Invasión urbana de flebotomineo transmisores de Leishmania en Mérida, Venezuela

Urban development together with uncontrolled construction in endemic areas of leishmaniasis has resulted in a series of environmental transformations that have promoted the spread of cutaneous leishmaniasis, with the adaptation sandflies transmitters to these urban environments. This study aims to determine the presence of sandflies and the epidemiological factors associated with the transmission of leishmaniasis in an urban area of Zea, Venezuela. Five methods of catching sandflies were used indoors in two urbanizations in Zea, Venezuela. Through a survey-type instrument, the epidemiological variables associated with the transmission of leishmaniasis in the housing estates were determined. The presence in the urban dwellings of Lutzomyia youngi, Lutzomyia spinicrassa, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia ovallesi, Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia venezuelensis, Lutzomyia atroclavata and Lutzomyia lichyi were demonstrated. 62.5% of the species caught in urbanized areas have antropohematophagy habits. A 67% and 80% of infestation was determined in the dwellings of the studied urbanizations. It was evidenced a low level of knowledge in the inhabitants mainly on the sandflies, which increases the risk of domiciliation and transmission of leishmaniasis, the control entities are warned to implement preventive and educational measures. El desarrollo urbano ha causado una serie de transformaciones ambientales, que ha promovido la propagación de la leishmaniasis con la adaptación de los flebotomíneos transmisores. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la presencia de flebotomíneos y evaluar factores epidemiológicos asociados a la transmisión de leishmaniasis en una zona urbana de Zea, Venezuela.  Se emplearon cinco métodos  de captura de  flebotomíneo en el interior de las viviendas en dos urbanizaciones en Zea, Venezuela. A través de un instrumento tipo encuestas, se determinaron las variables epidemiológicas asociadas a la transmisión de la leishmaniasis. Se demostró la presencia en el interior de la viviendas urbanas de Lutzomyia youngi, Lutzomyia spinicrassa, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia ovallesi, Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia venezuelensis,  Lutzomyia atroclavata  y Lutzomyia lichyi. El 62,5% de las especies capturadas en las áreas urbanizadas poseen hábitos de antropohematofagia. Se determinó un 67 % y 80% de infestación en las viviendas de las  urbanizaciones estudiadas. Se evidenció un bajo nivel de conocimiento en los pobladores principalmente sobre los flebotomíneos, lo cual incrementa el riesgo de domiciliación y  transmisión de la leishmaniasis. Se alerta a los entes encargados del control de dicha enfermedad a implementar las medidas preventivas y de educación necesaria

Urban invation of sandflies transmition of leishmania in merida venezuela

Urban development together with uncontrolled construction in endemic areas of leishmaniasis has resulted in a series of environmental transformations that have promoted the spread of cutaneous leishmaniasis, with the adaptation sandflies transmitters to these urban environments. This study aims to determine the presence of sandflies and the epidemiological factors associated with the transmission of leishmaniasis in an urban area of Zea, Venezuela. Five methods of catching sandflies were used indoors in two urbanizations in Zea, Venezuela. Through a survey-type instrument, the epidemiological variables associated with the transmission of leishmaniasis in the housing estates were determined. The presence in the urban dwellings of Lutzomyia youngi, Lutzomyia spinicrassa, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia ovallesi, Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia venezuelensis, Lutzomyia atroclavata and Lutzomyia lichyi were demonstrated. 62.5% of the species caught in urbanized areas have antropohematophagy habits. A 67% and 80% of infestation was determined in the dwellings of the studied urbanizations. It was evidenced a low level of knowledge in the inhabitants mainly on the sandflies, which increases the risk of domiciliation and transmission of leishmaniasis, the control entities are warned to implement preventive and educational measures