Surgery technique for ovine ruminal cannulation

The study of the ruminants' digestive system is of great interest to improve their productive efficiency. From 1928, in which Schalk and Amadon described the technique of cannulation in one stage for bovine and ovine, are developed numerous modifications of that technique as well as new others. A common problem is that can appear complications as movements of the cannula, increases in size of the fistula by necrosis of the tissue or ruminal fluid leak. The developed technique provides a simplification to the surgery, minimizes the complications and lengthens functional life of the cannula.El estudio del sistema digestivo de los rumiantes es de gran interés para conseguir mejorar su eficiencia productiva. Desde 1928, año en el que Schalk y Amadon describieron la técnica de canulación en una fase para su utilización en bovino y ovino, se desarrollan numerosas modificaciones de esta técnica así como otras nuevas. Un problema común es que pueden aparecer complicaciones como movimientos de la cánula, aumentos de tamaño de la fístula por necrosis o fugas de líquido ruminal. La técnica desarrollada aporta una simplificación a la cirugía, minimiza las complicaciones y alarga vida funcional de la cánula

Effects of cognitive variables on entrepreneurial intention levels

Entrepreneurship is becoming a very relevant instrument to promote economic growth and development in different regional and national economies. However, social scientists have not still agreed on the determinants of the decision to become an entrepreneur. Therefore, there is some concern that policies may not be sufficiently efficient in achieving this objective. From a psychological point of view, the intention to become an entrepreneur has been described as the single best predictor of actual behaviour. Hence, some studies have started to analyse the entrepreneurial intention and its determinants but however, methodologies and research instruments used so far differ widely. Then, the availability of a validated instrument to measure abilities, attitudes and intentions towards entrepreneurship could be of much help. In this paper, we use an Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ), which has been recently validated, to measure entrepreneurial intentions in a sample of students from two different Spanish universities. After a brief description of the characteristics of the EIQ, most important results are discussed. Additionally, we pay attention to the influence of different personal and family variables on entrepreneurial intention and its antecedent

A search for evidence of irradiation in Centaurus X-4 during quiescence

We present a study of the neutron star X-Ray Transient Cen X-4. Our aim is to look for any evidence of irradiation of the companion with a detailed analysis of its radial velocity curve, relative contribution of the donor star and Doppler tomography of the main emission lines. To improve our study all our data are compared with a set of simulations that consider different physical parameters of the system, like the disc aperture angle and the mass ratio. We conclude that neither the radial velocity curve nor the orbital variation of the relative donor's contribution to the total flux are affected by irradiation. On the other hand, we do see emission from the donor star at H${\alpha}$ and HeI 5876 which we tentatively attribute to irradiation effects. In particular, the H${\alpha}$ emission from the companion is clearly asymmetric and we suggest is produced by irradiation from the hot-spot. Finally, from the velocity of the HeI 5876 spot we constrain the disc opening angle to alpha=7-14 deg.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A as a R

Male infant patient with a mesenteric cyst in the greater and lesser omenta: a case report

Background: Mesenteric cysts are intra-abdominal masses of congenital origin, which most frequently occur in children, with an incidence of approximately 1 case per 20,000 pediatric admissions. Its progression can be asymptomatic, and its diagnosis can be incidental. However, it usually occurs with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, sensation of a mass, and/or diarrhea. The diagnostic imaging method of choice is abdominal ultrasound. Case presentation: Below, we present the case of a previously healthy 1-year-old male patient with nonspecific symptoms, who was referred to a tertiary hospital. The presence of a mesenteric cyst was detected at the end of the diagnostic approach. Conclusion: It is important to know these pathologies even though they are infrequent, because although they are benign masses by definition, they can lead to complications such as intestinal torsion, intestinal obstruction, and even peritonitis. © 2020 The Author(s)

A preliminary study about gender gap perception in informatics studies in Spain

The gender gap in STEM is an issue that affects regions and countries worldwide. Furthermore, the percentage of women in these areas depends on a range of different factors. In particular, the gender gap is critical in technology in general and, more specifically, in informatics. This problem affects not only the business sector but also society. Informatics is part of our lives; however, 50% of the world population is not represented in the teams that are developing solutions for solving society's problems. In Spain, the number of women with informatics degrees is around 15%. This work describes a case study developed by the committee of Women in Informatics at the Scientific Society of Spanish Informatics (SCIE) to analyse the perception of informatics scientists on the gender gap in informatics

Allelic frequencies for SNP variants in the gene Nramp1 in bovine infected with Brucella abortus or classified by resistance to the pathogen

La resistencia natural a la brucelosis en bovinos ha sido asociada a factores genéticos, principalmente a algunos polimorfismos de nucleótido simple ubicados dentro del gen Nramp1. La presente investigación evalúa el efecto de variantes tipo polimorfismos de nucleótido simple presentes en regiones codificantes y en la región 3 UTR del gen Nramp1, en la clasificación de los animales como resistentes o susceptibles, además se determinan los genotipos predominantes en animales naturalmente infectados y comprobados como positivos por la presencia de anticuerpos anti Brucella abortus. Se establecieron las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas para cinco polimorfismos de nucleótido simple identificados dentro del gen Nramp1 en animales de las razas blanco orejinegro (Bos taurus taurus) y cebú (Bos taurus indicus) y en muestras serológicamente positivas provenientes de animales cruzados (Bos taurus x Bos indicus). La determinación de genotipos se realizó mediante la metodología polimorfismo conformacional de cadena sencilla. Se realizó un ensayo de desafío infeccioso in vitro, para estimar la capacidad de los macrófagos bovinos para controlar la sobrevivencia bacterial, lo que permitió definir los individuos como resistentes o susceptibles. Los resultados sugieren una asociación significativa del SNP4 (p = 0,0506) con la variación para el fenotipo de susceptibilidad, pues se encontró el genotipo homocigoto (BB) en alta frecuencia en animales catalogados como resistentes y el genotipo heterocigoto (AB) en alta frecuencia en animales catalogados como susceptibles y en animales con títulos de anticuerpos anti Brucella abortus.;The natural resistance to brucellosis in cattle has been associated to genetic factors mainly to some single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), located within Nramp1 gen. The current research has studied the effect of nucleotide variants to be found in coding regions and other one located in 3 non translated region of Nramp1 gene, on the animal classification as resistant or susceptible, moreover was identified the main genotypes to be found on the infected animals, confirmed as positives by antibody antibrucella titles. Was established the genotypic and allelic frequencies for five single nucleotide polymorphism in animals from blanco orejinegro (Bos taurus taurus) and zebu breeds (Bos taurus indicus) and serum samples belonging to positive crossbred animals (Bos taurus x Bos indicus). The genotype was defined by the methodology known as single strand conformational polymorphism . To estimate the macrophage capacity to control the bacterial survival, an in vitro assay was performed, which allowed define the phenotype as resistant or susceptible. The results suggest a significant association for SNP4 (p = 0.0506) with the phenotypic variation for resistant or susceptibility, because was found the genotype (BB) at higher frequency in susceptible animals and naturally infected animals, than those resistant animals.Ganado de leche-Ganadería lech

Análisis comparativo de la atención de pacientes con enfermedad neurológica en el servicio de urgencias hospitalario durante el periodo de confinamiento por COVID-19

El nuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) fue identificado por primera vez en la ciudad china de Wuhan, en diciembre de 2019. Desde entonces el virus se ha propagado a más de 200 países. El 30 de enero de 2020 el brote fue declarado “Emergencia de salud pública de importancia internacional” por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, y el 11 de marzo elevado a “Pandemia internacional”1. El primer diagnóstico en España se registró el 31 de enero, pero no fue hasta marzo cuando los casos comenzaron a crecer exponencialmente. El 14 de marzo el Gobierno de España declaraba el estado de alarma por el que limitaba la libre circulación de personas, entre otras medidas. En Aragón esta limitación estuvo vigente hasta el 4 de mayo, cuando dio comienzo el proceso de desescalada. A fecha de 16 de junio de 2020 se han confirmado en España 244.328 diagnósticos por test de reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR)2. En nuestro hospital, a medida que aumentaba la carga asistencial de enfermedad respiratoria en el servicio de urgencias hospitalarias (SUH), se percibía un descenso del resto de enfermedades, incluida la neurológica y, particularmente, la enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda, como se ha reportado en otros estudios3. A nivel mundial, las enfermedades neurológicas representan la causa principal de años de vida perdidos ajustados por discapacidad y la segunda causa de muerte4. En España, la mortalidad por causa neurológica representa el 19% del total anual. Esta cifra se ha incrementado en los últimos 10 años en un 18, 5%. En el caso de Aragón, las enfermedades neurológicas causan el 20, 6% de las muertes5..

Costs and benefits of automation for astronomical facilities

The Observatorio Astrof\'isico de Javalambre (OAJ{\dag}1) in Spain is a young astronomical facility, conceived and developed from the beginning as a fully automated observatory with the main goal of optimizing the processes in the scientific and general operation of the Observatory. The OAJ has been particularly conceived for carrying out large sky surveys with two unprecedented telescopes of unusually large fields of view (FoV): the JST/T250, a 2.55m telescope of 3deg field of view, and the JAST/T80, an 83cm telescope of 2deg field of view. The most immediate objective of the two telescopes for the next years is carrying out two unique photometric surveys of several thousands square degrees, J-PAS{\dag}2 and J-PLUS{\dag}3, each of them with a wide range of scientific applications, like e.g. large structure cosmology and Dark Energy, galaxy evolution, supernovae, Milky Way structure, exoplanets, among many others. To do that, JST and JAST are equipped with panoramic cameras under development within the J-PAS collaboration, JPCam and T80Cam respectively, which make use of large format (~ 10k x 10k) CCDs covering the entire focal plane. This paper describes in detail, from operations point of view, a comparison between the detailed cost of the global automation of the Observatory and the standard automation cost for astronomical facilities, in reference to the total investment and highlighting all benefits obtained from this approach and difficulties encountered. The paper also describes the engineering development of the overall facilities and infrastructures for the fully automated observatory and a global overview of current status, pinpointing lessons learned in order to boost observatory operations performance, achieving scientific targets, maintaining quality requirements, but also minimizing operation cost and human resources.Comment: Global Observatory Control System GOC

Overexpression of Dyrk1A Is Implicated in Several Cognitive, Electrophysiological and Neuromorphological Alterations Found in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome

Down syndrome (DS) phenotypes result from the overexpression of several dosage-sensitive genes. The DYRK1A (dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A) gene, which has been implicated in the behavioral and neuronal alterations that are characteristic of DS, plays a role in neuronal progenitor proliferation, neuronal differentiation and long-term potentiation (LTP) mechanisms that contribute to the cognitive deficits found in DS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Dyrk1A overexpression on the behavioral and cognitive alterations in the Ts65Dn (TS) mouse model, which is the most commonly utilized mouse model of DS, as well as on several neuromorphological and electrophysiological properties proposed to underlie these deficits. In this study, we analyzed the phenotypic differences in the progeny obtained from crosses of TS females and heterozygous Dyrk1A (+/-) male mice. Our results revealed that normalization of the Dyrk1A copy number in TS mice improved working and reference memory based on the Morris water maze and contextual conditioning based on the fear conditioning test and rescued hippocampal LTP. Concomitant with these functional improvements, normalization of the Dyrk1A expression level in TS mice restored the proliferation and differentiation of hippocampal cells in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) and the density of GABAergic and glutamatergic synapse markers in the molecular layer of the hippocampus. However, normalization of the Dyrk1A gene dosage did not affect other structural (e.g., the density of mature hippocampal granule cells, the DG volume and the subgranular zone area) or behavioral (i.e., hyperactivity/attention) alterations found in the TS mouse. These results suggest that Dyrk1A overexpression is involved in some of the cognitive, electrophysiological and neuromorphological alterations, but not in the structural alterations found in DS, and suggest that pharmacological strategies targeting this gene may improve the treatment of DS-associated learning disabilities

Clinico-pathological characteristics and outcomes of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer

[Background]: The rising incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among young patients is alarming. We aim to characterize the clinico-pathological features and outcomes of patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC). [Methods]: We included all of the patients with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of CRC at Hospital Universitario La Paz from October 2016 to September 2020. EOCRC age cut-off was 50 years. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS v.25. [Results]: A total of 1152 patients were diagnosed with CRC, fifty-nine (5,1%) of them were After a median follow-up of 24 months, 279 patients have died. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in either group (p = 0,06). Three-year OS was 80% (95%CI: 73-87) and 67 (95%CI: 65-69) in the younger and older group, respectively. In patients with localized disease that underwent surgery or other antineoplastic treatment ( n = 856), 159 events for disease-free survival (DFS) were observed. Median DFS was [Conclusions]: Patients with EOCRC are diagnosed at a more advanced stage and display distinct biological features (more prevalence of dMMR and WT tumors among others). Studies focusing on screening in this population and deeper molecular profiling are needed