Scaling violation in the fragmentation region of inclusive nucleon spektrum

Spectra of cosmic ray showers associated with hadrons of various energies from 5 to 80 TeV were investigated. Results could be interpreted as scaling violation in the fragmentation region of secondary particles generated in inelastic interactions of primary protons at the energy above 30 TeV

Phenomenological characteristic of the electron component in gamma-quanta initiated showers

The phenomenological characteristics of the electron component in showers initiated by primary gamma-quanta were analyzed on the basis of the Tien Shan experimental data. It is shown that the lateral distribution of the electrons ion gamma-quanta initiated showers can be described with NKG - function with age parameters bar S equals 0, 76 plus or minus 0, 02, different from the same parameter for normal showers with the same size bar S equals 0, 85 plus or minus 0, 01. The lateral distribution of the correspondent electron energy flux in gamma-quanta initiated showers is steeper as in normal cosmic ray showers

Solar cosmic ray bursts and solar neutrino fluxes

The neutrino flux detected in the C1-Ar experiment seems to respond to the powerful solar cosmic ray bursts. The ground-based detectors, the balloons and the satellites detect about 50% of the bursts of soalr cosmic ray generated on the Sun's visible side. As a rule, such bursts originate from the Western side of the visible solar disk. Since the solar cosmic ray bursts are in opposite phase withthe 11-year galactic cosmic ray cycle which also seems to be reflected by neutrino experiment. The neutrino generation in the bursts will flatten the possible 11-year behavior of the AR-37 production rate, Q, in the Cl-Ar experiment. The detection of solar-flare-generated gamma-quanta with energies above tens of Mev is indicative of the generation of high-energy particles which in turn may produce neutrinos. Thus, the increased Q during the runs, when the flare-generated high energy gamma-quanta have been registered, may be regarded as additional evidence for neutrino geneation in the solar flare processes

Primary gamma-rays with E gamma or = to 10(15) eV: Evidence for ultrahigh energy particle acceleration in galactic sources

The recently observed primary ultra high energy gamma-rays (UHEGR) testify to the cosmic ray (CR) acceleration in the Galaxy. The available data may be interpreted as gamma-ray production due to photomeson production in CR sources

Experimental investigation of radiative-acoustic effects in the water by the thermodynamical conditions of Dumand

The value of the sound pulse produced by a high energy neutrino, if the thermoacoustical mechanism of sound generation takes place, is proportional to the density of energy absorbed, the coefficient of thermal expansion, the sound velocity, and the specific heat all of which depend on temperature, pressure and the salt content of the water

Search for excess showers from Crab Nebula

The arrival directions of muon poor showers registrated in the Tien Shan experiment during an effective running time about I,8.IO(4)h were analyzed. It is shown that there is a significant excess of these showers coming the direction of Crab Nebula

Cosmic Rays and Large Extra Dimensions

We have proposed that the cosmic ray spectrum "knee", the steepening of the cosmic ray spectrum at energy E \gsim 10^{15.5} eV, is due to "new physics", namely new interactions at TeV cm energies which produce particles undetected by the experimental apparatus. In this letter we examine specifically the possibility that this interaction is low scale gravity. We consider that the graviton propagates, besides the usual four dimensions, into an additional $\delta$, compactified, large dimensions and we estimate the graviton production in $p p$ collisions in the high energy approximation where graviton emission is factorized. We find that the cross section for graviton production rises as fast as $(\sqrt{s}/M_f)^{2+\delta}$, where $M_f$ is the fundamental scale of gravity in $4+\delta$ dimensions, and that the distribution of radiating a fraction $y$ of the initial particle's energy into gravitational energy (which goes undetected) behaves as $\delta y^{\delta -1}$. The missing energy leads to an underestimate of the true energy and generates a break in the {\sl inferred} cosmic ray spectrum (the "kne"). By fitting the cosmic ray spectrum data we deduce that the favorite values for the parameters of the theory are $M_f \sim 8$ TeV and $\delta =4$.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur

Age-related changes of arginase activity and nitric oxide level in phagocytes and their modulation by thymic mesenchymal stromal cells

Arginine metabolism plays an important role in the activation of phagocytes, which are responsible for initiation, regulation, and resolution of inflammation. Deterioration of phagocyte functions is thought to cause the development of inflammaging and other age-related disorders. Mesenchymal stromal cells are well known for their immunoregulatory properties and ability to modulate activation status of mononuclear phagocytes. We aimed to compare arginase activity and NO production in phagocytes from different sources in young and aged animals, and to explore the effect of syngeneic thymic mesenchymal stromal cells on these parameters in tissue-resident phagocytes. We found that arginine metabolism of tissue-resident mononuclear phagocytes from aged mice is shifted to alternative or anti-inflammatory phenotype, due to a statistically significant arginase activity increase. Syngeneic co-culture with mesenchymal stromal cells greatly stimulates arginase activity and up-regulates nitric oxide generation by tissue mononuclear phagocytes regardless of cell donor age. Such bi-directional influence may be beneficial in clinical application for simultaneous inhibition of inflammation and infectious process