Health policies and the challenges of the implementation of legislation in the republic of kosovo

Health policies, adequate legislation in the field of health and sustainable financing of the health system continue to be serious challenges for countries in transition and especially for the Republic of Kosovo. As a new state, with a health system that has gone through three difficult periods in the last three decades such as political, economic, social and the transition from international administration to an independent and sovereign state, has significantly influenced the reform and advancement of health policies as well as the quality of legislation governing this area.The situation in Kosovar healthcare continues to be critical two decades after the war and 12 years after the declaration of independence. Low level of development of the health sector, lack of political will, inadequate health policies and non-implementation of legislation, unsustainable financing is reflected in poor results, even alarming in terms of public health in Kosovo. The lack of a serious approach to the health sector has led to this sector, of primary importance, to be degraded to alarming proportions at the three levels of Kosovo\u27s health system.The purpose of this paper is to assess the achievements, stagnation, the need for reforms in the health system and to improve the parameters and indicators that make the health system of a stable country, through a qualitative and comparative method, with reviews of Kosovo\u27s health policies and legislation, as well as evaluation reports of relevant international institutions

Brain Ultrasound as a Diagnostic and Follow up Method of Lateral Ventricle Dilatation in Hospitalised Children at the Neurology Department – Pediatric Clinic

A child’s full development is tied closely to the full development of the human’s central nervous system, which is why there are so many cases reported with central nervous system illnesses in children. Being very familiar with a child’s normal development, a Pediatric Neurologist doctor is capable of noticing any sort of neurological deviation during the first month of child’s development which can be backed up with diagnostic methods such as: Transfontanellare Ultrasonography which is the chosen method to diagnose such anomalies and also helps keep track of them.Key words: Brain ultrasonography, ventriculomegaly, our clinical experience

The role of law enforcement institutions in monitoring and implementing legal regulations in the field of health data and statistics in Kosovo – case study

Aim: The collection, administration, processing and distribution of medical data and statistics has a significant impact on the assessment of public health parameters. The aim of this paper is to reflect the real state of monitoring and implementation of legal regulations by the Health Inspectorate of Kosovo regarding the collection, systematization, analysis, reporting, storage and elaboration of medical data and statistics in Kosovo. Methodology: The research strategy is accompanied by a deductive approach, and it is an appropriate procedure to answer questions such as: Who, what, where and how you are doing it. In this study we used the qualitative method - standardized and semi-standardized interviews with director and inspectors of Health Inspectorate. We have also applied the quantitative method by applying instruments such as questionnaires which are designed for the focus group of specific institutions and disciplines that have been the subject of research work on this paper. Results: To validate the hypotheses and research questions of this research mixed methodology we used certain instruments. Through questionnaires, we interviewed the health inspectorate as a monitoring and law enforcement mechanism in the health system of Kosovo, and assessed their attitudes towards the current health system regulations in Kosovo. The respondents evaluate the legal framework that regulates and covers the system of health statistics in Kosovo as inadequate. Conclusions: Findings from research indicate the need to supplement the amendments of a number of basic laws of the health system and other laws that have an impact on improving the quality, increasing the degree of accuracy and useful use of health data and statistics in Kosovo

IMPACT OF DATA AND STATISTICS IN THE CREATION OF KOSOVO’S PUBLIC HEALTH POLICIES

Health statistics contain data on the main indicators of the health service in Kosovo, based on Eurostat standards aiming at the dynamic evaluation of the health service in the country from year to year. Health information is very important for decision making and planning activities across health care systems. From this perspective, the health information system should be considered as a basis of public health and an integral part of the health system in each country. Therefore, strengthening and modernizing health information systems should be considered a priority of the institutions involved in providing health care in Kosovo. The collection, administration, processing and dissemination of medical data and statistics has a significant impact on the evaluation of public health parameters, elaboration, analysis of these data and statistics will be the basis for drafting, reforming and developing public health policies, programs, sectoral strategies and national strategies in the health sector. The purpose of this scientific paper is to produce an accurate analysis of the shortcomings, vacuums run and institutions dealing with statistics and treatment as well as proposing functions and alternatives to the reliable database that need adequate reform of that sector. of the health system of Kosov

EPIDEMIC OF ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS IN DEÇAN MUNICIPALITY, JULY 2021: CHALLENGES IN RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT OF THE EPIDEMIC

Introduction: This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the management of an acute gastroenteritis epidemic in the municipality of Deçan, with a specific focus on the epidemiological and environmental aspects of the event. The epidemic began in July 2021 and affected a significant number of residents in the municipality of Deçan and nearby areas. Aim: The aim of this research is to investigate and identify the routes and means of transmission of acute gastroenteritis in the municipality of Deçan, as well as other potential risk factors, with the goal of implementing appropriate control measures. Research Methodology: Descriptive epidemiological research methods and a case-control study model have been employed. Mixed methods (qualitative, quantitative, and laboratory) were applied. The results of clinical samples from affected patients and water samples from the water supply system and private wells were analyzed. The research was carried out at the QRSHP in Pejë and at the National Public Health Institution in Pristina in the Department of Human Ecology / TLC (Center of Testing Laboratories and the Laboratory of Microbiology, as well as some more specific testing are done in the external laboratories of our country. Within the epidemiological research framework, 1371 cases of acute gastroenteritis were surveyed and monitored, with an incidence rate of 3225.5 cases per 100,000 residents. The results indicate that the female gender and the age group 15-34 are the most affected, with the main symptoms being watery diarrhea and vomiting. The epidemic started on July 9, 2021, and peaked on July 11, 2021, coinciding with the cessation of drinking water supply from the Hasanagës Springs in Deçan. Physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses of the water showed that some water samples lacked residual chlorine, an indicator of unsafe drinking water. Some water samples exhibited bacterial contamination and exceeded the standards for drinking water. The results and conclusions of this study are important for understanding the epidemiology and the impact of water contamination on the spread of acute gastroenteritis in this area. They also provide recommendations for future prevention and treatment measures for this disease in the local community

The challenges of distanca learning on a higher education level in Kosovo – case study

Virtual learning, also known as distance learning has changed many parts of teaching and learning in recent years as a form of high-level academic communication . This model of teaching as a form of academic communication has marked encouraging results in countries in transition that apply for many years. The education system continues to be a challenge these countries such as in Kosovo, and the education system is forced to apply this form of teaching after the onset of the COVID 19 pandemic in March 2020. Kosovo’s borders were closed as a result of the COVID 19 pandemic on March 13, 2020, while the UBT Higher Education Institution started teaching online on March 16, 2020, in Kosovo and even more in the regions. The purpose of the study is to more realistically reflect the organization of distance learning, the challenges, the effects on the activity of lessons and students, as well as the communication and follow-up of teachers-students and the realization of more effective curriculum now in isolation and social distance academic objectives of UBT College. The main objective of the paper was that there were instruments that we applied to learn how to influence distance learning but also the performance of students\u27 academic staff during this period of social distance and the teaching process in this way and application for the first time in Kosovo university education

The Challenges of Distance Learning in Countries Undergoing Transition During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Case Study

Virtual learning, also known as online learning or distance learning has transformed the face of the education system for quite some time. Now, it is rapidly becoming an integral aspect and a common tool, in the broader aspect of higher education, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to providing an alternative method of learning in the digital age, online learning offers students the opportunity to learn new skills or improve existing ones. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Following the speed with which COVID-19 spread to all parts of the world and to curb the spread of the disease, most governments around the world, including the Republic of Kosovo, authorized unprecedented social control measures to stop this disease unknown. These measures, among others, required social distancing and temporary physical closure of educational institutions. The first case of COVID 19 in Kosovo was identified on March 13, 2020, social distancing - full closure came into force on March 15, while UBT Higher Education Institution started online learning on March 16, 2020, the first in Kosovo and possibly in the Western Balkans. This teaching-learning process was a novelty for Kosovo and was applied for the first time. Objective: The main objective of the current survey was to study the impact of E-learning on students' academic performance and their evaluations of this form of teaching in general. The purpose of this paper is to reflect as professionally as possible the organization of distance learning, the effects on the teaching and learning process as well as the form and level of communication and teacher-student relations in this process which was a novelty for Kosovo and UBT as one of the largest Private Colleges in the region