La experiencia constitucional gaditana y la Constitución portuguesa de 1822

Very soon, the 1812 Constitution of Cádiz became an archetype, the pattern to be followed by the liberalism, not only European but also Hispano-American. Consequently, when the liberal revolution took over in Portugal, there is little wonder that the text from Cádiz was taken in careful consideration in order to draft theConstitution. However, the Portuguese Constitution of 1822 introduced new and very important concepts with respect to the Spanish one, ten years older. In order to explain these changes it has been argued that the intention of the Portuguese constituents was to produce a more liberal draft than the 1812 Spanish Constitution. The present work deals with the hypotheses that the amendments introduced by authors of the 1822 Constitution were mainly due to their sound knowledge of the day-by-day political life of the Liberal Trienium, with the political and legal problems that the application of 1812 Spanish Constitution was bringing in the daily practice.La Constitución de Cádiz de 1812 se convirtió muy pronto en el arquetipo o modelo a seguir no sólo por el liberalismo europeo, sino también por el hispanoamericano. No es de extrañar, en consecuencia, que cuando triunfó la revolución liberal en Portugal, el Texto gaditano fuera muy tenido en cuenta a la hora de redactar la Constitución. Sin embargo, la Constitución portuguesa de 1822 introdujo importantes novedades con respecto a la Gaditana de 1812. Estos cambios se han intentando explicar desde la idea de que los constituyentes portugueses quisieron hacer una Constitución más liberal que la española. En este trabajo se parte de la hipótesis de que las modificaciones introducidas por los autores de la Constitución de 1822 obedecieron principalmente al buen conocimiento de la realidad política del Trienio Liberal y a los problemas político jurídicos que la aplicación de la Constitución de 1812 estaba ocasionando en la práctica

JUAN MANZANO Y MANZANO (1911-2004)

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Symbiosis numerical - hydraulic models

Peer Reviewe

A ferrofluid-based sensor to measure bottom shear stresses under currents and waves

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis Group in Journal of Hydraulic Research on 2018, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/00221686.2017.1397779The measurement of the near-bottom flow characteristics is crucial to correctly understand coastal processes. To overcome some of the limits of present state-of-the-art measuring instruments, we propose a novel approach to measure bottom shear stress under currents and waves based on the exploitation of magneto-rheological fluids, named ferrofluids. In particular, the deformation of a magnetically controlled ferrofluid drop O(0.01 ml) is transformed by a conditioning circuit into an output voltage which is proportional to the bottom shear stress. Calibration curves are presented for both steady-current and regular wave conditions, over fixed and weakly mobile beds, showing that the behaviour of the proposed measuring system can be assumed linear. In the range of the investigated parameters, it is shown that the working range is comprised between 0.08 N m-2 and an upper limit which is a function of the controlling magnetic field and the flow type.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

En torno al Derecho indiano vulgar.

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Presentación

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Una aportación a la Historia de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. El Departamento de Historia del Derecho (1967-2008)

El presente estudio se plantea la validez de la estructura departamental en el organigrama de la Universidad española. Si realmente los Departamentos han cumplido las expectativas del legislador a la hora de definirlos como “unidades fundamentales de enseñanza e investigación”. Para ello se ha procedido al análisis de la vida de un Departamento durante 40 años a la vista de los textos legales y de la realidad vivida de cada día, reflejada en las actas del Consejo de Departamento.The present study considers the validity of the departmental structure in the Spanish University’s organizational chart. If the Departments have really fulfilled the expectations of the legislator who defined them like “fundamental units of education and investigation”. Analysis of a Department’s life during 40 years in view of legal texts and of the reality lived in every day’s life, as reflected in the acts of the Council of Department.La présente étude se pose la question de la validité de la structure départementale dans l’organigramme de l’Université espagnole. Si les Départements ont accompli réellement les espoirs du législateur au moment de les définir comme “ unités fondamentales d’enseignement et recherche ”. Pour cela on a procédé à l’analyse de la vie d’un Département pendant 40 années, depuis les textes légaux et de la réalité quotidienne, telle qu’elle se refléte dans les actes du Conseil du Département

Braulio Díaz Sampedro: Revisionismo jurídico en las constituciones eclesiásticas del siglo XIX, Madrid, Fundación Universitaria Española, 2008

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Comparison between nested grids and unstructured grids for a high-resolution wave forecasting system in the western Mediterranean sea

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis Group in Journal of Operational Oceanography on 2017, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/1755876X.2016.1260389Traditionally wave modelling uses a downscaling process by means of successive nested grids to obtain high-resolution wave fields near the coast. This supposes an uncertain error due to internal boundary conditions and a long computational time. Unstructured grids avoid multiple meshes and thus the problem of internal boundary conditions. In the present study high resolution wave simulations are analysed for a full year where high-resolution meteorological models were available in the Catalan coast. This coastal case presents sharp gradients in bathymetry and orography and therefore correspondingly sharp variations in the wind and wave fields. Simulations with SWAN v.4091A using a traditional nested sequence and a regional unstructured grid have been compared. Also a local unstructured grid nested in an operational forecast system is included in the analysis. The obtained simulations are compared to wave observations from buoys near the coast; almost no differences are found between the unstructured grids and the regular grids. Simultaneously, tests have been carried out in order to analyse the computational time required for each of the alternatives, showing a decrease to less than half the time when working with regional unstructured grids and maintaining the forecast accuracy and coastal resolution with respect to the downscaling system.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft