Complaint for permanent injunction

Thomas H. S . Brucker, Attorney for Plaintiff, Complaint from September 15, 197

FEDERAL PROCEDURE-VENUE-TRANSFER UNDER SECTION 1404(a) TO DISTRICT WHERE VENUE ORIGINALLY WOULD HAVE BEEN IMPROPER

Civil anti-trust actions were properly brought against defendants in the Federal District Court for the District of Delaware. Defendants sought a transfer of the suits to a district court in Texas under section 1404(a) of the Judicial Code, which allows a transfer when requirements of convenience are met to any district where the suit might have been brought Although venue in the Texas District Court would not have been proper when the suits were originally instituted, defendants claimed that their express waiver of improper venue removed the bar to transfer. The district court ruled that it lacked the power to make the transfer. On petition to the court of appeals for a writ of mandamus, held, two judges dissenting, that transfer can be made if the district court feels that it would serve the convenience of parties and witnesses and would be in the interest of justice. Paramount Pictures v. Rodney, (3d Cir. 1950) 186 F. (2d) 111

A Screening Test for Disclosed Vulnerabilities in FOSS Components

Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) components are ubiquitous in both proprietary and open source applications. Each time a vulnerability is disclosed in a FOSS component, a software vendor using this an application must decide whether to update the FOSS component, patch the application itself, or just do nothing as the vulnerability is not applicable to the older version of the FOSS component used. This is particularly challenging for enterprise software vendors that consume thousands of FOSS components and offer more than a decade of support and security fixes for their applications. Moreover, customers expect vendors to react quickly on disclosed vulnerabilities—in case of widely discussed vulnerabilities such as Heartbleed, within hours. To address this challenge, we propose a screening test: a novel, automatic method based on thin slicing, for estimating quickly whether a given vulnerability is present in a consumed FOSS component by looking across its entire repository. We show that our screening test scales to large open source projects (e.g., Apache Tomcat, Spring Framework, Jenkins) that are routinely used by large software vendors, scanning thousands of commits and hundred thousands lines of code in a matter of minutes. Further, we provide insights on the empirical probability that, on the above mentioned projects, a potentially vulnerable component might not actually be vulnerable after all

Phosphorus solubilization by microorganisms at different stages of soil development

P solubilization is an important process for ecosystem nutrition that is largely driven by soil microorganisms. However, little is known about changes of P solubilization rates and mechanisms during soil formation. Therefore, we investigated P solubilization along a climosequence in the coastal range of Chile. We analysed soil samples from four study areas in order to test the hypotheses that i) higher developed soils in temperate ecosystems show higher rates of P solubilization and silicate weathering as well as higher concentrations of organic acids compared to initially developed soils in dry ecosystems; ii) topsoil horizons reveal higher rates of P solubilization than subsoil horizons; iii) P solubilization is not driven by microbial need for P, but is a side effect of microbial metabolism. To determine the rates and mechanisms of P solubilization as well as the silicate weathering, we conducted several incubation experiments (one month at 15°C) with soil extracts containing soil microorganisms and apatite or saprolite as P sources. In some experiments, a minimal growth medium (glucose + NH4Cl) was used. In others, inorganic P was added additionally in order to test whether P availability affects the P solubilization rate. Inorganic P (Pi), pH, organic acids and Si were measured at regular intervals. Our results show that up to ten times higher rates of P solubilization from the added apatite were observed in the intermediately and highly developed soils compared to the initially developed one. Si-release rates and concentrations of organic acids were higher in the intermediately and highly developed soils compared to the initially developed one. P solubilization from saprolite was small and likely masked by microbial P immobilization. Topsoil horizons generally exhibited higher rates of P solubilization than subsoil horizons and the addition of a readily available P source did not result in substantial decreases of P solubilization rates, indicating that P solubilization was not driven by microbial need for P. We conclude that the capability of microbial communities to solubilize P from apatite and Si release rates are higher at more developed soils. Moreover, our experiments showed that the availability of carbon increased the P solubilization rates

Stateful protocol composition and typing

This is the final version. Available from the publisher via the link in this record.We provide in this AFP entry several relative soundness results for security protocols. In particular, we prove typing and compositionality results for stateful protocols (i.e., protocols with mutable state that may span several sessions), and that focuses on reachability properties. Such results are useful to simplify protocol verification by reducing it to a simpler problem: Typing results give conditions under which it is safe to verify a protocol in a typed model where only "well-typed" attacks can occur whereas compositionality results allow us to verify a composed protocol by only verifying the component protocols in isolation. The conditions on the protocols under which the results hold are furthermore syntactic in nature allowing for full automation. The foundation presented here is used in another entry to provide fully automated and formalized security proofs of stateful protocols

Satellite Observations to Monitor Subarctic Rain-On-Snow Events

Rain-on-snow (ROS) events have been the focus of numerous studies in the past five years. Their characteristics(frequency, extent, and duration) represent a new and relevant climate indicator. However, monitoring ROS occurrences remotely using satellite observations is deemed challenging. The ROS events can be sporadic, of very different intensities, and the outcome of the rain water uncertain (either it freezes in the snow cover or runs off). Using passive and active microwave remote sensing observations, our study proposes new approaches to monitor the occurrence of ROS events.Specifically, we utilize observations from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), and Global Precipitation Measurements (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI), and GPM Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR). We compare our ROS detection against weather stations and recently published algorithms using a different set of microwave frequencies

Silva: PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION

A Review of PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION. By Ruth C. Silva

Prediction and measurement of radiation damage to CMOS devices on board spacecraft

The CMOS Radiation Effects Measurement (CREM) experiment is presently being flown on the Explorer-55. The purpose of the experiment is to evaluate device performance in the actual space radiation environment and to correlate the respective measurements to on-the-ground laboratory irradiation results. The experiment contains an assembly of C-MOS and P-MOS devices shielded in front by flat slabs of aluminum and by a practically infinite shield in the back. Predictions of radiation damage to C-MOS devices are based on standard environment models and computational techniques. A comparison of the shifts in CMOS threshold potentials, that is, those measured in space to those obtained from the on-the-ground simulation experiment with Co-60, indicates that the measured space damage is smaller than predicted by about a factor of 2-3 for thin shields, but agrees well with predictions for thicker shields