Histogram of the latency times (in seconds) and sample size of the four species considered in this study.

<p>Histogram of the latency times (in seconds) and sample size of the four species considered in this study.</p

Results of the survival analysis (Cox regression model).

<p>Concordance = 0.724 (s.e. = 0.026). R-square = 0.331 (max possible = 0.991).</p><p>The effects on LT (seconds) of the explanatory variables, species, distance to the MPA and their interaction and the density of fish were retained by the AIC-based model selection. The regression coefficients (coef) of the logarithm of the hazard ratio and its standard error (s.e.), the exponent of the coefficient for interpretation, the z-value and p-value of the minimal adequate Cox regression model are shown.</p

Histogram of distances to the boundary of the marine protected area (MPA) of the Palma Bay (Mallorca Island, NW Mediterranean Sea) of the study site locations (n = 54) where the underwater video cameras were deployed to measure the latency times.

<p>We plotted the one-dimensional distribution of the distances considered in the study. Note that negative distances from the boundary are located inside the no-take MPA, minimum values are -1,042 m and maximum distance 10,649 m away from the MPA’s boundary.</p

Predicted survivorship from the Cox regression.

<p>The panel (A) shows a box-plot of the distribution of distances to the boundary for sampling points within (up), close (mid) and far (lower) to the MPA. The vertical red dashed line indicates the boundary of the MPA. The panel (B) shows the predicted survivorship probability (y-axes) as a function of latency time (LT) (x-axes, in seconds) for the four species considered: <i>C</i>. <i>julis</i> (orange), <i>D</i>. <i>annularis</i> (red), <i>C</i>. <i>chromis</i> (yellow) and <i>S</i>. <i>scriba</i> (blue). The lower-left, lower-mid and the lower-right panels correspond to sampling point locations within, close and far to the MPA, respectively,. Solid lines indicate the expected survivorship probability and dashed lines the 5% confidence intervals. Note that <i>S</i>. <i>scriba</i> shows different survivorship (~naïveté) pattern depending on the distance to the boundary of the marine protected area (MPA).</p