In vitro Study of the Survival, Reproduction and Morphology of Daphnia pulicaria irradiated with a Low Energy Laser

Articulo científico en open accesDaphnia is a genus of crustaceans that is representative of freshwater communities. The species exhibit a high sensitivity to a wide range of toxic compounds so that they have been used internationally as biomonitors in toxicity tests to evaluate ecosystem conditions such as water quality. It is also a model genus in genetics, epigenetics and reproductive ecology. In this work, we used Daphnia pulicaria as a model to measure the effects of low-energy laser irradiation on survival, reproduction, and morphology variables of parental organisms and their offspring. We used (1) a single clone line of organisms to eliminate interindividual genetic variability; (2) individuals from more than 50 generations after the clone line was established, and offspring from the third brood onwards to dissipate maternal and epigenetic effects, and (3) neonates, those individuals of the species that have less than 48 hours of life, because they are the most sensitive stage to optical stimuli. We analyzed number of deaths, longevity, age at first reproduction, number of offspring per week, number of total offspring during all their life cycle, body size, size of the antennules, and length of the apical spine of the 4th and 5th brood of the irradiated individuals, who were exposed to a blue laser stimulus of 405 nm for 25 minutes with a power of 40 mW at a distance of 50 cm, compared to those of the control (non-irradiated) group

The Radial Distribution of Dust Particles in the HL Tau Disk from ALMA and VLA Observations

Understanding planet formation requires one to discern how dust grows in protoplanetary disks. An important parameter to measure in disks is the maximum dust grain size present. This is usually estimated through measurements of the dust opacity at different millimeter wavelengths assuming optically thin emission and dust opacity dominated by absorption. However, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations have shown that these assumptions might not be correct in the case of protoplanetary disks, leading to overestimation of particle sizes and to underestimation of the disk\u27s mass. Here, we present an analysis of high-quality ALMA and Very Large Array images of the HL Tau protoplanetary disk, covering a wide range of wavelengths, from 0.8 mm to 1 cm, and with a physical resolution of ~7.35 au. We describe a procedure to analyze a set of millimeter images without any assumption about the optical depth of the emission, and including the effects of absorption and scattering in the dust opacity. This procedure allows us to obtain the dust temperature, the dust surface density, and the maximum particle size at each radius. In the HL Tau disk, we found that particles have already grown to a few millimeters in size. We detect differences in the dust properties between dark and bright rings, with dark rings containing low dust density and small dust particles. Different features in the HL Tau disk seem to have different origins. Planet–disk interactions can explain substructure in the external half of the disk, but the internal rings seem to be associated with the presence of snow lines of several molecules

Basal procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and presepsin for prediction of mortality in critically ill septic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Biomarkers; Mortality; SepsisBiomarcadores; Mortalidad; SepsisBiomarcadors; Mortalitat; SèpsiaBackground Numerous biomarkers have been proposed for diagnosis, therapeutic, and prognosis in sepsis. Previous evaluations of the value of biomarkers for predicting mortality due to this life-threatening condition fail to address the complexity of this condition and the risk of bias associated with prognostic studies. We evaluate the predictive performance of four of these biomarkers in the prognosis of mortality through a methodologically sound evaluation. Methods We conducted a systematic review a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine, in critically ill adults with sepsis, whether procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and presepsin (sCD14) are independent prognostic factors for mortality. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to March 2023. Only Phase-2 confirmatory prognostic factor studies among critically ill septic adults were included. Random effects meta-analyses pooled the prognostic association estimates. Results We included 60 studies (15,681 patients) with 99 biomarker assessments. Quality of the statistical analysis and reporting domains using the QUIPS tool showed high risk of bias in > 60% assessments. The biomarker measurement as a continuous variable in models adjusted by key covariates (age and severity score) for predicting mortality at 28–30 days showed a null or near to null association for basal PCT (pooled OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.99–1.003), CRP (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.17), and IL-6 (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01–1.03) and sCD14 (pooled HR = 1.003, 95% CI = 1.000 to 1.006). Additional meta-analyses accounting for other prognostic covariates had similarly null findings. Conclusion Baseline, isolated measurement of PCT, CRP, IL-6, and sCD14 has not been shown to help predict mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis. The role of these biomarkers should be evaluated in new studies where the patient selection would be standardized and the measurement of biomarker results.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain and European Union (“Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, Una manera de hacer Europa”), grant number [PI 19/0048]

The VLA view of the HL Tau Disk - Disk Mass, Grain Evolution, and Early Planet Formation

The first long-baseline ALMA campaign resolved the disk around the young star HL Tau into a number of axisymmetric bright and dark rings. Despite the very young age of HL Tau these structures have been interpreted as signatures for the presence of (proto)planets. The ALMA images triggered numerous theoretical studies based on disk-planet interactions, magnetically driven disk structures, and grain evolution. Of special interest are the inner parts of disks, where terrestrial planets are expected to form. However, the emission from these regions in HL Tau turned out to be optically thick at all ALMA wavelengths, preventing the derivation of surface density profiles and grain size distributions. Here, we present the most sensitive images of HL Tau obtained to date with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at 7.0 mm wavelength with a spatial resolution comparable to the ALMA images. At this long wavelength the dust emission from HL Tau is optically thin, allowing a comprehensive study of the inner disk. We obtain a total disk dust mass of 0.001 - 0.003 Msun, depending on the assumed opacity and disk temperature. Our optically thin data also indicate fast grain growth, fragmentation, and formation of dense clumps in the inner densest parts of the disk. Our results suggest that the HL Tau disk may be actually in a very early stage of planetary formation, with planets not already formed in the gaps but in the process of future formation in the bright rings.Comment: Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letter

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento de Santander.

El conflicto armado ha ocasionado hechos violentos dejando un sin sabor en personas afectadas con traumas psicológicos, secuelas emocionales y la invisibilidad de daños que han ido reparando poco a poco siendo víctimas de situaciones de violencia, y hasta tener que salir de sus tierras por protegerse así mismo. Gente que no tiene escrúpulos en cometer actos de violencia, teniendo que emancipar de sus territorios desplazándose de manera forzada a lugares seguros para defenderse de diversas situaciones buscando un mejor porvenir y demostrándose así mismo el poder de resiliencia y empoderamiento en ellos. A partir de los enfoques narrativos se efectúa las lecturas de cinco relatos y se desarrolla un análisis. Luego, cada participante realiza dicho análisis y se escoge uno de manera unánime: la narración 5 de Carlos Arturo, en el cual se amplifica la reflexión. Desde las posiciones subjetivas e impactos psicosociales y desde el contexto de la narrativa, se plantea 3 preguntas circulares, 3 preguntas reflexivas y 3 preguntas estratégicas en relación a la narrativa de Carlos Arturo. Se presenta un trabajo escrito para abordar el caso de Peñas Coloradas y 3 estrategias de abordaje psicosocial. Palabras clave: impactos psicosociales, resiliencia, violencia, conflicto armado.The armed conflict has caused violent acts leaving a bad taste in people affected with psychological trauma, emotional sequels, and the invisibility of damages that have been repaired little by little being victims of violent situations, and even having to leave their lands to protect themselves. People who have no scruples in committing acts of violence, have to emancipate themselves from their territories by forcibly moving to safe places to defend themselves from various situations in search of a better future and demonstrating the power of resilience and empowerment in them. Based on narrative approaches, five stories are read and analyzed. Then, each participant carries out the analysis and one is chosen unanimously: Carlos Arturo's narrative 5, in which the reflection is amplified. From the subjective positions and psychosocial impacts and from the context of the narrative, 3 circular questions, 3 reflective questions, and 3 strategic questions are raised in relation to Carlos Arturo's narrative. A written work is presented to address the case of Peñas Coloradas and 3 psychosocial approach strategies. Keywords: psychosocial impacts, resilience, violence, armed conflict

Propuesta Supply Chain Management y Logística en la empresa Mayorautos S.A.S

El presente trabajo es realizado por el grupo 20 del curso Diplomado de Profundización Supply Chain Management y Logística, con el fin de realizar una introspección a todos los aspectos de la gestión de la cadena de suministro de la empresa MAYORAUTOS S.A.S. Se pretende denotar el análisis realizado a los procesos actuales y a todas las áreas de la compañía, así mismo aprovechar la disposición de MAYORAUTOS S.A.S como distribuidora oficial de vehículos y repuestos Mazda a nivel nacional, en cuento la generación del espacio para el desarrollo del diplomado. Durante el transcurso del diplomado, como estudiantes adquirimos los conocimientos y apropiación que nos indica de cómo estos deben ser aplicados en cualquier organización como futuros ingenieros industriales tenemos la capacidad de implementar este sistema y realizar procesos de mejora en cada uno de las áreas que integra, los cuales fueron implementados en los 10 capítulos que integra la actividad, haciendo énfasis en los diferentes contenidos que integra un proceso de la cadena de abastecimiento y gracias a la investigación nos permite tener fundamentos y expresar de la mejor manera la fase 12 del diplomado de profundización en Supply Chain Management y Logística. La consolidación de un sistema de gestión de cadenas de suministros determinara para MAYORAUTOS S.A.S diversas mejoras en diferentes aspectos a través del desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y la adquisición de equipos y la mejora de la capacidad del personal que desarrolla las actividades que involucran estas inversiones.This work is carried out by group 20 of the Diploma of Deepening course Supply Chain Management and Logistics, in order to introspect all aspects of the supply chain management of the company MAYORAUTOS S.A.S. It is intended to denote the analysis carried out on the current processes and all areas of the company, as well as taking advantage the provision of MAYORAUTOS S.A.S as an official distributor of Mazda vehicles and spare parts at the national level, in terms of the generation of space for the development of the diploma. During the course of the diploma, as students we acquire the knowledge and appropriation that tells us how these should be applied in any organization such as future industrial engineers have the ability to implement this system and carry out processes of improvement in each of the areas it integrates, which were implemented in the 10 chapters that integrates the activity, emphasizing the different contents that integrate a process of the supply chain and thanks to research it allows us to have foundations and express the better way phase 12 of the deepening diploma in Supply Chain Management and Logistics. The consolidation of a supply chain management system will determine MAYORAUTOS S.A.S various improvements in different aspects through the development of new technologies and the acquisition of equipment and the improvement of the capacity of the personnel who develop the activities involving these investments

Impact of the COVID pandemic on vascular access creation for haemodialysis in 16 spanish haemodialysis centres

The coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic has resulted in a major disruption in healthcare that has affected several medical and surgical specialties. European and American Vascular Societies have proposed deferring the creation of an elective vascular access (VA) [autologous or prosthetic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or arteriovenous graft (AVG)] in incident patients on haemodialysis (HD) in the era of the COVID pandemic. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the COVID pandemic on VA creation and the central venous catheter (CVC)-related hospitalizations and complications in HD patients dialyzed in 16 Spanish HD units of three different regions. We compared retrospectively two periods of time: the pre-COVID (1 January 2019-11 March 2020) and the COVID era (12 March 2020-30 June 2021) in all HD patients (prevalent and incident) dialyzed in our 16 HD centres. The variables analysed were type of VA (CVC, AVF and AVG) created, percentage of CVC in incident and prevalent HD patients, CVC-related hospitalizations and complications (infection, extrusion, disfunction, catheter removal) and percentage of CVC HD sessions that did not reach the goal of Kt (>45) as a marker of HD adequacy. A total of 1791 VAs for HD were created and 905 patients started HD during the study period. Patients who underwent vascular access surgery during the COVID period compared with pre-COVID period were significantly younger, with a significant decrease in surgical activity to create AVFs and AVGs in older HD patients (>75 and >85 years of age). There was a significant increase in CVC placement (from 59.7% to 69.5%; P 45) was observed. COVID has presented a public health system crisis that has influenced VA for HD, with an increase in CVCs relative to AVFs. A decrease in HD sessions that did not reach the HD dose objective was observed in the COVID period compared with a pre-COVID period

El primer año de la pandemia – ¿Qué hemos aprendido del SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19?

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Turismo y Género. Una mirada desde Iberoamérica

En las últimas cuatro décadas ha crecido el interés de la academia, gobiernos y organizaciones internacionales por estudiar cómo ha sido, en qué circunstancias y qué efectos ha traído la incorporación de las mujeres al turismo. De esta forma se inicia un debate internacional en el que se cuestionan, por un lado, los efectos negativos de esta actividad en la vida de las mujeres y, por el otro, se realzan beneficios económicos que mejoran su calidad de vida y la de sus familias. A pesar del interés y la importante participación de mujeres en el sector turístico, aún son insuficientes los estudios enfocados en explicar y evidenciar su situación laboral. En este contexto, surge la idea de publicar un libro que compilara trabajos recientes en torno a las condiciones de las trabajadoras en el sector turístico de Iberoamérica.Esta obra se compone de tres secciones, Aproximaciones teórico metodológicas, Mujer y turismo en zonas rurales y La mujer en empresas turísticas, cuyas investigaciones abordan distintos temas para evidenciar los problemas enfrentados por las mujeres, proponer diversas soluciones y comprender su escenario laboral. En la primera sección, hay dos capítulos que proponen marcos teóricos para analizar el empoderamiento de las mujeres en el turismo rural. Los resultados de investigaciones de la segunda sección visibilizan las desigualdades, reflexionan y proponen acciones para mejorar las condiciones de las trabajadoras turísticas. En la última, en los tres capítulos, concentrados en las actividades empresariales, se estudian las desventajas y obstáculos de la empleada en alguna compañía turística.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México