Space Needs of Small Housing in the Post-Pandemic Era: Malaga as a case study.

https://ijcua.com/index.php/ijcua/open-access-policyThe COVID-19 lockdown period has highlighted the ability of housing to accommodate a comprehensive programme typical of the city and its public space. Housing units of under 60 m2 and in blocks of flats are the more vulnerable, as they have a higher percentage of non-community open spaces. That problem was analysed using a methodology based on psychological, urban planning and architectural indicators applied to two coastal cities in the Mediterranean area of southern Spain. The results highlight three aspects in this type of dwelling: the need to consider the orientation of the housing to improve the quality of indoor and outdoor space; the need in public housing policies for a greater number of rooms to facilitate remote working; and finally, the importance of functional terraces overlooking green areas

Adaptive Thermal Comfort Potential in Mediterranean Office Buildings: A Case Study of Torre Sevilla

The design and construction of buildings is currently subject to a growing set of requirements concerning sustainability and energy efficiency. This paper shows a case study of the Torre Sevilla skyscraper, located in the city of Seville (in the south of Spain), which has high-tech energy-efficient features and which uses air-conditioning systems during most of its operating hours. The analysis carried out starts from a simulation in which occupants’ thermal comfort are obtained, based on the adaptive comfort model defined in the standard EN 15251:2007. With this approach, it is possible to determine the number of hours during operation in which the building has adequate comfort conditions only with the help of the envelope and natural ventilation. Consequently, the remaining useful hours require the use of air-conditioning systems. The results show that it is possible to improve the thermal performance of the building due to its location in the Mediterranean climate. To do this, advanced mixed mode (through manual-opening or mechanically-controlled opening windows) and active air-conditioning are suggested. This experimental proposal provides a reduction of the occupation hours which require the use of air-conditioning equipment by 28.57%, reducing the air-conditioning demand and, consequently, the energy consumption of the building

Learning from Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City: garden cities’ policies for the development of existing settlements in the contemporary world

So far, the garden city model has been analysed and adopted by scholars, urban planners, and institutions to design garden cities, new towns, and suburban communities as new settlements from scratch around the world. In contrast, this paper explores the potentialities of such a model to provide a multi-faceted approach based on territorial, socio-economic, and urban planning strategies, thus offering a series of policies to combat a wide range of issues in existing communities. For that purpose, this paper provides a new approach about the garden city model through the case studies of Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City and latest updated models to form a new scheme with the capability to encourage the decentralisation of population and means of production across the territory, develop cooperatives to achieve a self-financing system and affordable housing in existing communities, and implement the garden cities’ design principles for the regeneration and expansion of existing settlements towards a sustainable, attractive, self-reliant and prosperous future.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

Turismo de cruceros en la interfaz puerto-ciudad Mediterránea: nueva época del waterfront, con beneficios en un Smart Destination

This study is part of the literature on the cruise industry that focuses on the waterfront phenomenon and on the development of a new cruise-city interface promoted by cruise tourism. The development of a new era of waterfronts with the implication of cruise tourism is used as the starting hypothesis. It affects both the waterfront and the port, under the development of a new image as a gateway to the city and Mediterranean cities (mainly their historical downtown, since it is the attractive cultural area) which are part of the interventions in the search for the port-city relationship. In this sense, the positive and negative impacts of this type of tourism are listed after studying different cases of Mediterranean port cities. The integration through the development of a Smart Cruise Port in a Smart Destination, which would benefit the cruise-city interrelationship, is presented as a proposal.Este estudio se sitúa en la literatura sobre la industria de cruceros atendiendo al fenó¬meno waterfront y al desarrollo de una nueva interfaz crucero-ciudad promovida por el turismo de cruceros. Se parte de una hipótesis, el desarrollo de una nueva época del water¬front con la implicación del turismo de cruceros, que incide tanto en el waterfront como en el puerto, bajo el desarrollo de una nueva imagen como puerta de entrada a la ciudad, y la ciudad mediterránea, principalmente su casco histórico, al ser el área cultural atrayente, que forman parte de las intervenciones en la búsqueda de la relación puerto-ciudad. En este sen¬tido, se ponen de manifiesto los impactos positivos y negativos que trae consigo este tipo de turismo, tras estudiar diferentes casos de ciudades portuarias mediterráneas y se concluye, con la propuesta de una integración a través del desarrollo de un Smart Cruise Port en un Smart Destination, que beneficiaría la interrelación crucero-ciudad

A Methodology to Assess the Capacity of Neighborhoods to Accommodate Models of Active Aging Based on Sharing Housing. Málaga (Spain) as a Study Case.

The aging of the world population, especially in Europe, and the increase in the longevity of the elderly pose a major challenge in the habitability of cities. Neighborhoods for active aging constitute socio-spatial and social relation units that are the basis of active aging in the place. Recent literature has analyzed the ideal conditions of neighborhoods and the criteria for selecting homes for the residence of the elderly, but there is a significant lack of studies that analyze the theoretical capacity of neighborhoods to accommodate coexistence initiatives among older people on a city scale. The research selects quantifiable variables and, through the use of GIS, determines the most appropriate areas of Malaga (Spain), as a case study, to promote models of coexistence based on sharing housing. The investigation concludes that the first peripheries in flat areas are the most propitious spaces. The paper concludes by discussing the keys to research that can influence public policies.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Proyecto I+D+i (PAIDI 2020) “Cooperativas vecinales de personas mayores para el envejecimiento activo en el lugar. Implicaciones en la mejora de la soledad forzada en grandes ciudades (PY20_00411)”, financiado por la Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades de la Junta de Andalucí

Towards a new model of management and self-funding to regenerate obsolete neighborhoods

El artículo aborda el problema de la financiación en la regeneración integral de barriadas. Tras el análisis de fórmulas ya ensayadas de gestión y financiación, se propone las directrices para un nuevo modelo basado en el cooperativismo. El potencial económico de una actuación colectiva activa y unitaria, precisa un modelo de economía social basado en la prestación de servicios como base de la habitabilidad y el mantenimiento como objetivo para reducir los ciclos de obsolescencia. Esto articula un mecanismo a largo plazo que trascienda la rehabilitación y garantice la adaptación progresiva a los nuevos estándares de habitabilidad.The article addresses the problem of financing of the integral regeneration of neighborhoods. After the analysis of already tested models of management and financing, guidelines for a new model based on cooperativism are proposed. The economic potential of an active and unitary collective action requires a social economy model based on the provision of services as a basis for habitability and maintenance as an objective to reduce cycles of obsolescence. This articulates a long-term mechanism that transcends the single action of rehabilitation and ensures a progressive adaptation to new standards of habitability

Adaptation of Urban High-density Neighbourhoods in Nodes of Sustainable Intelligent Mobility Condensers

In Europe and since the early twentieth century, municipal mobility policies have provided underground parking and public transport to many of the rapidly built social neighbourhoods between 1960 and 1980, which were planned lacking them. However, the climatic emergency requires new approaches that reduce CO2 emissions. This paper sets out the steps for the implementation of an Intelligent Mobility Condenser (IMC) in an existing neighbourhood. IMCs combine connectivity to public transport, together with the creation of a transport cooperative that meets the mobility needs of its neighbours without the need to own a private car. Similar to car-sharing, the IMC offers hybrid, electric, solar cars, along with motorcycles and electric bicycles. This together with a digital platform that facilitates the management of their needs. On the other hand, IMCs are automatic surface parkings, with solar collection and urban gardens, which, being high-access nodes in the neighbourhood, allow the incorporation of community, social and commercial spaces. The paper discusses the results based on the economic and environmental benefits of the model, and the threats of its implementation due to the difficulties of giving up the private car.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Between historic sites and new tourist destinations: the development of the first periphery in medium-sized andalusian coastal cities (1950-1980)

This study aims to analyze the urbangrowth experienced in the third quarter of the 20th century in medium-sized cities (1950-1980). These cities can be considered as relevant referents in their countries, although their population is lower than in regional centres (over 10,000 to 100,000 inhabitants). Furthermore, they have been recently recognized as an opportunity to promote more sustainable territorial strategies. Nevertheless, there are still gaps in many fields. The so-called first urban periphery was built in response to urging quantitative needs of the European existing housing. This was at the end of the mid-century wars, due to massive migration from the countryside to the cities in the whole continent. Sharing many of the morphological and pathological features with their equivalents, Spanish cities would have introduced certain peculiarities in their development because of the socio-political context marked by strong state control. This general framework of housing was completed with the implementation of some policies developed in the 1960s. Tourism was used as one of the growth engines of Spain’s economy. Within this context, this research takes the Andalusian coast as a geographical framework and it intends to identify two different processes that have determined the urban development of these cities. On one hand, there are urban areas that have experienced a progressive demographic growth and have remained within the population range that defines a medium-sized city during this time. On the other hand, many towns have undergone anexponential evolution, moving from the features assimilated to rural settlements, to qualities of a medium-size city. In the final analysis, the purpose of this paper is to examine how historic sites have responded to this duality, as well as to determineif their protection has been decisive in the type of development that they have experienced.Research Plan of the University of Sevill

Mass housing neighbourhoods in medium sized andalusian cities: between historic city centres and new peripheral developments

This paper aims to analyse the evolution experienced by the neighbourhoods that comprise the so-called first periphery. Most of them have been thoroughly studied, has led to recognize theirs values and to be included in the catalogues of heritage protection of their respective cities. However, this research shows that is pending an in-depth analysis in cities of intermediate scale. Its significance lies not only in the fact that they are the most significant operations of architecture of the modern movement in their respective cities, but are especially noteworthy the values derived from its strategic location within the urban structure of these intermediate scale cities. Being near to city centre, they have been constituted as transition pieces between historic sites, new peripheral developments, and even, their nearest territory. As method, this research proposes a comparative analysis of traceability among different study cases, from medium-sized cities of the Andalusian Coast (Spain). In this context, it means recording the evolution that these promotions have been experienced since their first designs until their current situation. It attempts to find the characteristics that have resulted in the urban configuration of this periphery and to recognize the sum of all the cultural, economic, social and technological aspects that conditions the ways of life that today are detected in them. Definitely, the knowledge generated by this research allows extracting architectural and urban values of these examples, which justify its necessary dissemination as part of our legacy

Taxonomic evidence applying intelligent information algorithm and the principle of maximum entropy: the case of asteroids families

The Numeric Taxonomy aims to group operational taxonomic units in clusters (OTUs or taxons or taxa), using the denominated structure analysis by means of numeric methods. These clusters that constitute families are the purpose of this series of projects and they emerge of the structural analysis, of their phenotypical characteristic, exhibiting the relationships in terms of grades of similarity of the OTUs, employing tools such as i) the Euclidean distance and ii) nearest neighbor techniques. Thus taxonomic evidence is gathered so as to quantify the similarity for each pair of OTUs (pair-group method) obtained from the basic data matrix and in this way the significant concept of spectrum of the OTUs is introduced, being based the same one on the state of their characters. A new taxonomic criterion is thereby formulated and a new approach to Computational Taxonomy is presented, that has been already employed with reference to Data Mining, when apply of Machine Learning techniques, in particular to the C4.5 algorithms, created by Quinlan, the degree of efficiency achieved by the TDIDT family´s algorithms when are generating valid models of the data in classification problems with the Gain of Entropy through Maximum Entropy Principle.Fil: Perichinsky, Gregorio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Jiménez Rey, Elizabeth Miriam. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Grossi, María Delia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Vallejos, Félix Anibal. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Servetto, Arturo Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Orellana, Rosa Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Plastino, Ángel Luis. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física; Argentin