Improving the work of the Arctic Council: Challenges and recommendations

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Allergic Disease and Autoimmune Effectors Pathways

Allergy and autoimmunity result from dysregulation of the immune system. Until recently, it was generally accepted that the mechanisms that govern these disease processes are quite disparate; however, new discoveries suggest possible common pathogenetic effector pathways. This review illustrates the concomitant presentation of these conditions and the potential relationship or common mechanism in some cases, by looking at the key elements that regulate the immune response in both allergic and autoimmunite conditions: mast cells, antibodies, T cells, cytokines, and genetic determinants. The parallel appearance of allergic and autoimmune conditions in the some patients may reveal that such aberrations of the immune system have a common pathophysiologic mechanism. Mast cells, which play a key role in allergic reactions, and the wealth of inflammatory mediators they express, make it likely that they have profound effects on many autoimmune processes. Activation of protein kinases by inflammatory cytokines and environmental stresses may contribute to both allergic and autoimmune diseases. The presence of autoantibodies in some allergic conditions suggests an autoimmune basis for these conditions. Because of the central role T cells play in immune reactivity, the T-cell receptor (TCR) loci have long been considered important candidates for common disease susceptibility within the immune system such as asthma, atopy, and autoimmunity. Immunomodulation is the key to a successful treatment of allergic and autoimmune conditions

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Maleundervisning i videregående skole – Fagdidaktiske ideologier og relasjonen til samtidens kunstfelt.

Masteroppgaven omhandler maleundervisningens praksis innen et utvalg videregående skoler. Maleundervisning er en del av praksisen innen faget Visuelle Kunstfag, ved utdanningsprogrammet Studiespesialisering med formgivningsfag. Selve undersøkelsen vil knytte seg til følgende hovedproblemstilling: Hvordan kan en undersøkelse av faglæreres maleundervisning i videregående skole synliggjøre fagdidaktiske ideologier i faget Visuelle kunstfag? På bakgrunn av erfaringer fra undersøkelsen, belyses og drøftes hvordan de fagdidaktiske ideologiene i skolefeltet relateres til samtidens kunstfelt. Jeg har i undersøkelsen intervjuet syv lærere fra seks ulike videregående skoler, og anvendt observasjon hos fire av disse for innsamling av empiri. Oppgaven belyser hvordan disse malepraksisene synliggjør fagdidaktiske ideologier som del av det kunst- og håndverksdidaktiske fagfeltet. Ideologiene er teoretisk forankret i tradisjoner innen fagfeltet. Jeg har gått inn i disse problemstillingene med et ønske om å utvikle bevissthet rundt maleundervisningens rammer i skolen, og samtidig peke på det fagdidaktiske potensialet som teori og praksis innenfor samtidskunstmaleri representerer. Masteroppgaven har en hovedvinkling mot det fagdidaktiske og teoretiske.This master thesis is concerned with practices in painting classes within a selection of upper secondary schools. Painting classes are a part of the practice within the subject Visual Arts (Visuelle kunstfag), in the education program ”Studiespesialisering med formgivningsfag”. The survey is based around the following main research question: How can a survey of lectures’ practices in painting classes demonstrate educational ideologies in the subject of Visual Arts? The relation of the educational ideologies in the school sector to the contemporary art sector is demonstrated and discussed in light of the experiences made in the survey. In the survey I have interviewed seven teachers from six different upper secondary schools, and applied observation on four of these, for the collection of empirical data. The thesis illustrates how the different practices in painting classes highlight educational ideologies as part of the Arts and Crafts educational field. The ideologies are theoretically rooted in traditions within the field of study. I have approached the research questions with a desire to develop awareness of the framework around the practices in painting classes in schools, while giving attention to the educational potential that theory and practice within contemporary painting represents. The thesis has a major educational and theoretic bias.Master i estetiske fa

Hvilke positive effekter kan musikk ha for det sosiale samspillet i en barnegruppe?

I alle praksisperiodene mine har jeg brukt musikk aktivt både for og med barna. Det har vært et område jeg føler vi alle kan møtes på samme nivå, og snakker det samme språket uavhengig av ulike forutsetninger som språk, alder, evner ol. I den siste praksisperioden min hadde jeg et utviklingsprosjekt om hvordan vi sammen kunne videreutvikle bruken av musikk i samlingsstund og ellers i barnehagehverdagen. Gjennom alle praksisperiodene mine, spesielt den siste, har jeg fått sett hvilken effekt musikk kan ha på barna, og hvilket fellesskap som dannes i ei barnegruppe når vi leker oss med musikk. Alle de nevnte erfaringene mine med musikk har vært med på å forme problemstillingen min: Hvilke positive effekter kan musikk ha for det sosiale samspillet i en barnegruppe?publishedVersio

The Political Architecture of Security in the Arctic – the Case of Norway

With receding sea ice, a new reality is taking hold in the Arctic. The purpose of this article is to explore Norway’s defense and security challenges in the region in light of this development. We argue for a broader analysis of the parameters of security policy. Although the article makes analytical distinction between security at the regional, national, and international level, these various categories do not exist in isolation but are used here for discussion purposes only. It is argued that there is a good chance of a civilized Arctic in the future, and softer national security challenges are then more likely to take precedence. However, international and regional security and defence interests will continue to be important.Keywords: Arctic, Norway, security, climate changeCitation: Arctic Review on Law and Politics, vol. 4, 2/2013 pp. 234–254. ISSN 1891-625