Crystallographic texture evolution in Ti–35Nb alloy deformed by cold rolling

This work presents the results of a microstructural characterization of the Ti–35Nb alloy deformed by cold rolling. Initially, samples of the Ti–35Nb (wt%) alloy were obtained by electric arc melting. After melting, these samples were solution heat-treated at 1000 °C for 8 h and water quenched. The resulting microstructure was composed of β-phase (bcc) combined with orthorhombic martensite (α″). Samples were cold-rolled in multiple passes to reduce their thickness by up to 85% without intermediary annealing. They were then characterized by light optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Vickers hardness measurements. Young’s modulus was determined by ultrasonic methods and nanoindentation measurements. The texture evolution and orientation relationship between phases were studied by X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results reveal the presence of shear bands in the deformed samples, an orientation of the orthorhombic martensite phase in relation to the rolling direction, and variations of Young’s modulus in response to deformation. The textural results of the β-phase show a typical bcc rolling texture with strong (1 1 0) fiber and weak (1 1 1) fiber. The intensity of the (1 1 0) fiber increases with deformation60653660CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPNão temNão temNão temThe authors gratefully acknowledge the Brazilian research funding agencies FAPESP (State of São Paulo Research Foundation), CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) and CAPES (Federal Agency for the support and Evaluation of Graduate Education) for their financial support of this wor

Changes of Several Psychological Measures in the Patients with Craniomandibular Disorders, Bruxing Behavior and Sexual Abuse History

Aim: The understanding of psychological correlates of Craniomandibular disorders and Bruxing Behavior has seen significant progress in the last few years. However, studies evaluating association between more complex psychological measures in such disorders are extremely scarce. To investigate this, we evaluated frequency of sexual abuse history in the experimental and two control groups and scores in depression, somatization and dissociation in those with Craniomandibular Disorders and Bruxism with/without sexual abuse history.Methods: Clinical examination, self-report, chief complaint, criteria for craniomandibular disorders and bruxism, the Becker-Lausen Questionnaire for sexual abuse were used in the Craniomandibular Disorder+ Bruxing Behavior, and in two control subgroups to gather data about sexual abuse history. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 32 questions from the Screening Somatoform Disorders (SOMS-2) instrument and the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES) were used in the Craniomandibular Disorder + Bruxism + Sexual Abuse (n=39), in the Craniomandibular Disorder + Bruxism with no sexual abuse subgroup (n=158) and in the no Craniomandibular Disorders no Sexual Abuse subgroup (n=50) so as to gather data about depression, somatization and dissociation, respectively.Results: We show that there was no a statistically significant difference when comparing frequency of sexual abuse history in the experimental and in the two control groups. Means in depression were about 14.7; 11.4; and 9.3 in the Craniomandibular Disorder + Bruxism and Sexual abuse, in the Craniomandibular Disorder + Bruxism with no sexual abuse history, and in the no Craniomandibular Disorders no Sexual abuse history subgroups, respectively (Kruskall-Wallis statistics with post test p<0.02). Means in somatization were 12.1, 10.3, and 8.0, respectively in those subgroups (p<0.006). Means in dissociation were about 22.3, 15.6, and 15.2, respectively (p<0.007).Conclusions: Means in depression, somatization and dissociation were higher and significantly different in the Craniomandibular + bruxing behavior + sexual abuse history subgroup. This study provides further data on frequency of sexual abuse in craniomandibular disorder and bruxer subjects, expands current knowledge about depression and somatization and provides non previously reported data on dissociation