and very sharp photoluminescent peaks indicate that the nanorod SQWs are of very high optical quality. Furthermore, we performed polarization spectroscopy of isolated ZnO SQWs, and observed valence-band anisotropy of ZnO SQWs in photoluminescence spectra directly. Since the exciton in a quantum structure is an ideal two-level system with long coherence times, our results provide criteria for designing nanophotonic devices. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics.open111828sciescopu