हालोथूरियनों का जैवप्रौद्योगिकी महत्व

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Reproductive aspects, larval and Juvenile rearing of Holothuria (Theelothuria) spinifera Theel

As in many Indo-Pacific countries, sea cucumbers form an important part of a mullispedes fishery in India. Beche-de-mer exported from India during the period 1992-2000, varied from 10.5 to 140 tonnes (t) and ranked first among the dried marine products. The beche-de-mer industry mainly depends on two spedes of Holothuria: H. scabra and H. spinifera. Beche-de-mer exports have declined from 70 t in 19%-1997 to 3.8 t in 2001. Due to overexploitation, the Ministry of Environment, Government of India, has banned both the fishing and export of sea cucumbers since June 2001

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Unusual colour pattern among Holothuria scabra

Holothuria scabra commonly called sand fish, is one of the most commercially important and widely distributed holothurian species, chiefly distributed along Gulf of Mannar, Palk Bay and Andaman and Nicobar Islands along the Indian coast and is considered to be an ideal candidate for natural stock restoration programme

Aging brain: Prevention of oxidative stress by vitamin E and exercise

With aging, the brain undergoes neuronal loss in many areas. Although the loss of cells in the cerebral cortex, in particular the frontal cortex, has been recognized with aging, the influence of synaptic losses has a larger impact on cognitive decline. Much of the recent research on animals, as well as humans, has been aimed at slowing the cognitive decline through enrichment, and it has been found that the key factors are antioxidants and exercise. Several reports support the concept that regular supplementation of vitamin E and physical activity from as early as middle age can slow the cognitive decline observed during the later years. A few studies have also suggested that exercise is analogous to acetylcholine esterase inhibitors that are also used extensively to treat cognitive impairment and dementia in Alzheimer's disease. In addition, reports also support that vitamin E and exercise may act synergistically to overcome free radical injury and oxidative stress in the aging brain. ©2009 with author. Published by TheScientificWorld

Effects of training on the extent of experimental myocardial infarction in aging rats

The effects of exercise on the severity of isoproterenol [7683-​59-​2]​-​induced myocardial infarction were studied in female albino rats of 20, 40, 60, and 80 wk of age. The rats were trained to swim for a specific duration and for a particular period. The occurrence of infarcts were confirmed by histol. methods. Elevations in the serum glutamate-​oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) [9000-​97-​9] and glutamate-​pyruvate transaminase (GPT) [9000-​86-​6] were max. in the sedentary-​isoproterenols and min. in the exercise controls. These changes in the serum transaminases were assocd. with corresponding depletions in the cardiac GOT and GPT. However, age interfered with the responses exhibited by the young and old rats

Reproductive biology of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India

The annual reproductive cycle of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera was studied in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India, from September 2000 to October 2001, by macroscopic and microscopic examination of gonad tubule, gonad index and histology of gametogenic stages, to determine the spawning pattern. The gonad consists of long tubules with uniform development. It does not confirm the progressive tubule recruitment model described for other holothurians. The maximum percentage of mature animals, gonad and fecundity indices, tubule length and diameter, with the observations on gonad histology, ascertained that H. spinifera had the peak gametogenic activity during September and October 2001 followed by a prolonged spawning period from November 2000–March 2001