Callus induction and bioactive phenolic compounds production from Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) DC. (Malpighiaceae)

ABSTRACT -This study developed a methodology for callus induction in leaf segments of B. verbascifolia and evaluated the bioactive phenolic compounds production. Leaf explants were cultured in MS medium with 30 g L -1 sucrose, solidified with 7 g L -1 agar supplemented with 2,4-D (0; 4.52; 9.05; 18.10 M) and BAP (0; 4.44; 8.88; 17.75 M ) in the presence and absence of light. Forty-five days after inoculation we assessed the percentage of callus induction, color, consistency, fresh and dry matter, total phenols, flavonoids, tannins contents, and chromatographic profile by HPLC-DAD method. Callus induction occurred only in medium with growth regulators. Maximal induction (100%) was found in medium containing 2,4-D combined with BAP in the presence and absence of light. We obtained friable and compact callus in yellow, green, and red. Culture media containing 4.52 M 2,4-D + 4.44 M BAP induced 100% of friable callus with higher fresh and dry weight in the absence of light. The callus produced higher amounts of total phenols and flavonoids than the initial explant

Synthesis and Characterization of Cooper(II) and Tin(IV) complexes with (N,S) and (N,N) ambidentate Ligands

Este trabalho envolveu a síntese e caracterização de novos compostos derivados de reações entre organoestânicos, SnCl 4 , CuCl 2 e [Cu(CH 3 COO) 2 ] com os ligantes bis- (2-mercaptopirimidil) alcanos de fórmula geral pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym (n = 1, 2, 6) e, a base de Schiff N, N'-bis-piridin-2-il-metileno-etano-1,2-diamina de fórmula pyCN- (CH 2 ) 2 -NCpy. Os compostos foram caracterizados via Espectroscopia no Infravermelho, H, 13 C, 119 Sn RMN e Espectroscopia Eletrônica, Cromatografia por Exclusão Molecular (GPC), Termogravimetria (TG), Calorimetria Diferencial Exploratória (DSC), Microanálise e Ponto de fusão. Os produtos derivados da reação entre o SnClPh 3 ou SnCl 2 Ph 2 com o pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym são pentacoordenados os quais tem o metal formando uma ligação via o átomo de enxofre no primeiro e no segundo. O mesmo não ocorreu nas reações entre o SnCl 3 Ph e SnCl 4 com estes ligantes, onde o metal encontra- se hexacoordenado e quelatado via os átomos de enxofre e nitrogênio. A reação entre o SnClPh 3 com o pyCN-(CH 2 ) 2 -NCpy originou um complexo pentacoordenado no estado sólido bem como em solução via o nitrogênio azo. Os derivados envolvendo os precursores SnCl 2 Ph 2 , SnCl 3 Ph e SnCl 4 são hexacoordenados em solução formando ligações via os nitrogênios azo e piridínico do ligante. A cromatografia por exclusão molecular (GPC) sugere uma pequena polimerização dos derivados da reação entre o SnCl 2 Ph 2 , e o SnCl 4 com a base de Schiff pyCN(CH 2 ) 2 NCpy. As reações entre os precursores de cobre(II) com o pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym (n = 1, 2) levou a formação de novos compostos nos quais o metal encontra-se coordenado via o átomo de enxofre e o átomo de cloro. A análise por exclusão molecular mostrou a formação de um polímero de massa molecular média de 41511 g/mol resultante da reação entre o CuCl 2 e o pymS- (CH 2 )-Spym. Entretanto, a reação com o [Cu(CH 3 COO) 2 ] não levou a formação de polímeros. Infelizmente nenhuma evidência segundo a mesma técnica até o momento pôde ser inferida para o derivado entre o CuCl 2 com o pymS-(CH 2 ) 2 -Spym. De uma maneira geral a acidez dos precursores de estanho influíram no modo de coordenação com o pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym (n = 1, 2, 6) preferindo a quelatação com o aumento da acidez. Para os derivados do cobre, a preferência para coordenação ocorreu via o átomo de enxofre.The achievement in this work concerns the synthesis and characterization of novel compounds derivatives of organotin, SnCl 4 , CuCl 2 and [Cu(CH 3 COO) 2 ] with bis- (2-mercaptopyrimidil)alkanes of general formula pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym (n = 1, 2, 6) and, the Schiff base N,N'-bis-pyridin-2-il-methylene-ethane-1,2-diamine, pyCN-(CH 2 ) 2 - NCpy. The resulting products were characterized by Infrared, 1 H, 13 C, 119 Sn NMR and, Electronic Spectroscopy. In addition, Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) Thermogravimetry (TG), Melting point, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Microanalysis. The derivative compounds of reaction between SnClPh 3 as well as SnCl 2 Ph 2 and pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym have 5-fold coordination whereas the tin atom is bound through sulphur in the former and in the latter. The same did not happen by reacting SnCl 3 Ph and SnCl 4 with those ligands where the metal is 6-coordinated forming a chelate through sulphur and nitrogen atoms. The reaction between SnClPh 3 and pyCN-(CH 2 ) 2 -NCpy have given a 5-fold coordination compound in solid state as well as in solution through the azo nitrogen. The derivatives of SnCl 2 Ph 2 , SnCl 3 Ph and SnCl 4 , however, have 6-fold coordination in solution with the metal bound to the azo nitrogen as well as to the pyridine moiety of the ligand. In addition, the resulting data obtained by DSC have pointed out a degree of polymerization involving the derivatives of reaction between SnCl 2 Ph 2 as well as SnCl 4 and the Schiff base pyCN-(CH 2 ) 2 -NCpy. The chemical reaction involving the copper(II) precursors and pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym (n = 1, 2) has afforded new compounds in which the metal is bound to the sulphur and chloride moiety. The gel permeation chromatography has given evidence for a polymer formation with an average molar mass of 41511 g/mol as result of reaction between CuCl 2 and pymS-(CH 2 )-Spym. However, the reaction involving [Cu(CH 3 COO) 2 ] did not achieve polymerization. Unfortunately no evidence of polymer formation has been accomplished by the same technique on the reaction product derivative of CuCl 2 and pymS-(CH 2 ) 2 -Spym. As a general fact, the acidity of the tin precursors seems to have an influence on the coordination of those towards pymS-(CH 2 )n-Spym (n = 1, 2, 6) whereas the chelation is favored with the increase of the acid character. Nevertheless the copper derivatives have shown a preference of bonding the sulphur atom.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorTese antig

Influence of plant growth regulators and light on callus induction and bioactive phenolic compounds production in <i>Pyrostegia venusta</i> (Bignoniaceae)

584-590Callus culture allows production of bioactive compounds in a short time when there is limited availability of natural sources. In this work, we analyzed the influence of plant growth regulators and light on callus induction and the phenolic compounds contents in the calli of Pyrostegia venusta. Leaf explants were placed on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in the presence and absence of light. Callus induction was observed in media with plant growth regulators. The calli’s colour and consistency ranged from green and compact to yellow and friable, respectively in the presence and absence of light. The interaction between 4.52 µM 2,4-D and 8.88 µM BAP in the absence of light provided the best friable calli, with total phenol and flavonoid contents at 0.25 ± 0.01 µg ATE mg-1 DW and 0.15 ± 0.02 µg RE mg-1 DW, respectively. Calli presented higher flavonoid contents than those in the initial explants. HPLC-DAD analyses showed bioactive phenolic compounds as gallic, caffeic and benzoic acid derivatives in hydromethanolic extracts of calli

Callus induction and bioactive phenolic compounds production from Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) DC. (Malpighiaceae)

ABSTRACT This study developed a methodology for callus induction in leaf segments of B. verbascifolia and evaluated the bioactive phenolic compounds production. Leaf explants were cultured in MS medium with 30 g L-1 sucrose, solidified with 7 g L- 1 agar supplemented with 2,4-D (0; 4.52; 9.05; 18.10 µM) and BAP (0; 4.44; 8.88; 17.75 µM ) in the presence and absence of light. Forty-five days after inoculation we assessed the percentage of callus induction, color, consistency, fresh and dry matter, total phenols, flavonoids, tannins contents, and chromatographic profile by HPLC-DAD method. Callus induction occurred only in medium with growth regulators. Maximal induction (100%) was found in medium containing 2,4-D combined with BAP in the presence and absence of light. We obtained friable and compact callus in yellow, green, and red. Culture media containing 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 4.44 µM BAP induced 100% of friable callus with higher fresh and dry weight in the absence of light. The callus produced higher amounts of total phenols and flavonoids than the initial explant. Total tannins were detected only in callus induced in media containing 17.75 µM BAP and 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 17.75 µM BAP, and were not found in the initial explant. The bioactive phenolic compounds detected are derived from benzoic, p-coumaric, cinnamic, gallic acids, and catechins

Tapirira guianensis is selectively cytotoxic, induces apoptosis to the glioblastoma and decreases tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo

Glioblastoma is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor without effective treatment, which makes this work extremely relevant. The study of the bioactive compounds from medicinal plants plays an important role in the discovery of new drugs.This research investigated the constituents of Tapirira guianensis and its antitumor potential (in vitro and in vivo) in glioblastoma. The T. guianensis extracts were characterized by mass spectrometry. The ethyl acetate partition (01ID) and its fractions 01ID-F2 and 01ID-F4 from T. guianensis showed potential antitumor treatment evidenced by selective cytotoxicity for GAMG with IC50 14.1 µg/mL, 83.07 µg/mL, 59.27 µg/mL and U251 with IC50 25.92 µg/mL, 37.3 µg/mL and 18.84 µg/mL. Fractions 01ID-F2 and 01ID-F4 were 10 times more selective when compared to TMZ and 01ID for the two evaluated cell lines. T. guianensis also reduced matrix metalloproteinases 2 - 01ID-F2 (21.84%), 01ID-F4 (29.6%) and 9 - 01ID-F4 (73.42%), ID-F4 (53.84%) activities, and induced apoptosis mainly through the extrinsic pathway. Furthermore, all treatments significantly reduced tumor size (01ID p < 0,01, 01ID-F2 p < 0,01 and 01ID-F4 p < 0,0001) and caused blood vessels to shrink in vivo. The present findings highlight that T. guianensis exhibits considerable antitumor potential in preclinical studies of glioblastoma. This ability may be related to the phenolic compounds and sesquiterpene derivatives identified in the extracts. This study deserves further in vivo research, followed by clinical investigation