The Pine Tree Mound Site and the Entrada of the Hernando De Soto Expedition of 1542

The entrada into Texas of the Hernando de Solo expedition in July 1542, which was led by Luis de Moscoso after de Soto\u27s death in June of that year, is relevant to the Pine Tree Mound site (4IHS15) because it appears that the site was occupied at that time, and the entrada likely followed a path that brought it very close to the site. In fact, we hypothesize that the Pine Tree Mound site, along with associated villages nearby, is specifically mentioned in entrada accounts as the province of Nondacao. These may have been the forebears of the Nadaco (Anadarko) Caddo, who apparently lived in this same area through the first quarter of the 19th century before moving west to north-central Texas and then to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. The three components of this hypothesis deal with the age of the site, the route of the entrada, and the persistence of Nadaco settlements in this area long after the time of the entrada, and these are addressed in tum below. The Pine Tree Mound site is a Middle to Late Caddo period ceremonial and civic center in central Harrison County, Texas. It occupies a broad upland surface between Potters and Starkey creeks, about 7.3 km north of where Potters Creek flows onto the floodplain of the Sabine River. The site is large, covering an area 800 m cast-west by 720 m north-south. Its most conspicuous features are three earthen mounds that stand 0.4 to 2.4 m above the modern land surface. The three mounds are within an area measuring 210 m east-west by 150 m north-south. These mounds are associated with a possible buried mound, at least five areas with off-mound structures, a plaza, and at least one cemetery. Together, these constitute the core of the site, measuring about 360 m both east-west and north-south and covering 27 acres. This core area is owned by The Archaeological Conservancy. Test excavations in 2004 identified eight possible associated village areas ringing the core on the west, and Prewitt and Associates, Inc., conducted intensive excavations at three of these in 2006-2007 under a contract with the Sabine Mining Company. These excavations uncovered the remains of dozens of houses, as well as outside activity areas, middens, and 27 human burials. Analysis of the wealth of data recovered from the site is ongoing and will not be finished for several years. This article provides a preview of one of the topics that the analysis will address

Promotion of occupational therapy as a career: A survey of occupational therapy managers

A careers pack distributed to 184 occupational therapy managers in and around London contained a questionnaire which gathered information about their role in promoting occupational therapy as a career. Twenty-six managers responded (14.1%) and considered that the College of Occupational Therapists had the principal responsibility for promoting the profession. Three-quarters considered that the careers pack was fairly effective and two-thirds were willing to use it to promote the profession. Although pleased to have received the pack, the managers had more negative than positive comments about it. Managers may not appreciate their influential position in recruitment to the profession and other stakeholders should collaborate to support them in their pivotal rol

Astronaut operations requirements document for the White Light Coronagraph experiment s-052 for the Apollo Telescope Mount

Information necessary for successful performance of the observer's function in the White Light Coronagraph portion of the Apollo Telescope Mount experiments is presented. The pre-flight, in-flight, and post-flight operations required to perform the S-052 experiment are described. A discussion of the scientific objectives of the experiment and a description of the hardware are provided

Illustrating Dynamical Symmetries in Classical Mechanics: The Laplace-Runge-Lenz Vector Revisited

The inverse square force law admits a conserved vector that lies in the plane of motion. This vector has been associated with the names of Laplace, Runge, and Lenz, among others. Many workers have explored aspects of the symmetry and degeneracy associated with this vector and with analogous dynamical symmetris. We define a conserved dynamical variable $\alpha$ that characterizes the orientation of the orbit in two-dimensional configuration space for the Kepler problem and an analogous variable $\beta$ for the isotropic harmonics oscillator. This orbit orientation variable is canonically conjugate to the angular momentum component normal to the plane of motion. We explore the canoncial one-parameter group of transformations generated by $\alpha (\beta).$ Because we have an obvious pair of conserved canonically conjugate variables, it is desirable to us them as a coordinate-momentum pair. In terms of these phase space coordinates, the form of the Hamiltonian is nearly trivial because neither member of the pair can occur explicitly in the Hamiltonian. From these considerations we gain a simple picture of the dynamics in phase space. The procedure we use is in the spirit of the Hamilton-Jacobi method.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, to be published in American Journal of Physic