Taglio cesareo: tecnica chirurgica

Descrizione delle tecniche chirurgiche utilizzate per l'esecuzione di un taglio cesareo, con le relative complicanze e controindicazioni. Accenno a casi particolari che richiedono il ricorso a tecniche normalmente meno utilizzate rispetto alle tradizionali al fine di ridurre morbosit\ue0 e mortalit\ue0 materno-fetali

Confronto tra staging laparoscopico e laparotomico dell\u2019apparent early stage ovarian cancer

Lo scopo dello studio era di confrontare l'outcome chirurgico, complicanze e costi tra lo staging laparoscopico e quello laparotomico nell'apparent early stage ovarian cancer.I risultati ottenuti hanno mostrato che la durata dell'operazione era superiore nel gruppo laparoscopico, ma che allo stesso tempo in questo gruppo vi era una minor perdita di sangue intraoperatoria, minor richiesta di trasfusioni, minor durata di ricovero opedaliero postoperatorio, pi\uf9 precoce ripresa dell'alimentazione spontanea e miglior qualit\ue0 di vita.In conclusione, lo staging chirurgico \ue8 stato effettuato in maniera completa in tutti i pazienti sia del gruppo laparotomico che laparoscopico con per\uf2 un'incidenza inferiore di complicanze intra e post operatorie in quest'ultimo; di contro i costi per la laparoscopia sono stati significativamente maggiori rispetto a quelli di un intervento in laparotomia

Cigarette smoke affects plasma fatty acid levels : an in vivo study

Cigarette smoke (CS) contains thousand of compounds, mainly free radicals, that affect polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels. In vitro, in different cell lines, CS inhibits the conversion of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids (FA) to their longer and more unsaturated derivatives. In vivo studies on the effects of CS on PUFA metabolism are scarce. Objective: to compare the FA profile in smoking (S) vs non smoking persons (NS). Methods: 12 S and 12 NS hyperlipidemic subjects were selected. FA in total lipids (TL), phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol esters (CE) were analyzed by GC. Results: TG, LDL, HDL, glycemia, BMI and age are similar in the two groups. Although S show lower total cholesterol (TC) levels, their plasma oxysterols are higher (+53%) vs NS. In TL, S present higher levels of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated FA (MUFA) vs NS. On the contrary PUFA are decreased: linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-3), arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are reduced in S than in NS. In addition, S present lower levels of PUFA in PL, TG and CE and higher levels of MUFA and SFA in PL and CE. The ANOVA linear regression shows, in TL, positive correlation between LA levels and TC, LDL only in NS. The correlation found in S is positive between 18:0 and TC, LDL, HDL; between SFA and TG; negative correlation between DHA and TC, EPA, DHA and TG. The relationship between FA levels and cigarette number or years of smoking were also investigated. Conclusions: Cigarette smoke significantly affects FA composition in TL, PL, TG and CE; S show decreased levels of PUF A and increased levels of SFA in relation to the number of years of smoking, while no correlation was seen between FA levels and number of cigarettes per day

DPP6 gene variability confers increased risk of developing sporadic ALS in Italian patients.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons. Approximately 10% of ALS cases are familial, with the remaining being sporadic. Although the aetiology of sporadic ALS (SALS) is largely unknown, familial and epidemiological data indicate that genetic factors may contribute to its pathogenesis