A review of the long-term psychological effects of radiation exposure in the cases of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Chernobyl nuclear accident

The unique history of nuclear weapons and nuclear power have created a host of unintended knock-on consequences to individuals and societies across the world through their development and deployment. This paper reviews the cases of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the nuclear accident at Chernobyl for long-term effects on human psychological and social processes in victims and their families. Key aspects to the psychology of the atomic bomb experience were the phenomenon of “silence” in survivors and an anxiety about the possible unknown health and genetic effects of exposure, with relatively few issues observed in descendants. Children, women, clean-up workers, and migrants are known to be vulnerable or at-risk populations for mental health issues in Chernobyl. Implications for future research in this domain are discussed

Pressure-Induced Antiferromagnetic Bulk Superconductor EuFe2_2As2_2

We present the magnetic and superconducting phase diagram of EuFe$_2$As$_2$ for $B \parallel c$ and $B \parallel ab$. The antiferromagnetic phase of the Eu$^{2+}$ moments is completely enclosed in the superconducting phase. The upper critical field vs. temperature curves exhibit strong concave curvatures, which can be explained by the Jaccarino-Peter compensation effect due to the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the Eu$^{2+}$ moments and conduction electrons.Comment: submitted to the proceedings of the M2S-IX Toky

Intrinsic Properties of AFe2As2 (A = Ba, Sr) Single Crystal under Highly Hydrostatic Pressure Conditions

We measured the electrical resistivity and ac magnetic susceptibility of BaFe2As2 and SrFe2As2 single crystals under pressure using a cubic anvil apparatus. For BaFe2As2, the antiferromagnetic (AF) and structural transitions are suppressed with increasing pressure. Unexpectedly, these transitions persist up to 8 GPa, and no signature of a superconducting transition was observed in the pressure range investigated here. On the other hand, the AF and structural transitions of SrFe2As2 collapse at around the critical pressure Pc ~ 5 GPa, resulting in the appearance of bulk superconductivity. The superconducting volume fraction abruptly increases above Pc, and shows a dome centered at approximately 6 GPa. Our results suggest that the bulk superconducting phase competes with the AF/orthorhombic phase and only appears in the narrow pressure region of the tetragonal phase.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Derivation of Inter-Atomic Force Constants of Cu2O From Diffuse Neutron Scattering Measurement

Neutron scattering intensity from Cu2O compound has been measured at 10 K and 295 K with High Resolution Powder Diffractometer at JRR-3 JAEA. The oscillatory diffuse scattering related to correlations among thermal displacements of atoms was observed at 295 K. The correlation parameters were determined from the observed diffuse scattering intensity at 10 and 295 K. The force constants between the neighboring atoms in Cu2O were estimated from the correlation parameters and compared to those of Ag2O.Received: 16 January 2013; Revised: 10 April 2013; Accepted: 15 April 201

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the retroperitoneum

The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com.ArticleInternational Journal of Urology. 13(10): 1355-1357 (2006)journal articl

Force Constants of Cu Crystals From Diffuse Neutron Scattering Measurement

Diffuse neutron scattering measurement on Cu crystals was performed at 10 K and 300 K. Oscillatory forms were observed in the diffuse scattering intensities. The observed diffuse scattering intensities are analyzed by including the correlation effects among thermal displacements of atoms in the theory. Using the values of correlation effects among neighboring atoms and the values of Debye-Waller temperature parameter, force constants among first, second and third nearest neighboring atoms have been evaluated. The result of correlation effects in Cu crystals are compared to that of ionic crystal and semiconductor. The relation between correlation effects and the inter-atomic distance is not depending much on the crystal binding types. Received: 12 October 2010; Revised: 22 October 2010; Accepted: 16 December 201

Benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma: A myth or a reality?

Background The benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy after nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is controversial. The present study aimed to examine the possible benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in various clinical settings. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 436 patients with pT1-3N0-2M0 RCC who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy with curative intent at our institution between 1981 and 2009. Of them, 98 (22.5%) patients received adjuvant interferon-α (IFN-α) after surgery (adjuvant IFN-α group), while 338 (77.5%) did not (control group). The primary endpoint was cancer-specific survival (CSS). Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. Results Fifty-two (11.9%) patients died from RCC with a median follow-up period of 96 months. Preliminary univariate analyses comparing CSS among treatment groups in each TNM setting revealed that CSS in the control group was equal or superior to that in the adjuvant IFN-α group in earlier stages, while the opposite trend was observed in more advanced stages. We evaluated the TNM cutoffs and demonstrated maximized benefit of adjuvant IFN-α in patients with pT2b-3cN0 (P = 0.0240). In multivariate analysis, ôpT3 and pN1-2 were independent predictors for poor CSS in all patients. In the subgroups with ôpT2 disease (n = 123), pN1-2 and no adjuvant treatment were significant poor prognostic factors. Conclusions Adjuvant immunotherapy after nephrectomy may be beneficial in pT2b-3cN0 RCC. Careful consideration is, however, required for interpretation of this observational study because of its selection bias and adverse effects of IFN-α

Contrasting Pressure Effects in Sr2VFeAsO3 and Sr2ScFePO3

We report the resistivity measurements under pressure of two Fe-based superconductors with a thick perovskite oxide layer, Sr2VFeAsO3 and Sr2ScFePO3. The superconducting transition temperature Tc of Sr2VFeAsO3 markedly increases with increasing pressure. Its onset value, which was Tc{onset}=36.4 K at ambient pressure, increases to Tc{onset}=46.0 K at ~4 GPa, ensuring the potential of the "21113" system as a high-Tc material. However, the superconductivity of Sr2ScFePO3 is strongly suppressed under pressure. The Tc{onset} of ~16 K decreases to ~5 K at ~4 GPa, and the zero-resistance state is almost lost. We discuss the factor that induces this contrasting pressure effect.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. No.12 (2009

Padrões espaciais de sistemas agroflorestais com cultivo de cacau em Tomé-Açu, Nordeste paraense.

A crescente demanda por informações sobre a dinâmica de uso das terras e da atividade agrícola na Amazônia, exige um esforço para que novos estudos sejam realizados. Este trabalho teve por objetivo propor uma metodologia para o mapeamento de pequenos cultivos de cacau, bem como discutir as relações espaciais dos mesmos no contexto do município de Tomé-Açu, Estado do Pará. Para isso, foi construída uma base de dados na plataforma QGIS, destinada à manipulação e à análise de dados georreferenciados. O mapeamento dos cultivos de cacau considerou mosaico de imagens PlanetScope, bandas 1, 2 e 3, ano de 2017, com resolução espacial de 3 m. As imagens foram classificadas por análise visual preliminar, considerando padrões espaciais e espectrais. O produto obtido foi refinado posteriormente a partir de mapeamentos participativos com atores locais. Verificou-se que as áreas com cacau se concentram em propriedades de até 50 ha, valor este relativo ao módulo fiscal definido para a área de estudo. Foram registrados quase 4 mil hectares de cultivos de cacau no ano de 2017. Os plantios de cacau estão concentrados próximos à malha viária, em áreas agrícolas consolidadas, distantes das frentes pioneiras de expansão agrícola