Características de liderazgo en el deporte de judo

This work presents some of the main results obtained from the trainers version of the Leadership Scale (LSS), which was adapted for judo from Chelladurai and Salehs Leadership Scale (1980) and Crespo, Balaguer, and Atienzas Spanish version of the scale for tennis (1994). The scale was administered to a sample of 26 highly-experienced and highly qualified competition judo trainers of both genders currently training in Spain. The results showed a remarkable similarity to previous studies in terms of scores and the correlation analyses between factors. However, the scores on the Social Support factor are significantly higher in this study and the internal consistency values and reliability indices also seem to be higher for the judo LSS

Diferencias en personalidad en función de la práctica o no deportiva, nivel de competición y categoría por edad en jugadores de fútbol desde el modelo de Costa y McCrae

The objective of this study was to help clarify the study of athletes' personality on the basis of Costa and McCrae's model (1995). to this end, personality differences according to participation or abstention from sport, competitive level and sport category by the athletes' age. the sample consisted of 155 high-level football players (cadets, youth and adults), 33 (adult) amateur footballers and 32 (adult) non-athletes. the results indicate that the high-level adult athletes were more extraverted, emotionally stable and responsible than the amateur adult athletes and adult non-athletes. In addition, top adult athletes were more emotionally stable than young players. Also, high-level adult footballers were more open to the experience than the cadets or young players. And lastly, high-level adult players were more responsible than cadet players. the results are discussed on the basis of the "gullible perspectives vs. sceptical perspectives" and "development vs. selection hypothesis"El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es el de contribuir al esclarecimiento del estudio de la personalidad de los deportistas desde el modelo de Costa y McCrae (1995). Para ello, se estudia las diferencias en personalidad en función de la práctica o no deportiva, nivel competitivo y categoría deportiva por edad de los deportistas. La muestra estaba constituida por 155 jugadores de fútbol de alto nivel (cadetes, juveniles y adultos), 33 jugadores de fútbol amateurs (adultos) y 32 no deportistas (adultos). Los resultados indican que los deportistas de alto nivel adultos son más extravertidos, estables emocionalmente y responsables que los deportistas amateurs adultos y no deportistas adultos. Además, los deportistas de alto nivel adultos son más estables emocionalmente que los jugadores juveniles. también, los jugadores de alto nivel adultos tienen una mayor apertura a la experiencia que los jugadores cadetes y juveniles. y por último, los jugadores de alto nivel adultos son más responsables que los jugadores cadetes. se discuten los resultados a partir de las "perspectivas crédulas vs. escépticas" e "hipótesis de desarrollo vs. selección"

Psychological characteristics of developing excellence in mixed martial arts athletes

8th IMACSSS International Conference Abstracts, Viseu (Portugal), October 10-12, 2019 Type: Oral communicationThe aim of this study was to describe the perception of sports talent and excellence development in a sample of MMA fighters, and compare the obtained results with those of previous studies. A total of 42 adult (male and female) MMA athletes of several levels (amateur, semi-professional and professional) participated in the study. A socio-demographic questionnaire and the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire – PCDEQ were used for collecting data. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and student’s t-test for means comparison. In general, MMA athletes obtained higher scores than those reported by samples of other sports in previous studies, and more specifically in factors I - Support for long-term success, II - Imagery use during practice and competition, and IV - Ability to organise and engage in quality practice. This can be explained due to the higher average age of our sample and the professional or semi-professional level already achieved by many of the MMA fighters. The study also revealed that MMA fighters may need specific psychological training related to factor III - Coping with performance and developmental pressures

Personalidad Resistente en Carreras de Fondo : comparativa entre ultra fondo y diez kilómetros

Hardiness is an individual characteristic which allows to coping with life stressors and turning them into advantages (Kobasa, 1979; Maddi, 2006). Their components of Commitment, Control & Challenge can protect the athletes against the unpredictable circumstances of endurance running. The purpose of this study was to compare for the first time the hardiness levels between two groups of endurance runners and to determinate if this levels were related with a successful race performance. Volunteers 130 (69 ultra trail and 61 10.06K) runners, ranged in age from 20 to 56 years (M = 35.4, SD = 7.3), who completed the 30-item Hardiness for Marathoners Scale (EPRM) (Jaenes, Godoy and Román, 2008) during the day race. Mean analysis comparison revealed that there was no differences in hardiness levels between the two groups (Z = .280, p = .77), the fastest ultra trail race times were independent from high hardiness levels (r = -.072, p = .30). Moreover, no differences in hardiness were found between ultra runners who finished the race and those who drop out (p = .78). The results suggest that high Hardiness levels are a psychological characteristic of long distance runners. Furthermore, sport performance was not related with high Hardiness levels

Anxiety levels in judokas participating in the 41th InterArmy Military Championship of Judo 2017 Abstract

I Congreso Nacional de Entrenadores de Judo, Murcia (España), July 13‐15Los objetivos del estudio fueron: describir los niveles de ansiedad en judokas de competición participantes en el 41º Campeonato Militar de Judo Interjércitos del año 2017; establecer posibles diferencias en los niveles de ansiedad hallados en función del sexo y el peso; y establecer posibles relaciones entre los niveles de ansiedad hallados y el puesto ocupado en campeonato individual. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por 28 judokas (18 hombres y 10 mujeres) pertenecientes a dos equipos participantes en el Campeonato (Ejército de Tierra y Guardia Civil), siendo la edad media de la muestra de 34.29 años (DT=5.12). De forma previa a la competición se administró el cuestionario de ansiedad ISRA‐B versión Respuestas. Los resultados mostraron que los judokas evaluados presentaron menores niveles de ansiedad cognitiva (p<.05), ansiedad fisiológica (p<.001) y ansiedad motora (p<.001) al compararlos con otras muestras de deportistas. Asimismo, se hallaron diferencias significativas en los niveles ansiedad en función del sexo, obteniendo mayores niveles de ansiedad motora el grupo de mujeres (p<.05). En función del peso sólo se mostraron resultados significativos en judokas masculinos (p<.05), donde los más pesados presentaron mayores niveles de ansiedad cognitiva (p<.05). Sólo se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre los niveles de ansiedad motora y el puesto obtenido en competición en el grupo masculino (rho= diferenciales considerando las ‐.635; p<.05). Los resultados confirman la necesidad de realizar intervenciones psicológicas variables sexo y categoría de pesoThe aims of this study were: to describe the anxiety levels of competitive judokas who participated in the 41st Inter‐army Military Championship of Judo, year 2017; to detect differences in anxiety levels depending on sex and weight categories; to explore if there was a relation between the anxiety levels and the judokas’ final results at the tournament. The sample was composed of 28 judokas (18 men and 10 women) belonging to two teams (Army and Guardia Civil), having an average age of 34.29 years (SD = 5.12). Before competition, the ISRA‐B questionnaire, answers version, was administered. The results showed that judokas had lower levels of cognitive anxiety (p<.05), physiological anxiety (p<.001) and motor anxiety (p<.001) than other samples of athletes. Likewise, there were significant differences in anxiety levels according to sex, having women higher levels of motor anxiety in (p<.05). In terms of weight, only significant results were found in male judokas (p<.05), where the heavier judokas had higher levels of cognitive anxiety (p<.05). Only significant correlations were found between motor anxiety levels and the position obtained in competition in the male group (rho = ‐.635, p<.05)ventions considering the sex and weight . The results confirmed the necessity to perform differential psychological intercategory variable

Psychological characteristics of developing excellence in mixed martial arts athletes

[EN] The aim of this study was to describe the perception of sports talent and excellence development in a sample of MMA fighters, and compare the obtained results with those of previous studies. A total of 42 adult (male and female) MMA athletes of several levels (amateur, semi-professional and professional) participated in the study. A socio-demographic questionnaire and the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire – PCDEQ were used for collecting data. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and student’s t-test for means comparison. In general, MMA athletes obtained higher scores than those reported by samples of other sports in previous studies, and more specifically in factors I - Support for long-term success, II - Imagery use during practice and competition, and IV - Ability to organise and engage in quality practice. This can be explained due to the higher average age of our sample and the professional or semi-professional level already achieved by many of the MMA fighters. The study also revealed that MMA fighters may need specific psychological training related to factor III - Coping with performance and developmental pressures

Diferencias de personalidad en entrenadores desde el modelo de Costa y McCrae

El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer el perfil de personalidad de los entrenadores, las diferencias en función de su éxito profesional, edad y los años de experiencia como entrenador. Para ello, se aplicó el Inventario de Personalidad NEO (NEO-FFI; Costa y McCrae, 2008) a 32 entrenadores (hombres) con una edad comprendida entre los 25 y 59 años (M=36.63; d.t.= 8.69). Los resultados indican que los entrenadores de éxito obtienen significativamente mayores puntuaciones en el rasgo Amabilidad(p&lt;.001) y una tendencia a la significación estadística en el factor Responsabilidad (p&lt;.10), donde los entrenadores obtienen menores puntuacionesque la población normal de referencia. Además, no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la personalidad de los entrenadores en funcióndel éxito profesional. Por último, los entrenadores de menos años de experiencia tienen mayores puntuaciones en el rasgo Amabilidad (p&lt;.05) y menores puntuaciones en el rasgo Neuroticismo (p&lt;.05) que los entrenadores de mayor experiencia deportiva. Se concluye que el ejercicio profesional y prolongado del rol del entrenador acentúa cierto tipo de personalidad

Personalidad y rendimiento deportivo en jugadores de fútbol desde el modelo de Millon

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la relación entre la personalidad, el rendimiento y la variabilidad deportiva. Para ello, se aplicó el MIPS (Millón, 2001) a 87 jugadores de fútbol de rendimiento de la Comunidad de Madrid (18-26 años) y se registraron diferentes acciones del juego durante 12 partidos de liga.  Los resultados indican que existe un perfil de personalidad que obtienen un mayor rendimiento deportivo y estabilidad del mismo a lo largo del tiempo, caracterizado por: dentro de la dimensión Metas Motivacionales, es muy optimista (Expansión), muy activo (Modificación) y tiende a satisfacer las propias metas (Individualidad) y la de los demás (Protección); en cuanto a la dimensión Modos Cognitivos, está muy centrado en fuentes externas de estimulación (Extraversión), procesa la información tanto a nivel racional (Pensamiento) como emocional (Sentimiento) y tiene una alta tendencia a procesar la información desde esquemas previos de conocimientos (Sistematización); en la dimensión Relaciones Interpersonales, es muy sociable (Sociabilidad), tiene una alta competencia y seguridad en sí mismo (Decisión), alta cooperación, respeto con la autoridad y normas sociales (Conformismo), dominio (Dominio) y establece buenos vínculos con los demás (Aquiescencia). Se concluye que, desde una "hipótesis bilateral" de la personalidad, se requieren ciertas características para hacer frente a la demanda deportiva, rendir a un mayor nivel y ser estable a lo largo del tiempo, por lo que se estaría hablando de una "hipótesis de rendimiento"

Exercise addiction in Spanish athletes: Investigation of the roles of gender, social context and level of involvement

Background and aims: In nomothetic research exercise addiction is studied on the basis of symptoms which are most often linked to exercise volume. However, other factors may also affect individuals’ susceptibility to the disorder. The aim of this research was to examine the influence of gender, social context (team or individual sport), and level of athletic training on symptoms of exercise addiction. Methods: Two groups of university athletes — sport- (n = 57) and non-sport orientation (n = 90) — and a group of elite ultra-marathon runners (n = 95) completed the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI). The psychometric properties of the Spanish EAI were determined. Results: EAI scores were higher in men than women (p =.018). Participants in team sports reported higher EAI scores than individual athletes (p =.005). Elite runners scored higher on the EAI than university athletes (p =.005), but their scores were unrelated to the volume of training. The prevalence of "at risk" for exercise addiction was 7%–10% in university athletes and 17% among the ultra-marathon runners. The Spanish EAI showed good psychometric properties. Discussion: The results of the current inquiry show that several factors — including gender, level of athletic training, and social context of the training — affect exercise addiction and, in line with the literature, the volume of exercise did not emerge as an index of susceptibility to exercise addiction