ANNEALING EFFECT ON CHARACTERISTICS OF NICKEL-FERROUS ALLOY THIN FILMS

Ni-Fe alloy thin films were created via electroplating at ambient temperature. After that, the Ni-Fe thin films were electroplated and annealed at 200 degrees Celsius. In the FCC phase, the microstructure of Ni-Fe deposited films is orientated. They were characterised morphologically, structurally, and mechanically. Ni-Fe films were bright and uniformly covered on the surface. The deposition of Ni-Fe films was also nanoscale, with an average crystalline size of 92 nm. Ni-Fe has a micro hardness of 138 VHN after annealing

The identity of the serotonin-sensitive aryl acylamidase with acetylcholinesterase from human erythrocytes, sheep basal ganglia and electric eel

The identity of the serotonin-sensitive aryl acylamidase with acetylcholinesterase from three diverse sources, namely sheep basal ganglia, human erythrocyte membrane: and electric eel, was examined. Both the enzymes co-purified with constant ratios of specific activity from all the three sources by different affinity chromatographic techniques. The ratio of acetylcholinesterase to aryl acylarnidase activity was highest for basal ganglia, less for erythrocyte and lowest for eel enzymes. Both the purified enzymes co-migrated on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis either as a single species or multiple species under different conditions. Gel density gradient electrophoresis indicated identical migration rates of both the enzymes. Extraction of the enzymes from the three sources by different techniques of membrane disruption and subsequent gel filtration on Sepharose 6B showed multiple peaks of enzyme activity. Both the enzymes had identical elution profiles on Sepharose 6B gel filtration. All the enzyme peaks from Sepharose 6B on gel electrophoresis showed co-migration of the enzyme activities. Apart from inhibition by serotonin and acetylcholine the purified aryl acylamidases from all the three sources were potently inhibited by neostygmine, eserine and BW284C51, all strong inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. It is suggested that the serotonin-sensitive aryl acylamidase is identical with acetylcholinesterase

The aryl acylamidases and their relationship to cholinesterases in human serum, erythrocyte and liver

Human serum aryl acylamidase associated with serum cholinesterase was purified to homogeneity. Evidence for the identity of the two enzymes was based on co-elution profiles, co-purification in the different steps including affinity chromatography with constant ratios of specific activity and percentage recoveries, co-migration on gel electrophoresis, parallel inhibition by typical cholinesterase inhibitors and co-precipitation by antibody raised against the purified enzyme. Human liver aryl acylamidase was partially purified. Based on the elution profiles, purification data, inhibitory characteristics and gel electrophoresis it was concluded that aryl acrylamidase of liver was not associated with liver cholinesterase. More conclusive evidence for the non-association of the liver aryl acylamidase and cholinesterase came from their clear-cut separation on procainamide-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Both the serum and liver aryl acylamidase were compared with the purified erythrocyte aryl acylamidase associated with acetylcholinesterase. While the erythrocyte and serum aryl acylamidases showed some similarities in their sensitivities to amines like serotonin or tryptamine and choline derivatives, the liver enzyme was unaffected by any of these compounds. A notable observation was the activation by tyramine of the serum aryl acylamidase but not the erythrocyte and liver aryl acylamidases. The liver aryl acylamidase also differed from the other two in its relative insensitivity to inhibition by eserine, neostygmine and other cholinesterase inhibitors. Immunodiffusion and immunoprecipitation studies showed that the aryl acylamidases from the liver and erythrocytes were immunologically non-identical with the serum enzyme

O(3) Non-linear σ\sigma model with Hopf term and Higher spin theories

Following our earlier work we argue in detail for the equivalence of the nonlinear $\sigma$ model with Hopf term at~$\theta=\pi/2s$ ~and an interacting spin-s theory. We give an ansatz for spin-s operators in the $\sigma$ model and show the equivalence of the correlation functions.We also show the relation between topological and Noether currents. We obtain the Lorentz and discrete transformation properties of the spin-s operator from the fields of the $\sigma$ model. We also explore the connection of this model with Quantum Hall Fluids.Comment: 34 pages LATEX FIL

Quantum metrology with Bose-Einstein condensates

We show how a generalized quantum metrology protocol can be implemented in a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate of n atoms, achieving a sensitivity that scales better than 1/n and approaches 1/n^(3/2) for appropriate design of the condensate

Completely Positive Maps and Classical Correlations

We expand the set of initial states of a system and its environment that are known to guarantee completely positive reduced dynamics for the system when the combined state evolves unitarily. We characterize the correlations in the initial state in terms of its quantum discord [H. Ollivier and W. H. Zurek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 017901 (2001)]. We prove that initial states that have only classical correlations lead to completely positive reduced dynamics. The induced maps can be not completely positive when quantum correlations including, but not limited to, entanglement are present. We outline the implications of our results to quantum process tomography experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

Lorentz transformations that entangle spins and entangle momenta

Simple examples are presented of Lorentz transformations that entangle the spins and momenta of two particles with positive mass and spin 1/2. They apply to indistinguishable particles, produce maximal entanglement from finite Lorentz transformations of states for finite momenta, and describe entanglement of spins produced together with entanglement of momenta. From the entanglements considered, no sum of entanglements is found to be unchanged.Comment: 5 Pages, 2 Figures, One new paragraph and reference adde