Scientific Writing Course and Infotechnology on Vvirtual Platform Moodle: Results and Experiences

En la actualidad el conocimiento y dominio de las técnicas de redacción para la elaboración de artículos científicos, así como el dominio de la Infotecnología es indispensable, en el ámbito profesional y académico. El objetivo del trabajo es proporcionar los conocimientos y habilidades en la redacción científica, aplicación de herramientas en la búsqueda y su gestión de la información. El programa ofrece actividades que facilitan el trabajo colaborativo, la evaluación y la coevaluación. Se concluye que el curso virtual de Redacción Científica e Infotecnología favorece el trabajo en grupos y la adquisición de habilidades para redactar artículos científicos.At present the knowledge and mastery of writing techniques for the preparation of scientific papers, as well as the domain of Infotechnology, is indispensable in the professional and academic areas. The objective of this paper is to provide the knowledge and skills in scientific writing, usage of search tools and information management. The program offers activities which facilitate collaborative work, evaluation and coevaluation. As a conclusion, the virtual course on Science Writing and Infotechnology encourages teamwork and the ability to write scientific articles

The identification of runs of homozygosity give a focus on the genetic diversity and the adaptation of the "Charolais de Cuba" cattle

Altres ajuts: CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.Inbreeding and effective population size (Ne) are fundamental indicators for the management and conservation of genetic diversity in populations. Genomic inbreeding gives accurate estimates of inbreeding, and the Ne determines the rate of the loss of genetic variation. The objective of this work was to study the distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in order to estimate genomic inbreeding (FROH) and an effective population size using 38,789 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Illumina Bovine 50K BeadChip in 86 samples from populations of Charolais de Cuba (n = 40) cattle and to compare this information with French (n = 20) and British Charolais (n = 26) populations. In the Cuban, French, and British Charolais populations, the average estimated genomic inbreeding values using the FROH statistics were 5.7%, 3.4%, and 4%, respectively. The dispersion measured by variation coefficient was high at 43.9%, 37.0%, and 54.2%, respectively. The effective population size experienced a very similar decline during the last century in Charolais de Cuba (from 139 to 23 individuals), in French Charolais (from 142 to 12), and in British Charolais (from 145 to 14) for the ~20 last generations. However, the high variability found in the ROH indicators and FROH reveals an opportunity for maintaining the genetic diversity of this breed with an adequate mating strategy, which can be favored with the use of molecular markers. Moreover, the detected ROH were compared to previous results obtained on the detection of signatures of selection in the same breed. Some of the observed signatures were confirmed by the ROHs, emphasizing the process of adaptation to tropical climate experienced by the Charolais de Cuba population

The Identification of Runs of Homozygosity Gives a Focus on the Genetic Diversity and Adaptation of the “Charolais de Cuba” Cattle

Inbreeding and effective population size (Ne) are fundamental indicators for the management and conservation of genetic diversity in populations. Genomic inbreeding gives accurate estimates of inbreeding, and the Ne determines the rate of the loss of genetic variation. The objective of this work was to study the distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in order to estimate genomic inbreeding (FROH) and an effective population size using 38,789 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Illumina Bovine 50K BeadChip in 86 samples from populations of Charolais de Cuba (n = 40) cattle and to compare this information with French (n = 20) and British Charolais (n = 26) populations. In the Cuban, French, and British Charolais populations, the average estimated genomic inbreeding values using the FROH statistics were 5.7%, 3.4%, and 4%, respectively. The dispersion measured by variation coefficient was high at 43.9%, 37.0%, and 54.2%, respectively. The effective population size experienced a very similar decline during the last century in Charolais de Cuba (from 139 to 23 individuals), in French Charolais (from 142 to 12), and in British Charolais (from 145 to 14) for the ~20 last generations. However, the high variability found in the ROH indicators and FROH reveals an opportunity for maintaining the genetic diversity of this breed with an adequate mating strategy, which can be favored with the use of molecular markers. Moreover, the detected ROH were compared to previous results obtained on the detection of signatures of selection in the same breed. Some of the observed signatures were confirmed by the ROHs, emphasizing the process of adaptation to tropical climate experienced by the Charolais de Cuba population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Las NTI en la educacion a distancia desde el aula virtual veterinaria

La Educación a Distancia, abre campos insospechados en el desarrollo de la Medicina Veterinaria actual y futura, potenciando un despertar de los profesionales veterinarios. Una herramienta que ha aprovechado las nuevas tecnologías, es la multimedia que utiliza las posibilidades de video y audio en general, imágenes y textos. Esta influencia se extiende a las investigaciones Desde veterinaria.org se desarrollan cursos a través de la plataforma del aula virtual veterinaria www.cursosonline.net desarrollando maestrías, diplomados y cursos de gran aceptación a nivel de todos los profesionales iberoamericanos. Una de las ventajas de estos cursos es que los estudiantes logran habilidades en el empleo de las TIC y son capaces de solucionar problemas de enfermedades que nunca antes se han presentado en un territorio o país.Eje: E-learning: Educación a distanciaRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

LA EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA: UNA MIRADA EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANMA, CUBA

Distance education has become in recent years in an educational practice very useful, motivated largely by the development achieved by the Information and Communication Technologies, facilitating participation in educational programs that are not accessible by old fashion way. It is described the evolution of the mode of reference in the world and its progress. This work aimed to show the emergence and development of distance education at the University of Granma, Cuba and its impact on the professionals. The main results of the training were presented to distance mediated technologies master's degrees, diplomas and courses at international, national and local level. The results showed a very good achievement gratification in postgraduate programs and high professional level of the facilitators is highlighted. It was concluded that distance education at the graduate is effective at the University of Granma, can lead to new opportunities in overcoming the human capital of the territory and the country and internationally, allowing capacity building to enhance the productive activity and promote development.La educación a distancia se ha convertido en los últimos años en una práctica educativa de gran utilidad, motivado en gran medida por el desarrollo alcanzado de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones, facilitando la participación a programas educativos a los que no es posible acceder por la vía tradicional. Se describió la evolución de la modalidad de referencia en el mundo y sus avances. El presente trabajo, tuvo como objetivo mostrar el surgimiento y desarrollo de la educación a distancia en la Universidad de Granma, Cuba y su impacto en los profesionales. Se presentaron los principales frutos de la capacitación a distancia mediada por las tecnologías en maestrías, diplomados y cursos a escala internacional, nacional y territorial. Los resultados reflejaron una muy buena complacencia de los logros de posgrados efectuados y se resalta el alto nivel profesional de los facilitadores. Se concluyó que la educación a distancia en el postgrado es efectiva en la Universidad de Granma, puede propiciar nuevas oportunidades en la superación del capital humano del territorio y del país e internacionalmente, permitiendo crear capacidades para mejorar la actividad productiva e impulsar desarrollo

Whole-genome sequencing reveals insights into the adaptation of French Charolais cattle to Cuban tropical conditions

In the early 20th century, Cuban farmers imported Charolais cattle (CHFR) directly from France. These animals are now known as Chacuba (CHCU) and have become adapted to the rough environmental tropical conditions in Cuba. These conditions include long periods of drought and food shortage with extreme temperatures that European taurine cattle have difficulty coping with. In this study, we used whole-genome sequence data from 12 CHCU individuals together with 60 whole-genome sequences from six additional taurine, indicus and crossed breeds to estimate the genetic diversity, structure and accurate ancestral origin of the CHCU animals. Although CHCU animals are assumed to form a closed population, the results of our admixture analysis indicate a limited introgression of Bos indicus. We used the extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH) approach to identify regions in the genome that may have had an important role in the adaptation of CHCU to tropical conditions. Putative selection events occurred in genomic regions with a high proportion of Bos indicus, but they were not sufficient to explain adaptation of CHCU to tropical conditions by Bos indicus introgression only. EHH suggested signals of potential adaptation in genomic windows that include genes of taurine origin involved in thermogenesis (ATP9A, GABBR1, PGR, PTPN1 and UCP1) and hair development (CCHCR1 and CDSN). Within these genes, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that may have a functional impact and contribute to some of the observed phenotypic differences between CHCU and CHFR animals. Whole-genome data confirm that CHCU cattle are closely related to Charolais from France (CHFR) and Canada, but also reveal a limited introgression of Bos indicus genes in CHCU. We observed possible signals of recent adaptation to tropical conditions between CHCU and CHFR founder populations, which were largely independent of the Bos indicus introgression. Finally, we report candidate genes and variants that may have a functional impact and explain some of the phenotypic differences observed between CHCU and CHFR cattle

Whole-genome sequencing reveals insights into the adaptation of French Charolais cattle to Cuban tropical conditions

Background: In the early 20th century, Cuban farmers imported Charolais cattle (CHFR) directly from France. These animals are now known as Chacuba (CHCU) and have become adapted to the rough environmental tropical condi‑ tions in Cuba. These conditions include long periods of drought and food shortage with extreme temperatures that European taurine cattle have difculty coping with. Results: In this study, we used whole-genome sequence data from 12 CHCU individuals together with 60 wholegenome sequences from six additional taurine, indicus and crossed breeds to estimate the genetic diversity, structure and accurate ancestral origin of the CHCU animals. Although CHCU animals are assumed to form a closed population, the results of our admixture analysis indicate a limited introgression of Bos indicus. We used the extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH) approach to identify regions in the genome that may have had an important role in the adapta‑ tion of CHCU to tropical conditions. Putative selection events occurred in genomic regions with a high proportion of Bos indicus, but they were not sufcient to explain adaptation of CHCU to tropical conditions by Bos indicus introgres‑ sion only. EHH suggested signals of potential adaptation in genomic windows that include genes of taurine origin involved in thermogenesis (ATP9A, GABBR1, PGR, PTPN1 and UCP1) and hair development (CCHCR1 and CDSN). Within these genes, we identifed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that may have a functional impact and contribute to some of the observed phenotypic diferences between CHCU and CHFR animals. Conclusions: Whole-genome data confrm that CHCU cattle are closely related to Charolais from France (CHFR) and Canada, but also reveal a limited introgression of Bos indicus genes in CHCU. We observed possible signals of recent adaptation to tropical conditions between CHCU and CHFR founder populations, which were largely independent of the Bos indicus introgression. Finally, we report candidate genes and variants that may have a functional impact and explain some of the phenotypic diferences observed between CHCU and CHFR cattle.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análisis histórico de la formación del director zonal a partir de la introducción de la computación en la escuela primaria

En este artículo se presentan apuntes para el análisis histórico de la formación permanente del director zonal a partir de la introducción de la computación en la escuela primaria en el contexto cubano. La revisión documental posibilitó determinar dos etapas: desde 1971 – 1999 “Transformaciones en las vías para la formación permanente del director zonal”; y del 2000 hasta 2014 “Profundización en el tratamiento del uso de la computadora en la escuela primaria”

Análisis histórico de la formación del director zonal a partir de la introducción de la computación en la escuela primaria

In this article some reviews useful for the historical analysis of the permanent formation of the zone director since the introduction of informatics in primary schools in the Cuban context are presented. The research carried out made possible the determination of two phases: from 1971 to 1999”Transformations in the ways for the permanent formation of the zone director” and from 2000 to 2014 “Focus in the treatment and usage of the computer in the primary school”.En este artículo se presentan apuntes para el análisis histórico de la formación permanente del director zonal a partir de la introducción de la computación en la escuela primaria en el contexto cubano. La revisión documental posibilitó determinar dos etapas: desde 1971 – 1999 “Transformaciones en las vías para la formación permanente del director zonal”; y del 2000 hasta 2014 “Profundización en el tratamiento del uso de la computadora en la escuela primaria”

ANÁLISIS DEL ÍNDICE ACADÉMICO Y DE LA CALIDAD DEL EXAMEN ESTATAL BAJO DOS PLANES DE ESTUDIO

El Examen Estatal es una de las forma de culminación de estudio en la Carrera Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, aplicado desde el curso escolar 1982-1983 y surgió como resultado del perfeccionamiento continúo de los planes y programas en el Ministerio de Educación Superior Cubano, requiriéndose de métodos estadísticos para evaluar su calidad, considerando el índice académico de los estudiantes. La investigación se desarrolló en la Universidad de Granma, con una muestra de cinco cohortes del plan de estudio “C” perfeccionado y una del plan “D” con 553 estudiantes. Se determinaron las medias de la calidad de las calificaciones de los exámenes estatales y del índice académico. Los datos se obtuvieron de los registros de calificaciones que custodia la secretaría docente de la facultad. Para el análisis estadístico del índice académico de cada cohorte se utilizó la comparación de medias y la calidad se evaluó a través de Ji-cuadrada, el nivel de significación se estableció para , ambas pruebas se desarrollaron en el sistema estadístico Stagraphics Plus versión 5.1. El promedio general del índice académico fue 4,07, los graduados en el curso 2004-2005 mostraron resultados significativamente superiores en este indicador. Las cohortes de los graduados en los cursos 2004-2005 y 2011-2012 obtuvieron los valores de calidad más altos del Examen Estatal, correspondientes a los planes de estudio “C” perfeccionado y “D” respectivamente, siendo superior el último, sin diferencia significativa entre ellos. Se concluye que las cohortes investigadas reflejan buenos resultados en los índices académicos y en la calidad del Examen Estatal.PALABRAS CLAVE: Examen Estatal; culminación de estudio; calidad; Medicina Veterinaria.ANALYSIS OF THE AVERAGE GRADE AND THE QUALITY OF THE STATE OWNED EXAM OF THE STUDENT'S GRADUATES DURING TWO STUDIES'S PLANABSTRACTThe state examination is the form of culmination of study in the career Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, that it is applied from 1982-1983 and it springs up as a result of the perfecting it continues of the plains and programs in the Superior Ministry of Education. The investigation develops in Veterinary Medicine´s career at Granma´s University. With five cohorts´s sign of the curriculum perfected “C” and one of the plan “D” with 553 students. It was determined the median of the quality of the grades of the Statal Exams and the average grade. The data got from the records of the Teaching Secretary´s office of the Faculty. The 40 % of the students graduated in the last edition had an interview in order to know the satisfaction with the procedure of the exercise of the culmination of the study. A graphic analysis of medians was utilized for statistical analysis and the quality was evaluated through Ji´s test squared, the level of significance became established for p<0, 05, both test were developed in the system of the statistical analysis Stagraphics Plus version 5.1. The academic index mediates of 4, 07 and the graduates in the course 2004-2005 showed significantly superior results in this indicator. The cohorts graduated in the courses 2004-2005 and 2011 – 2012 achieved the more high results in the quality of the state examination and they correspond to the plain of the study “C” and “D” respectively, by being superior the last one, without significant difference among them. It concludes that the application of the plain “D” perfecting still has not represented significant changes in the behavior of the academic index and the quality of the State Examination. The average index of 4.07 reflects good proven to be academic in the exercise of the culmination of studies, this indicator does not differ significantly from the median, except at the course 04-05, that sign better proven to be significantly different. Better results of quality get in the graduate students of the course 04-05, Plan perfected “C” , and the graduate students of the course 2011-2012, Plan “D” , superior in this last, although does not differ significantly. It is been understood that the investigated cohorts gave good results in the rate academic of graduates and in the quality of the State-owned exam.KEYWORDS: State-owned exam; culmination of study; quality; Veterinary Medicine