Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas IV C SD Negeri I67 Pekanbaru

The problem this research is the students achievement of social fourth graderes studies still low with an average value of 75,60 and minimum completeness criteria (KKM) social studies is 81. Between students, amounting to 40 people only 12 students who achieve classical KKM with 30%. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR), which aims to improve the student achievement of science studies class IVc at SDN 167 Pekanbaru with implementation model problem instruction. Formulation of the problem : Is the implementation of problem instruction can improve students achievement of social studies at class IVc SDN 167 Pekanbaru. The research was conducted month April. Subjects were students of SDN 167 Pekanbaru, totaling 40 people who use the data source. The data collection instruments in this thesis is a teacher and students activities sheets and students achievement. This thesis presents the results obtained each day before the action an improve in base score cycle with the average being 75,60. In the first cycle improve an average of 77,50 with increase big as 84,12. Activities of the teacher in the learning process in cycle of 1with increase big as and the second meeting improve to 71,44% and the second meeting improve 82,14%. Cycle II first meeting and the second meeting improve 85,71% to 92,85%. In the third cycle of the first meeting and the second meeting improve 73,07% to 76,92%. Results of data analysis of students activities in the first cycle with the first meeting of an average of 85,76% and a second meeting improve to 90,38% in the class IVc at SDN 167 Pekanbaru that the implementation of problem inkuiri can improve the student achievement of science studiesat fourth graderes SDN 167 Pekanbaru

Airway Remodeling in Feline Lungs

Airway remodeling encompass structural changes that occur as the result of chronic injury and lead to persistently altered airway structure and function. Although this process is known in several human respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), airway remodeling is poorly characterized in the feline counterpart. In this study, we describe the spontaneous pulmonary changes in 3 cats paralleling the airway remodeling reported in humans. We observed airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) hyperplasia (peribronchial and interstitial), airway subepithelial and interstitial fibrosis, and vascular remodeling by increased number of vessels in the bronchial submucosa. The hyperplastic ASMCs co-expressed α-SMA, vimentin and desmin suggesting that vimentin, which is not normally expressed by ASMCs, may play a role in airway thickening, and remodeling. ASMCs had strong cytoplasmic expression of TGFβ-1, which is known to contribute to tissue remodeling in asthma and in various bronchial and interstitial lung diseases, suggesting its involvement in the pathogenesis of ASMCs hyperplasia. Our findings provide histologic evidence of airway remodeling in cats. Further studies on larger caseloads are needed to support our conclusions on the value of this feline condition as an animal model for nonspecific airway remodeling in humans

Corrosion Behaviour of Steel/55% Al-Zn Alloy/Paint Systems Exposed to Natural and Artificial Environments

The corrosion performance of steel/55%Al–Zn alloy sheets pre‐treated with 5% Fe (NO3)3þ15% H3PO4 solution, and then coated with acrylic (AC), alkyd (AQ), vinyl (VL), solvent‐based epoxy (ES) or waterborne epoxy (EA) corrosion‐inhibiting primersþa barrier topcoat alkyd paint was studied. Exposure conditions included weathering chambers and natural atmospheres (La Plata‐Argentina and San Luis‐Potosí, México). The panels' behaviour was evaluated through visual inspections and EIS measurements. Their results allowed inferring that: (1) most of the painting systems have a satisfactory performance during their exposure to the accelerated weathering chamber or the natural atmospheric stations and (2) the correlation between them allowed explaining some problems arising in service. This information will allow extending the useful life by adjusting the painting system formulation.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Pintura

Kinetic flow performance in nozzles Final report

Engine performance and kinetic flow performance in nozzles using four space storable propellant combination

Estabilidade das propriedades hidráulicas do solo em um sistema de plantio direto em longo prazo

The area under the no-tillage system (NT) has been increasing over the last few years. Some authors indicate that stabilization of soil physical properties is reached after some years under NT while other authors debate this. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the last crop in the rotation sequence (1st year: maize, 2nd year: soybean, 3rd year: wheat/soybean) on soil pore configuration and hydraulic properties in two different soils (site 1: loam, site 2: sandy loam) from the Argentinean Pampas region under long-term NT treatments in order to determine if stabilization of soil physical properties is reached apart from a specific time in the crop sequence. In addition, we compared two procedures for evaluating water-conducting macroporosities, and evaluated the efficiency of the pedotransfer function ROSETTA in estimating the parameters of the van Genuchten-Mualem (VGM) model in these soils. Soil pore configuration and hydraulic properties were not stable and changed according to the crop sequence and the last crop grown in both sites. For both sites, saturated hydraulic conductivity, K0, water-conducting macroporosity, εma, and flow-weighted mean pore radius, R0ma, increased from the 1st to the 2nd year of the crop sequence, and this was attributed to the creation of water-conducting macropores by the maize roots. The VGM model adequately described the water retention curve (WRC) for these soils, but not the hydraulic conductivity (K) vs tension (h) curve. The ROSETTA function failed in the estimation of these parameters. In summary, mean values of K0 ranged from 0.74 to 3.88 cm h-1. In studies on NT effects on soil physical properties, the crop effect must be considered.Nos últimos anos, o sistema plantio direto (NT) tem aumentado. Alguns autores indicam que os atributos físicos do solo ficam estáveis após anos cultivando nesse sistema, sendo esse fato discutido por outros autores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do último cultivo após a rotação (1º ano: milho; 2º ano: soja; e 3º ano: trigo/soja) sobre a configuração do sistema poroso do solo e das suas propriedades hidráulicas de diferentes tipos de textura (solo 1: franco; e solo 2: franco-arenoso) da região do pampa argentino, em NT por um longo prazo, para determinar se a estabilidade das propriedades físicas do solo independe do momento da rotação. Adicionalmente, foram comparados os procedimentos para avaliar a macroporosidade, bem como avaliada a eficiência da função de pedotransferência ROSETTA, para estimar os parâmetros do modelo de van Genuchten-Mualen (VGM) desses solos. A configuração do sistema poroso do solo e as propriedades hidráulicas não foram estáveis e se alteraram em razão da rotação da cultura e do último cultivo utilizado na rotação em ambos os solos. Nos dois locais, a condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado (K0 ), a macroporosidade (εma) e o raio médio ponderado do poro por fluxo (R0ma) aumentaram do 1º para o 2º ano da rotação de culturas e isso se atribuiu ao aumento de macroporos condutores de água pra as raízes de milho. O modelo VGM descreveu adequadamente a curva de retenção de água (WCR) nos dois solos, porém não foi adequada para as curvas de condutividade hidráulica (K) vs tensão (h). A função ROSETTA não foi eficiente para a estimativa dos parâmetros. Em resumo, os valores médios de K0 variaram entre 0,74 e 3,88 cm h-1. Com relação às propriedades físicas do solo no NT, o efeito do cultivo deve ser considerado.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Estabilidade das propriedades hidráulicas do solo em um sistema de plantio direto em longo prazo

The area under the no-tillage system (NT) has been increasing over the last few years. Some authors indicate that stabilization of soil physical properties is reached after some years under NT while other authors debate this. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the last crop in the rotation sequence (1st year: maize, 2nd year: soybean, 3rd year: wheat/soybean) on soil pore configuration and hydraulic properties in two different soils (site 1: loam, site 2: sandy loam) from the Argentinean Pampas region under long-term NT treatments in order to determine if stabilization of soil physical properties is reached apart from a specific time in the crop sequence. In addition, we compared two procedures for evaluating water-conducting macroporosities, and evaluated the efficiency of the pedotransfer function ROSETTA in estimating the parameters of the van Genuchten-Mualem (VGM) model in these soils. Soil pore configuration and hydraulic properties were not stable and changed according to the crop sequence and the last crop grown in both sites. For both sites, saturated hydraulic conductivity, K0, water-conducting macroporosity, εma, and flow-weighted mean pore radius, R0ma, increased from the 1st to the 2nd year of the crop sequence, and this was attributed to the creation of water-conducting macropores by the maize roots. The VGM model adequately described the water retention curve (WRC) for these soils, but not the hydraulic conductivity (K) vs tension (h) curve. The ROSETTA function failed in the estimation of these parameters. In summary, mean values of K0 ranged from 0.74 to 3.88 cm h-1. In studies on NT effects on soil physical properties, the crop effect must be considered.Nos últimos anos, o sistema plantio direto (NT) tem aumentado. Alguns autores indicam que os atributos físicos do solo ficam estáveis após anos cultivando nesse sistema, sendo esse fato discutido por outros autores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do último cultivo após a rotação (1º ano: milho; 2º ano: soja; e 3º ano: trigo/soja) sobre a configuração do sistema poroso do solo e das suas propriedades hidráulicas de diferentes tipos de textura (solo 1: franco; e solo 2: franco-arenoso) da região do pampa argentino, em NT por um longo prazo, para determinar se a estabilidade das propriedades físicas do solo independe do momento da rotação. Adicionalmente, foram comparados os procedimentos para avaliar a macroporosidade, bem como avaliada a eficiência da função de pedotransferência ROSETTA, para estimar os parâmetros do modelo de van Genuchten-Mualen (VGM) desses solos. A configuração do sistema poroso do solo e as propriedades hidráulicas não foram estáveis e se alteraram em razão da rotação da cultura e do último cultivo utilizado na rotação em ambos os solos. Nos dois locais, a condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado (K0 ), a macroporosidade (εma) e o raio médio ponderado do poro por fluxo (R0ma) aumentaram do 1º para o 2º ano da rotação de culturas e isso se atribuiu ao aumento de macroporos condutores de água pra as raízes de milho. O modelo VGM descreveu adequadamente a curva de retenção de água (WCR) nos dois solos, porém não foi adequada para as curvas de condutividade hidráulica (K) vs tensão (h). A função ROSETTA não foi eficiente para a estimativa dos parâmetros. Em resumo, os valores médios de K0 variaram entre 0,74 e 3,88 cm h-1. Com relação às propriedades físicas do solo no NT, o efeito do cultivo deve ser considerado.Fil: Lozano, Luis Alberto. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Soracco, Carlos Germán. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Buda, Vicente S.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Sarli, Guillermo O.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Filgueira, Roberto Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Strontium ranelate effect on bone mineral density is modified by previous bisphosphonate treatment

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of strontium ranelate (SrR) on bone mineral density (BMD) and boneturnover markers after 1 year of treatment. Additionally, theeffect of SrR in bisphosphonate-naïve patients (BP-naïve)compared to patients previously treated with bisphosphonates (BP-prior) was analyzed. This retrospective study included482 postmenopausal women treated with SrR (2 g/day) for 1year in ten Argentine centers; 41 patients were excludeddue to insufficient data, while 441 were included. Participants were divided according to previous bisphosphonatetreatment in two groups: BP-naïve (n = 87) and BP-prior (n = 350). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. After 1 year oftreatment with SrR the bone formation markers total alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were increased (p < 0.0001),while the bone resorption marker s-CTX was decreased (p =0.0579). Also increases in BMD at the lumbar spine (LS,3.73%), femoral neck (FN, 2.00%) and total hip (TH, 1.54%) [p < 0.0001] were observed. These increments were significant(p < 0.0001) both among BP-naïve and BP-prior patients. Interestingly, the change in BMD after 1 year of SrR treatmentwas higher in BP-naïve patients: LS: BP-naïve = 4.58 ± 0.62%; BP-prior = 3.45 ± 0.28% (p = 0.078). FN: BP-naïve = 2.79 ±0.56%; BP-prior = 2.13 ± 0.29% (p = 0.161). TH: BP-naïve = 3.01± 0.55%; BP-prior = 1.22 ± 0.27% (p = 0.0006). SrR treatmentincreased BMD and bone formation markers and decreaseda bone resorption marker in the whole group, with betterresponse in BP-naïve patients.Fil: Brun, Lucas Ricardo Martín. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Biología Ósea; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Galich, Ana M.. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Eduardo. Instituto de la Mujer. Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Salerni, Helena. Consultorios de Investigación Clínica Endocrinológica y del Metabolismo Óseo ; ArgentinaFil: Maffei, Laura. Consultorios Asociados de Endocrinología Dra. Laura Maffei; ArgentinaFil: Premrou, Valeria. Consultorios Asociados de Endocrinología Dra. Laura Maffei; ArgentinaFil: Costanzo, Paulo R. Consultorios de Investigación Clínica Endocrinológica y del Metabolismo Óseo ; ArgentinaFil: Sarli, Marcelo A. Instituto de Investigaciones Metabólicas Dr. Zanchetta; ArgentinaFil: Rey, Paula. Instituto de Investigaciones Metabólicas Dr. Zanchetta; ArgentinaFil: Larroudé, Maria S.. Hospital César Milstein; ArgentinaFil: Moggia, Maria S.. Centro Tiempo; ArgentinaFil: Brance, María Lorena. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Biología Ósea; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez, Ariel. Centro de Endocrinología; ArgentinaFil: Grupo Argentino de Estudio del Ranelato de Estroncio. No especifica

Relationship study of the verified human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 amplification with other tumor markers and clinicohistopathological characteristics in patients with invasive breast cancer, using chromogenic in situ hybridization

Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), as a crucial factor involved in about 20 of breast cancer cases, is one of the most reliable tumor markers to determine prognosis and therapeutic trend of this disease. This marker is generally assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. In the cases that result of IHC test cast doubt (+2), the test should be repeated or validated by applying in situ hybridization techniques, like chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). In this regard, the goal of current study was to figure out the link between different clinicopathological characteristics of patients suffering from invasive breast cancer, using tumor markers, hormone receptor (HR) and HER-2. Comparing IHC and CISH techniques for evaluating diagnostic value and usefulness of HER-2 were also the other objective of this study. Materials and Methods: Based on this retrospective study, histological markers of 113 individuals suffering from invasive breast cancer -such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, HER-2 receptor, E-cadherin, CK5/6, vimentin and Ki67 were examined by IHC technique. HER-2 amplification of all patients was also evaluated by CISH. Clinicopathological information of the patients was also extracted from medical documents and their associations with tumor markers were statistically evaluated. Results: There is a significant relationship between tumor size, CK5/6 and tumor grade with HR status. Similar relationship was observed between HER-2 status and HR status, as well as vascular invasion (P<0.05). The comparison of HER-2 amplification showed no complete concordance of the result obtained from these two techniques, with score +3. Conclusion: Since the status of HER-2 is very important in decision making of the treatment process, CISH technique is recommended in the malignant conditions as the primary test, instead of IHC. In this study, we also determined that HER-2 expression is greatly correlated with ER- and PR- status. This might propose a better prognosis for HER-2+ patients. © 2019 Royan Institute (ACECR). All rights reserved

The use of skin traction in the adult patients with proximal femur fracture. What are the effects, advantages and disadvantages? A scoping review

Background: Hip surgery is normally the chosen therapy for proximal femur fractures. Surgery within 24–48 h after hip fracture is recommended, but surgery may not always be performed promptly. Consequently, skin-traction is applied to reduce complications. The purpose of this review is to assess both advantages and disadvantages of skin traction. Methods: A scoping review was conducted. The research question was: which are the effects of skin traction, its advantages and disadvantages in adult patients with proximal femur fractures hospitalised in orthopaedic wards? The search was done in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, DOAJ, ClinicalTrials.gov and OpenDissertation. Results: 9 records were included, skin traction effects were summarised in 7 categories: pain, pressure sores, comfort and relaxation, thromboembolism, damage from adhesive, complications and quality of care. The possible advantage is pain reduction between 24 and 60 h, the possible disadvantage is skin damage. Discussion and conclusion: The routine use of skin traction does not appear recommended, but more consistent evidence is necessary to make clinic decisions. Future RCTs could focus on the effects of skin traction 24–60 h after hospitalisation and before surgery