Dairy development and dairy marketing in sub-Saharan Africa: Some preliminary indicators of policy impacts

Examines the marketing of domestically produced dairy products in sub-Saharan Africa, including imported but locally reconstituted whole milk powder and butter oil, and discusses trends in the imports of other dairy products over the last two decades in order to assess the impact of various dairy development and marketing policies of governments on the production & consumption of dairy products in the region

Relative efficiency of alternative dairy marketing systems in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia based on household purchase patterns

This report presents the findings of the study of the dairy marketing systems that cater primarily for the consuming households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study is part of a series of studies of dairy marketing systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Topics covered in the discussion of this paper are, the purchase patterns and the efficiency of the alternative marketing systems for liquid milk; the identification of alternative milk and butter marketing systems in Addis Ababa; the relative importance of the alternative milk and butter systems by city zone; and the relative efficiency of alternative milk and butter marketing systems

Dairy development and internal dairy marketing in sub-Saharan Africa: Performance, policies and options

Identifies and examines dairy marketing policies pursued in dif. countries in sub-Saharan Africa in order to assess how such policies may influence the structure and performance of the markets for dairy products in the region

Assessment of Farmers’ Adaptation to the Effects of Climate Change in Kenya: the Case of Kyuso District

The study was carried out to assess how farmers in Kyuso District have adapted to the effects of climate change. Survey data was collected from 246 farmers from six locations that were sampled out through a multistage and simple random sampling procedure. The probit regression model was fitted into the data in order to assess factors influencing farmers’ adaptation to the effects of climate change. The analysis revealed that 85% of the farmers had adapted in various ways to the effects of climate change. In this regard, the age of the farmer, gender, education, farming experience, farm income, access to climate information, household size, local agro-ecology, distance to input/output market, access to credit, access to water for irrigation, precipitation and temperature were found to have significant influence on the probability of farmers to adapt to climate change. The study suggests that more policy efforts should thus be geared towards helping all the farmers in the district to adapt to climate change. Key words: climate change, adaptation, probit regression model, Kyuso District

Analysis of Farmers’ Perceptions of the Effects of Climate Change in Kenya: the Case of Kyuso District

A cross-sectional analysis was carried out to evaluate how farmers in Kyuso District have perceived climate change. Data was collected from 246 farmers from six locations sampled out through a multistage and simple random sampling procedure. The logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess factors influencing farmers’ perceptions of climate change. The analysis revealed that 94% of farmers in Kyuso District had a perception that climate was changing.  In this regard, age of the household head, gender, education, farming experience, household size, distance to the nearest input/output market, access to irrigation water, local agro-ecology, access to information on climate change, access to extension services, off farm income and change in temperature and precipitation were found to have significant influence on the probability of farmers to perceive climate change. Since the level of perception to climate change revealed by the study was found to be high (94%), the study suggests that more policy efforts should thus be geared towards helping farmers to adapt to climate change. Key words: Climate change, Perceptions, Logistic regression, Kyuso District

The concept of marketing efficiency, applications and policy implications: A case of dairy marketing in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

The major concern of this study was to assess the relative efficiency of alternative marketing systems for dairy products. A number of partial efficiency criteria were developed. These partial efficiency criteria formed the basis from which the merit and demerits of the alternative marketing systems for liquid milk in Addis Ababa were assessed. The results of the study indicate that the rating of the performance of alternative marketing systems varies depending on the type of criterion used in the assessment of market performance. Hence there is no single organizational structure for dairy marketing systems that can be said to be unique in terms of economic performance. Hence there is need to evaluate local conditions and establish appropriate marketing systems to accompany dairy development projects in different countries. Apparently, any marketing system that can be said to be staisfactory should direct particular attention to meeting (1) customers convenience when collecting the product, (2) regularity and reliability of supply and (3) clean and hygienic premises from which the product is sold. And a mix of private and government dairy marketing systems would appear to perform better than government marketing systems alone Private marketing system appear to perform better in most cases

Marketing efficiency, pricing and policy implications: a case study of milk marketing in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

This case study examines the marketing system for fresh liquid milk in Addis Ababa and its environs (i.e. the catchment area for fresh milk within a 130 km. radius of the city of Addis Ababa) from the retail end of the system to determine the relative efficiency of alternative marketing systems for dairy products. Aspects examined were (1) consumer price levels, (2) the types, reliability and stability or flexibility of the services offered to the consumers, (3) the responsiveness of alternative marketing systems to consumer demands and (4) the contribution of alternative marketing systems to the maintenance of achievement of some specified goals of marketing policies, such as product quality and hygiene standards

Quelques indicateurs preliminaires de l'impact des politiques sur le developpement et la commercialisation de la production laitiere en Afrique subsaharienne

Examines the marketing of domestically produced dairy products in sub-Saharan Africa, including imported but locally reconstituted whole milk powder and butter oil, and discusses trends in the imports of other dairy products over the last two decades in order to assess the impact of various dairy development and marketing policies of governments on the production & consumption of dairy products in the region

Kenya's dairy industry: the marketing system and the marketing and pricing policies for fresh milk

Organisation of the dairy industry and the marketing system in Kenya is highlighted and marketing and pricing of milk in Kenya is discussed. The formal and the informal milk marketing subsystems are also discussed. The Kenya Cooperative Creameries Limited (KCC) handles most of the marketed milk that is not sold and consumed in the rural areas. A major role of the KCC is to receive, process and distribute fresh milk (as pasteurised milk) on a daily basis. However, the KCC also produces ultra-heat treated (UHT) milk for distribtion to more remote areas and also for distribution to primary school's under the School Milk (Feeding) Programme. In addition to this, the KCC also produces some other processed milk products, ranging from sour milk to skim-mlk powder and including butter, cheese, ghee, cream and yoghurt. The informal milk marketing sub-system deals with marketed milk that does not enter the formal marketing subsystem. This involves sales of raw milk by producers to consumers or by producers' agents to consumers. It also involves hawking of milk from home to home in the rural areas by itinerant traders

Adoption of farm biosecurity practices among smallholder poultry farmers in Kenya – An application of latent class analysis with a multinomial logistic regression

Sub-Saharan Africa has a growing demand for poultry, but productivity in the sector has not increased to meet this demand. One major constraints in the sector is diseases. Many farmers currently use clinical control measures that involve treating birds with antibiotics upon detecting an infection. However, this approach has presented the misuse of antibiotics, leading to antimicrobial resistance, which could have catastrophic effects going by different projections. We evaluate the uptake of preventive approaches to disease management, otherwise known as biosecurity measures and the effect of the adopted practices on animal health outcome among poultry farmers in Nyanza region of Kenya. The study applies latent class analysis, which is a model-based clustering approach to categorize poultry farmers into low, moderate, and high biosecurity adoption classes. We find low adoption of biosecurity measures across all classes of smallholder poultry farmers in Nyanza. However, correlation analysis show that increased uptake of biosecurity measures is associated with positive poultry health outcomes. This is as demonstrated by lower mortality rates among farmers characterized by higher adoption of biosecurity measures. Lastly, we implement a multinomial logistic regression to assess determinants of class membership and our analysis shows that information access is the greatest driver of biosecurity adoption. Farmers who had access to information on biosecurity measures were 25 % more likely to belong to the class of farmers adopting more biosecurity practices – high adoption class– and 21 % less likely to be in the moderate adopters class. As such, the study recommends enhanced information dissemination to improve the uptake of biosecurity measures