5 research outputs found

    Les esters cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxyliques et les dérivés cyclopropaniques 1,2,3-substitués : synthÚses et applications

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    Les cyclopropanes sont des motifs d’une grande importance puisqu’ils sont prĂ©sents dans plusieurs molĂ©cules biologiquement actives en plus d’ĂȘtre de puissants intermĂ©diaires dans la synthĂšse de molĂ©cules complexes. Au cours de cet ouvrage, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© une nouvelle mĂ©thode gĂ©nĂ©rale pour la synthĂšse d’ylures d’iodonium de malonates, soit d’importants prĂ©curseurs d’esters cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxyliques. Ainsi, Ă  l’aide de ces ylures, une mĂ©thode trĂšs efficace pour la synthĂšse d’esters cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxyliques racĂ©miques a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©e. Des travaux ont aussi Ă©tĂ© entrepris pour la synthĂšse Ă©nantiosĂ©lective de ces composĂ©s. Par ailleurs, les esters cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxyliques ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s dans le dĂ©veloppement de deux nouvelles mĂ©thodologies, soit dans une rĂ©action de cycloaddition (3+3) avec des imines d’azomĂ©thines et dans la formation d’allĂšnes par l’addition-1,7 de cuprates. Nous avons aussi poursuivi l’étude synthĂ©tique du cylindrocyclophane F impliquant l’utilisation de cyclopropanes pour le contrĂŽle des centres chiraux. Ainsi l’addition-1,5 d’un cuprate sur un ester cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylique a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e comme l’une des Ă©tapes clĂ©s de notre synthĂšse. L’autre centre chiral a pu ĂȘtre contrĂŽlĂ© par l’hydrogĂ©nolyse sĂ©lective d’un cyclopropylmĂ©thanol. Ces Ă©tudes ont, par ailleurs, menĂ© au dĂ©veloppement d’une nouvelle rĂ©action d’arylcyclopropanation Ă©nantiosĂ©lective utilisant des carbĂ©noĂŻdes de zinc gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©s in situ Ă  partir de rĂ©actifs diazoĂŻques. Cette mĂ©thode permet d’accĂ©der trĂšs efficacement aux cyclopropanes 1,2,3-substituĂ©s. De plus, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© la premiĂšre rĂ©action de Simmons-Smith catalytique en zinc menant Ă  un produit Ă©nantioenrichi.Cyclopropanes are important scaffolds as they are present in many biologically actives compounds and they are useful intermediates in the synthesis of complex molecules. In this thesis, we developed a novel general method for the synthesis of iodonium ylides of malonates, which are important precursors in the synthesis of cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylic esters. From these ylides, a method to generate racemic cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylic esters very efficiently was developed. Further works was also achieved on an asymmetric version of this reaction. Cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylic esters were used to develop two new methods: a (3+3) cycloaddition reaction with azomethine imines and the formation of allenes by the 1,7-addition of cuprates. We also continued our studies towards the total synthesis of cylindrocyclophane F, which use the cyclopropanes to control all chiral centers. The 1,5-addition of a cuprate on a cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylic ester was utilized as one of the key steps of our synthesis. The other chiral centre was controlled by the hydrogenolysis of a cyclopropylmethanol. Moreover, these studies led to the development of a novel highly enantioselective arylcyclopropanation reaction using zinc carbenoids generated in situ from diazo compounds. This method allows the efficient access to 1,2,3-substituted cyclopropanes. Moreover, we developed the first Simmons-Smith reaction using a catalytic amount of zinc to produce an enantioenriched product

    Études synthĂ©tiques du cylindrocyclophane F

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    Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothÚques de l'Université de Montréal

    Structural Basis for alpha-Helix Mimicry and Inhibition of Protein-Protein Interactions with Oligourea Foldamers

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    Efficient optimization of a peptide lead into a drug candidate frequently needs further transformation to augment properties such as bioavailability. Among the different options, foldamers, which are sequence-based oligomers with precise folded conformation, have emerged as a promising technology. We introduce oligourea foldamers to reduce the peptide character of inhibitors of protein-protein interactions (PPI). However, the precise design of such mimics is currently limited by the lack of structural information on how these foldamers adapt to protein surfaces. We report a collection of X-ray structures of peptide-oligourea hybrids in complex with ubiquitin ligase MDM2 and vitamin D receptor and show how such hybrid oligomers can be designed to bind with high affinity to protein targets. This work should enable the generation of more effective foldamer-based disruptors of PPIs in the context of peptide lead optimization
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