A Rylean amendment to the cognitive theory of emotions

Este trabajo presenta una comparación entre los aspectos más básicos de la llamada teoría cognitiva de las emociones y el análisis y clasificación del concepto de emoción llevado a cabo por Gilbert Ryle en The Concept of Mind. Mi objetivo es doble. Se trata de mostrar que la propuesta ryleana sobre las emociones i) puede dar cuenta de las principales exigencias planteadas, con razón, desde la teoría cognitiva sobre cualquier teoría de las emociones, y ii) permite solucionar algunos problemas de la teoría cognitiva.This paper presents a comparison between the most fundamental aspects of the cognitive theory of emotions and the analysis and classification of the concept of emotion put forward by Gilbert Ryle in The Concept of Mind. My aim is twofold. I aim to argue that Ryle's proposal on emotions i) fulfills the main requirements rightly imposed on any new theory of cognitive emotion and ii) can solve some of the problems of the cognitive theory of emotion

Importancia de las lagunas temporales para la conservación de la biodiversidad de artrópodos edáficos en zonas agrícolas de Castilla-la Mancha

El presente trabajo tiene como objeto el estudio comparativo de las comunidades de artrópodos edáficos en dos lagunas temporales de Castilla-La Mancha, empleándose trampas de caída de acción continua. En las zonas de estudio se distinguieron áreas con diferentes características ambientales. Se realizaron estudios de frecuencia, abundancia, riqueza y análisis multivariante para establecer las preferencias de los grupos encontrados por determinados hábitats. Con los resultados obtenidos podemos señalar que las lagunas temporales favorecen la conservación y biodiversidad de determinados grupos de artrópodos edáficos.The aim of this work is the comparative study of the soil arthropod communities in two transient lagoons from Castilla-La Mancha, by the use of pit-fall type traps. In the study areas sites with different environmental characteristics were identified. Analysis of frequency, abundance and richness and multivariate analyses were performed to detect preferences for particular habitats among the groups found. The results show that the transient lagoons favour the conservation and biodiversity of certain groups of edaphic arthropods

Viviendas campesinas prehispánicas del valle de Totonicapán, Guatemala.

Sin resume

Is Metalinguistic Usage a Conversational Implicature?

UIDB/00183/2020 UIDP/00183/2020I argue against the view that metalinguistic usage is a form of conversational implicature. That view, suggested by Thomasson (Anal Philos 57(4):1-28, 2016) and Belleri (Philos Stud 174(9):2211–2226, 2017), has been most recently fleshed out by Mankowitz (Synthese 199:5603–5622, 2021). I provide two types of criticism to the implicature view. From an empirical point of view, metalinguistic usage differs in key respects from standard cases of conversational implicature. From a conceptual standpoint, I argue that the calculation algorithm provided by the implicature view makes undesirable predictions. Although my main objective is negative, I end the paper by sketching an alternative neo-Stalnakerian view of metalinguistic usage, that can be gathered from work by Barker (Linguist Philos 25(1):1–36, 2002; Inquiry 56(2–3):240–257, 2013) and others.publishersversionpublishe

Design of algorithms for the construction of 3-dimensional models of the human crystalline lens

Quantification of the anterior segment of the human eye (cornea, iris, and crystalline lens) is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of common eye conditions such as presbyopia and cataracts. Quantification requires measurement of patient’s eye and the construction of accurate 3-D models from these measurements. Measurements are usually obtained using a non-invasive high-resolution optical imaging technique known as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). From these measurements, one of the most relevant steps to obtain accurate 3-D models is the development of high-quality and reliable image segmentation algorithms. In this bachelor’s thesis we first describe state-of-the-art image segmentation algorithms of the anterior segment of the eye, which are based on traditional image processing techniques. Also, we present a discussion about their results and shortcomings. Then, we present the main goal of this project: to improve the performance and address the shortcomings of the traditional image processing-based segmentation algorithms. To do so, an image segmentation model based on deep learning was created. A comparison between both image segmentation models will be carried out. The results obtained show that model performance and reliability, key aspects for the quantification of anterior segment of the human eye, are superior using deep learning. The proposed deep learning model could have a strong positive impact on the quantification of the human eye, which in turn could help in the diagnosis and treatment of high-prevalence eye conditions.Ciencia e Ingeniería de dato

Modulación de propiedades optoelectrónicas de materiales basados en grafeno y nanopuntos de carbono

Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, leída el 07-06-2019Nowadays, the degradation of the environment and the climate change are some of the main concerns of our society. Therefore, a lot of effort has been invested in the search for new alternatives to fossil fuels. One interesting solution to this problem is to use solar energy as a renewable supply. In nature, it is well-known that solar energy can be transformed into chemical energy by means of photosynthetic processes. This concept has inspired a lot of efforts in the development of new artificial photosynthetic systems composed by donoracceptor(D-A) assemblies. Specifically, in recent years, the combination of carbon nanoforms and light-harvesting dyes using covalent and supramolecular approaches has been widely studied. In this sense, the improvement in the formation methodology of new D-A assemblies, as well as the understanding of the charge transfer processes involved in these systems, are the main keys to create new artificial systems with a potential applicability...Actualmente, unas de las mayores preocupaciones de nuestra sociedad son la degradación del medio ambiente y el cambio climático. Debido a esto, se ha invertido mucho esfuerzo en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas a los combustibles fósiles. Una solución interesante a este problema es el uso de la energía solar como fuente de energía renovable. Como bien sabemos, los procesos fotosintéticos observados en la naturaleza son capaces de transformarla energía solar en energía química. Buscando inspiración en este concepto, se ha puesto mucho esfuerzo en el desarrollo de nuevos sistemas foto sintéticos artificiales basados en complejos de tipo dador-aceptor (D-A). Concretamente, en los últimos años, ha sido muy estudiada la formación de sistemas basados en nanoformas de carbono y colorantes con gran capacidad de absorción de luz, a través de estrategias covalentes y supramoleculares. En este sentido, las claves para la creación de sistemas artificiales con una potencial aplicabilidad son la mejora de las metodologías para la formación de los sistemas D-A, así como la comprensión de los procesos de trasferencia de carga que operan en este tipo de sistemas...Depto. de Química OrgánicaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEunpu

Comportamiento tribológico del acero doble fase DP600 en ensayos de desgaste uni- y bi-direccionales por deslizamiento discontinuo

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Departamento de Física de Materiales, leída el 17-09-2015Most of the tribological studies within the frame of the mild oxidative wear mechanism have suggested that the friction and wear behaviour are contact and sliding speed dependent. The wear model proposed by Quinn (1962, 1983, 1992, 1994, 1998) does not distinguish between the contact conditions prevailing at the pin/ball and at the disc, which are completely dissimilar. At a macroscopic level, the pin/ball is in continuous contact with the disc. Conversely, each point of the wear track on the disc is only loaded when the pin/ball goes over it. Consequently, Garcia et al. (2003) proposed a modification to Quinn model for mild oxidative wear, which was particularly adapted for the disc material. This new model showed the significant role of contact frequency as an operational wear parameter. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether the tribological behaviour in mild oxidative wear conditions where discontinuous sliding contacts take centre stage can be influenced by different materials, sliding geometries (uni- and bi-directional sliding tests) and even distinct approaches to wear measurement. For that, a thorough design of experiments was conducted to cover a range of parameters based on the sliding speed, contact frequency, and wear track diameter or stroke length. Besides, a dual phase steel, namely DP600, was chosen as the model disc material. Initially, to independently evaluate the effects of the operational wear parameters, i.e. contact frequency and sliding speed, on the wear rate of DP600 steel disc sliding against corundum ball, a series of unidirectional wear tests was carried out at a given constant sliding speed but at different rotation speeds by modifying the wear track diameter; and vice versa. The coefficient of friction and wear rate exhibited not only a highly dependence on the sliding speed, but also on the contact frequency which appears to be the key factor determining the wear behaviour of the DP600 even at constant sliding speed. Furthermore, the validity of Garcia-Ramil-Celis model (Garcia et al., 2003) was confirmed for discontinuous sliding contact at contact frequencies below 7 Hz. Interestingly, above 7 Hz, the worn disc behaves as if it was subjected to a continuous sliding contact accordingly to the Quinn model. In a further step, analysis of the contact frequency effect on bi-directional sliding direction ¿i.e. reciprocating sliding- was evaluated. Moreover, it was also used the energy wear approach alongside the conventional Archard approach to study such contact frequency effect. For that, a similar set of tests were performed. The coefficient of friction and wear rate also showed a strong dependence on the sliding speed and the contact frequency. Once again, the contact frequency appears to be a key factor to define the wear behaviour of DP600 steel specimens. Besides, the wear volume showed a directly linear relationship with the dissipated energy. It was concluded that the heat generation at the interface could contribute to a modification in the rheology or composition of the oxidised layer. Finally, the role of the sliding direction was further analysed by performing a third wear test method that is scarcely used, i.e. ball-on-disc continuously reversed (bidirectional) wear test. This test allowed one to compare both unidirectional and bidirectional motion at given sliding speeds and contact frequencies but taking into account the reversing sliding direction effect. According to the definition of cyclic number, CN, as proposed by Tang et al. (2011a), such CN indicates how often the rotation direction of the disc is reversed. The unidirectional sliding showed more severe wear damage than tests conducted under bidirectional motion. In addition, it was demonstrated that the Bauschinger effect took place during the bidirectional sliding processes, when CN is above 5.Depto. de Física de MaterialesFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEunpu