A versatile magnetic exposure system for in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo experiments ifnalized to therapeutic applications in the IF range

The use of magnetic fields in therapeutic applications has considerably increased in recent years. In particular, many researchers have focused their attention on the use of low-intensity magnetic fields, either alone or in combination with nanoparticles for drug delivery systems in nanomedicine. Laboratory experiments aimed at defining in vitro and in vivo outcomes are required, and reliable low-intensity magnetic field exposure systems are needed. In the present study, we have performed the analytical and numerical design of a novel magnetic exposure system suitable for different biological applications, such as magnetoliposome drug delivery, ex vivo experiments on brain slices, and in vivo studies. This system is able to generate intensities of the order of mT in a frequency range from ELF to 20 kHz

A Versatile Magnetic Exposure System for In-Vitro, Ex-Vivo, and In-Vivo Experiments Finalized to Therapeutic Applications in the if Range

The use of magnetic fields in therapeutic applications has considerably increased in recent years. In particular, many researchers have focused their attention on the use of low-intensity magnetic fields, either alone or in combination with nanoparticles for drug delivery systems in nanomedicine. Laboratory experiments aimed at defining in vitro and in vivo outcomes are required, and reliable low-intensity magnetic field exposure systems are needed. In the present study, we have performed the analytical and numerical design of a novel magnetic exposure system suitable for different biological applications, such as magnetoliposome drug delivery, ex vivo experiments on brain slices, and in vivo studies. This system is able to generate intensities of the order of mT in a frequency range from ELF to 20 kHz

Central noradrenergic activity affects analgesic effect of Neuropeptide S

Background Neuropeptide S (NPS) is an endogenous neuropeptide controlling anxiolysis, wakefulness, and analgesia. NPS containing neurons exist near to the locus coeruleus (LC) involved in the descending anti-nociceptive system. NPS interacts with central noradrenergic neurons; thus brain noradrenergic signaling may be involved in NPS-induced analgesia. We tested NPS analgesia in noradrenergic neuron-lesioned rats using a selective LC noradrenergic neurotoxin, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4). Methods A total 66 male Sprague–Dawley rats weighing 350–450 g were used. Analgesic effects of NPS were evaluated using hot-plate and tail-flick test with or without DSP-4. The animal allocated into 3 groups; hot-plate with NPS alone intracerebroventricular (icv) (0.0, 1.0, 3.3, and 10.0 nmol), tail-flick NPS alone icv (0.0 and 10.0 nmol), and hot-plate with NPS and DSP-4 (0 or 50 mg/kg ip). In hot-plate with NPS and DSP-4 group, noradrenaline content in the cerebral cortex, pons, hypothalamus, were measured. Results NPS 10 nmol icv prolonged hot plate (%MPE) but not tail flick latency at 30 and 40 min after administration. DSP-4 50 mg/kg decreased noradrenaline content in the all 3 regions. The NA depletion inhibited NPS analgesic effect in the hot plate test but not tail flick test. There was a significant correlation between hot plate latency (percentage of maximum possible effect: %MPE) with NPS 10 nmol and NA content in the cerebral cortex (p = 0.017, r 2 = 0.346) which noradrenergic innervation arisen mainly from the LC. No other regions had the correlation. Conclusions NPS analgesia interacts with LC noradrenergic neuronal activity