Total Flavonoids and Phenolics in Catharanthus roseus L. and Ocimum sanctum L. as Biomarkers of Urban Auto Pollution

Present transplant study was carried out across Lucknow, the capital of Utter Pardesh using two medicinally important plants viz., ?Catharanthus roseus L.? and ?Ocimum sanctum L.? to assess whether certain ecophysiological responses (change in total flavonoids and total phenolics) in these two plants may serve as the biomarkers of auto exhaust pollution. Samples were taken from five different sites which differed from each other in terms of the number and type of vehicles plying over and were loaded with different concentrations of air pollutants (such as, SO2, NO2, SPM, RSPM). During the study, it was observed that the concentration of the different air pollutants across the sites correlated with the number and type of vehicles. Total flavonoids and total phenolics in both plants increased by increasing pollution loads across the sites, hence, this validates their role as biomarkers of auto exhaust pollution

The 1000 Mitoses Project : A Consensus-Based International Collaborative Study on Mitotic Figures Classification

Introduction. The identification of mitotic figures is essential for the diagnosis, grading, and classification of various different tumors. Despite its importance, there is a paucity of literature reporting the consistency in interpreting mitotic figures among pathologists. This study leverages publicly accessible datasets and social media to recruit an international group of pathologists to score an image database of more than 1000 mitotic figures collectively. Materials and Methods. Pathologists were instructed to randomly select a digital slide from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets and annotate 10-20 mitotic figures within a 2 mm2 area. The first 1010 submitted mitotic figures were used to create an image dataset, with each figure transformed into an individual tile at 40x magnification. The dataset was redistributed to all pathologists to review and determine whether each tile constituted a mitotic figure. Results. Overall pathologists had a median agreement rate of 80.2% (range 42.0%-95.7%). Individual mitotic figure tiles had a median agreement rate of 87.1% and a fair inter-rater agreement across all tiles (kappa = 0.284). Mitotic figures in prometaphase had lower percentage agreement rates compared to other phases of mitosis. Conclusion. This dataset stands as the largest international consensus study for mitotic figures to date and can be utilized as a training set for future studies. The agreement range reflects a spectrum of criteria that pathologists use to decide what constitutes a mitotic figure, which may have potential implications in tumor diagnostics and clinical management.Peer reviewe

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of displaced Supracondylar Fractures of Humerus with Crossed K-wires via Medial Approach

This study aimed at evaluating the medial approach for open reduction and internal fixation of Gartland type 3 displaced supracondylar fractures of humerus in children. A prospective, single centre study of on displaced supracondylar humerus fractures in 42 children was carried out at our institute. All fractures were managed with open reduction and internal fixation with crossed K-wires via medial approach. The mean follow-up was 12 months and patients were assessed according to Flynn’s criteria. No patients had post-operative ulnar nerve injury. Cubitus varus was not seen in any patient. Superficial pin tract infection occurred in three patients that subsided with anti-septic dressings and antibiotics. No deep infection occurred. 88.09 % patients showed satisfactory results as per Flynn’s criteria. The medial approach provides an excellent view of the supracondylar area. The approach is convenient due to a lower risk for ulnar nerve injury and better acceptability of the medial incisional scar

Metastasis of Maxillary Sinus Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma to the Humerus Bone—A Rare Case Report

Adenoid cystic carcinoma accounts for 10 to 12% of all salivary gland malignant neoplasms with an estimated incidence of 3 to 4.5 cases per million per year. Perineural spread and multiple local recurrences are its defining features, although the liver and lung are the most frequent sites for distant metastases. It is extremely uncommon for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the maxillary sinus to spread to distant bones. Few cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma with distant bone metastasis have been reported. Here, we report a known case of the adenoid cystic carcinoma of the maxillary sinus in a 40-year-old male, with isolated metastasis to the left humerus bone presenting 4 years later to the excision of the primary lesion. The fine-needle aspiration cytology, trucut biopsy, and immunocytochemistry of the left humerus osteoexpansile lesion confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. This rare case report re-emphasizes the distant metastatic potential of adenoid cystic carcinoma

Serum Lipid Profile In Leprosy Patients In Kashmir Valley

Serum lipid profile was evaluated in twenty leprosy patients (paucibacillary and multibacillary cases) and twenty age and sex matched healthy controls. The serum lipid profile of the two groups showed no statistically significant difference

Plasmonic gold nanoprism-Cobalt molecular complex dyad mimics Photosystem-II for visible-NIR illuminated neutral water oxidation

Constructing an artificial assembly for efficient photocatalytic water splitting is key in the pursuit for a solar-driven renewable energy economy. Here, we have fabricated a covalently linked gold nanoprism�cobalt molecular catalyst construct that stimulated efficient photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation reaction. This assembly generated significant photocurrent (?50 ?A/cm2) in neutral aqueous conditions with a minimal onset overpotential (?250 mV). This dyad imitates the light-harvesting properties of natural photosystem-II by producing 0.66 ?moles of O2 and 1.32 ?moles of H2 simultaneously per hour (0.8% photon to chemical fuel conversion efficiency) following complete water splitting under light with ?0.075�0.01% incident photon to photocurrent conversion efficiency (IPCE). The presence of the plasmonic gold nanomaterial in this assembly instigates broad-band absorbance spanning from the visible to NIR region (400�1200 nm) covering the majority of the natural solar spectrum. This dyad construct also exhibited appreciable durability under photoelectrocatalytic conditions to demonstrate its prospective applications in alternative energy fields.by Ab Qayoom Mir, Gayatri Joshi, Piue Ghosh, Shikha Khandelwal, Ashish Kar, Ravi Hegde, Saumyakanti Khatua and Arnab Dutt

Assessing organophosphate insecticide retention in muscle tissues of juvenile common carp fish under acute toxicity tests

Organophosphate insecticide spray poses potential threat of contamination of environmental components their accumulation in aquatic organisms. Although various physiological deficits associated with their exposure in fishes are documented, yet their retention in their edible muscle tissues has been poorly studied. In this context, the study was undertaken to ascertain the bioaccumulation of two organophosphate insecticide compounds (dimethoate and chlorpyrifos) in the muscles of juvenile Cyprinus carpio. The study could provide insight into the risks to human health associated with consuming contaminated fish flesh. The fishes exposed to various concentrations of dimethoate and chlorpyrifos in-vivo for 96 to ascertain the uptake and retention of these insecticides in the muscle. Results indicated that fish muscles accumulated the residues at all the concentrations with the recovery of 2.99% (0.032 ppm) of dimethoate exposed to LC50 concentrations. In contrast, the chlorpyrifos residues were found Below the Detection Level (BDL) in the fishes exposed to LC50 concentrations. The percentage bioaccumulation of dimethoate in fish muscle was 88.10%, and that of chlorpyrifos was BDL. The bio-concentration factor was dose-dependent and increased with increasing doses of both insecticides. The study invites attention to human health risk assessment in the regions where contaminated fish are consumed without scientific supervision