Genetic Variability of some Maize Inbred Lines (Zea mays L.)in Agroecological Conditions of Kosovo

The aim of this study, conducted during the years 2005 (Y1) and 2006 (Y2), was to investigate the variability and appearance of genotype reaction in maize inbred lines. In the investigation were included 10 maize inbred lines obtained from the University of Tirana- Albania, department of Agronomy. The experiment was based on a ranomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the locality of Ferizaj. The variability and genotype reaction was analysed for quantitative parameters for plants as following: Ear height (EH); plant height (PH), ear leaf area (LA) and leaf area index (LAI). The experimental average values μ for investigated parameters were: EH was 60.46 cm, PH (169.88 cm), LA (446.2 cm2) and LAI (3.23 plant m-2) respectively. The inbred lines between them for EH at the first year (Y1) and the second year (Y2) had show the variability 52.59% and 43.16%, respectively. The highest value for EH was shown by inbred L4 (76.10 cm), which differs from the value μ for +25.86%. While the lowest value was recorded at the inbred L5 (44.30 cm) that difference was a reduction of -26.72%. In the Y2 the same values were repeated but with minimal differences. The maize inbred L7 for the Y1 had a greater total plant height (196.5 cm), while for the Y2 was obtained 206.7cm. The minimal average value for PH were shown by the inbred L8 and L2, while the total variability between all inbred lines for PH were Y1 (32.61%) and Y2 (36.55%) respectively. Average values of the two years investigation for ear leaf area (LA) were obtained by inbred L7 (544.1cm2 plant-1), whereas lowest values were showed by maize inbred L10 (356.9cm2plant-1). Variability between inbred lines was 41.95 %. The highest value of LAI was obtained for inbred L7 on coefficient 3.9 plant m2 (Y1) and 4.0plant m-2(Y2) whereas the lowest LAI was realised on maize inbred L10 (2.5 plant m-2) at the Y1, while for the Y2 was obtained at maize inbred L8 (2.6 plant m-2)

General and Specific Combining Ability Studies for Leaf Area (LA) in some Maize Inbreed Lines (Zea mays L.) in Agroecological Conditions in Kosova

In the methods of diallel crossing which are based on Hayman, (1954), Jinks,(1954), Griffing, (1956), Mather and Jinks, (1971), can produce values of hybrid combination and methods of heritage for a particular trait of selection. The use of heterosise in the world has started since the year 1933 in USA, where about 1% of the total surfaces were planted, while latter in the year 1953 the hetorsis of the maize hybrids was expanded up to 96% (Sprague, 1962). The cultivation of the maize hybrids started after the year 1960 in about 4.38%, and the seed was provided by the USA. Now, in Kosovo, about 95% of of surfaces are planted with different types of hybrids (Fetahu, 1998). The main object was to test and identify the reaction of some hybrid combinations of the F1 generation for leaf area (LA). Research includes 10 inbreed lines that had been in diallel crossing for GCA and SCA. The formula that provides the component of genetic variance was Griffings (1956) method 2, the mathematical model I.Xij= micro+gi+gj+sij+e. With maximal LA where heterozygote combination from inbreed lines was L6xL10, xg=788.6 cm 2, while minimal value was combination L4xL5, xgj=558.9 cm2. The experimental average value of F1 generation was micro= 678.8 cm2. With maximal and minimal average differences for LA of F1 generation were + 109.8 cm2 or 17%, respectively -119.9 cm2 or 18%, comparing with value micro. The total variability between genotypes were +/- 35%, with high significance. ANOVA for combination ability of GCA and SCA for LA provided with high phenotypes differences that were significant for P =< 0.05 and 0.01. Higher value for GCA obtained L2= +31.326, while with lower combination, the value was L4 = 38.069. For SCA with higher values had L6xL10= + 156.73, with high significance for P =< 0.01