Predictive value of atrial electromechanical delay for atrial fibrillation recurrence

Background: We investigated the predictive value of atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) for recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) at 1-month after cardioversion.Methods: Seventy-seven patients with persistent AF were evaluated and finally 50 patients (12 men, 38 women) were included. All patients underwent transthoracic electrical DC cardioversion under amiodarone treatment. AEMD was measured as the time interval from the onset of the P wave on electrogram (ECG) to the beginning of late diastolic wave (Am) from the ventricular annulus and atrial walls on tissue Doppler imaging, in the apical 4-chamber view 24 h after cardiversion. P wave maximum-duration (Pmax), P wave minimum-duration (Pmin) and P wave dispersion-duration (Pdis) were calculated on the 12-lead ECG at 24-h postcardioversion. We followed the heart rate and rhythm by 12-lead ECG at 24-h, 1-week and 1-month.Results: At 1-month follow-up after cardioversion, 28 (56%) patients were in sinus rhythm (SR), whereas 22 (44%) patients reverted to AF. The AEMD durations were longer in AF group than SR group (p < 0.001) and were signifi cantly correlated with Pmax and Pdis (p < 0.001 for both). For AF recurrence; duration of AF, left atrial (LA) diameter, maximum LA volume index, mitral A velocity and LA lateral AEMD were significant parameters in univariate-analysis, however LA lateral AEMD was the only significant parameter in multivariate-analysis (OR: 1.46; 95% CI 1.02–2.11; p = 0.03).Conclusions: Our results suggest that AEMD is associated with an increased risk of recurrence of AF within 1-month. These data may have implications for the identification of patients who are most likely to experience substantial benefit from cardiversion therapy for AF

Development of functional jaw orthopedics and function regulator [Fonksiyonel çene ortopedisinin gelişimi ve fonksiyonel düzenleyici.]

PubMed ID: 2101646Functional jaw orthopedics is an orthodontic treatment which uses muscle stimuli developed from the functions and tonus changes of masticatory, tongue, lip and cheek muscles. The functional regulator which is one of the appliances used in this treatment, takes support not from the teeth, but directly from the soft tissues in order to make changes in alveolar bone and teeth

Treatment of Class II, division 1, with a maxillary traction appliance [Traitement des Classes II, division 1, par une gouttière de traction maxillaire.]

PubMed ID: 2395760[No abstract available

The functional regulator (FR I) [Fonksiyonel düzenleyici (FR I).]

PubMed ID: 2101652The FR I appliance, which aims the sagittal, vertical and transversal development of intraoral cavity by keeping away the perioral muscles is used widely in crowded Angle Class I and Class II Division 1 cases. The most active period for Frankel I treatment is the time upper and lower incisors finish their eruption and the posterior deciduous teeth are in their places only for retention. In the 11 year old patient treated with FR I appliance for 6 months, the ANB angle decreased by 3.5 degrees and an anterior development of mandible was established. Also a transversal development in lower and upper jaws and sagittal development in the lower jaw were seen

The functional regulators (FR III, FR IV) [Fonksiyonel düzenleyici (FR III, FR IV).]

PubMed ID: 2101654The Frankel III appliance is used in Angle Class III, maxillary deficiency cases. The vestibular and buccal shilts changes the sagittal relationship of the jaws in Class III cases by developing the upper jaw sagittally, vertically and transversally. After 7 months of FR III treatment of an 11 year old Class III patient, the molar relationship and anterior crossbite were corrected. As the SNA angle increased, the -2 degrees ANB an le changed to 2 degrees. As there were no transversal and sagittal development in lower jaw, the upper jaw expanded transversally and sagittally. Also the FR IV appliance is used in the treatment of open-bite and bimaxillary protrusion cases