The reproductive cycle of Chamelea gallina (L., 1758) (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in three populations from the Andalusian coast (southern Spain)

The gametogenic cycle of three populations of Chamelea gallina (L., 1758) from the Andalusian coast (southern Spain) was determined by means of histological methods and variations in dry weight. The pattern shown was very similar in all of them. In Atlantic populations (Punta Umbría and Doñana), spawning occured between January and September, and a short period of sexual repose took place from the end of September until November, when gametogenesis began. In the Mediterranean population (Fuengirola), spawning lasted almost the entire year, even though in autumn and winter spawning percentage was lower than in spring and summer. The size at sexual maturity was established as 16 mm.Se ha establecido el ciclo gametogénico de tres poblaciones de Chamelea gallina (L., 1758) del litoral andaluz, utilizando métodos histológicos e índices de condición. El patrón fue bastante similar en las tres poblaciones. En las suratlánticas (Punta Umbría y Doñana) se observó un amplio periodo de emisión que abarcó desde enero hasta septiembre y un corto periodo de reposo sexual desde finales de septiembre hasta noviembre, a partir del cual comenzó la gametogénesis. En la población surmediterránea (Fuengirola) el periodo de emisión abarcó casi la totalidad del año, si bien en los meses más fríos (otoño e invierno) el porcentaje de ejemplares en puesta fue más bajo que en los meses cálidos (primavera y verano). La talla de madurez sexual se ha establecido en 16 mm.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Histomorphological study of the digestive tract of the oyster Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck, 1819), and distribution of carbohydrates

We present a histomorphological description of the digestive tract of the oyster Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck, 1819), as well as a histochemical study of its carbohydrate distribution. The study shows that, in general, glycogen is found in the connective tissue, and neutral mucopolysaccharides/glycoproteins and/or acid mucosubstances in the epithelium and basal cell layers. Glycogen was not detected in the digestive gland, possibly because of its mobilization to the connective tissue for reproduction.Se realiza una descripción histomorfológica del aparato digestivo del ostión Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck, 1819) y se pone de manifiesto la distribución de carbohidratos mediante técnicas histoquímicas. La pauta general observada es la presencia de glucógeno en el tejido conjuntivo y de mucopolisacáridos/glicoproteínas neutras y/o ácidas en las membranas basales y el epitelio. En la glándula digestiva no se observa glucógeno debido, posiblemente, a su movilización hacia el tejido conjuntivo para su posterior uso con fines reproductivos.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Spatial distribution and community structure of megabenthic bivalves in the subtidal area of the Gulf of Cádiz (SW Spain)

VENUSEstudio integral de los bancos naturales de moluscos bivalvos en el Golfo de Cádiz para su gestión sostenible y la conservación de sus hábitats asociado

Spatial distribution patterns of the striped venus clam (Chamelea gallina, L. 1758) natural beds in the Gulf of Cádiz (SW Spain)

VENUSEstudio integral de los bancos naturales de moluscos bivalvos en el Golfo de Cádiz para su gestión sostenible y la conservación de sus hábitats asociado

Evaluation of the efficacy of novaluron 0.2 % GR for the control of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Diptera).

Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is the main vector of dengue, zika and chikungunya in the Americas. These diseases have a significant impact on public health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), controlling these diseases requires a comprehensive approach, and the control of larvae is a part of that strategy. Insect growth regulator (IGR) insecticides stand out as an efficient alternative for facilitating the control of Ae. aegypti at immature stages. The main goal was to evaluate the effectiveness of IGR novaluron 0.2 % GR, in the 50, 90, 95 and 99 lethal concentrations (LC) for fourth-instar larvae of Ae. aegypti in the laboratory. In field conditions, the percentage of inhibition of emergence was estimated by using the LC levels obtained in the laboratory through two methods of water management with refill and without refill in 40 L recipients. The study was carried out in 30 homes in a neighborhood with a high incidence of dengue in Medellin (Antioquia, Colombia). The bioassays completed indicated that LC 50, 90, 95 and 99 corresponded to 0.019, 0.055, 0.065 and 0.084 mg/L, respectively. The field results indicated that novaluron 0.2 % GR efficiently inhibited the emergence of adult Ae. aegypti, suggesting that the product has potential as a population regulator at very low concentrations. The product is considered extremely useful for programs to prevent and control dengue, zika and chikungunya

Basic Reproduction Number of Chikungunya Virus Transmitted by Aedes Mosquitoes

We estimated the weighted mean basic reproduction number (R0) of chikungunya virus based on outbreak size. R0 was 3.4 (95% CI 2.4–4.2) and varied for 2 primary chi- kungunya mosquito vectors: 4.1 (95% CI 1.5–6.6) for Ae- des aegypti and 2.8 (95% CI 1.8–3.8) for Ae. albopictu

Investigación y gestión pesquera como elementos clave para alcanzar la sostenibilidad de la pesquería de chirla Chamelea gallina (Linnaeus, 1758) en las aguas españolas del Golfo de Cádiz

Fondos FEMP Andalucí

Relationship between damage and mortality in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: Cluster analyses in a large cohort from the Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Registry (RELESSER)

Objectives: To identify patterns (clusters) of damage manifestation within a large cohort of juvenile SLE (jSLE) patients and evaluate their possible association with mortality. Methods: This is a multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional study of a cohort of 345 jSLE patients from the Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Registry. Organ damage was ascertained using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index. Using cluster analysis, groups of patients with similar patterns of damage manifestation were identified and compared. Results: Mean age (years) ± S.D. at diagnosis was 14.2 ± 2.89; 88.7% were female and 93.4% were Caucasian. Mean SLICC/ACR DI ± S.D. was 1.27 ± 1.63. A total of 12 (3.5%) patients died. Three damage clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (72.7% of patients) presented a lower number of individuals with damage (22.3% vs. 100% in Clusters 2 and 3, P < 0.001); Cluster 2 (14.5% of patients) was characterized by renal damage in 60% of patients, significantly more than Clusters 1 and 3 (P < 0.001), in addition to increased more ocular, cardiovascular and gonadal damage; Cluster 3 (12.7%) was the only group with musculoskeletal damage (100%), significantly higher than in Clusters 1 and 2 (P < 0.001). The overall mortality rate in Cluster 2 was 2.2 times higher than that in Cluster 3 and 5 times higher than that in Cluster 1 (P < 0.017 for both comparisons). Conclusions: In a large cohort of jSLE patients, renal and musculoskeletal damage manifestations were the two dominant forms of damage by which patients were sorted into clinically meaningful clusters. We found two clusters of jSLE with important clinical damage that were associated with higher rates of mortality, especially for the cluster of patients with predominant renal damage. Physicians should be particularly vigilant to the early prevention of damage in this subset of jSLE patients with kidney involvement

Associated factors to serious infections in a large cohort of juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus from Lupus Registry (RELESSER).

Objective: To assess the incidence of serious infection (SI) and associated factors in a large juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) retrospective cohort. Methods: All patients in the Spanish Rheumatology Society Lupus Registry (RELESSER) who meet =4 ACR-97 SLE criteria and disease onset <18 years old (jSLE), were retrospectively investigated for SI (defined as either the need for hospitalization with antibacterial therapy for a potentially fatal infection or death caused by the infection). Standardized SI rate was calculated per 100 patient years. Patients with and without SI were compared. Bivariate and multivariate logistic and Cox regression models were built to calculate associated factors to SI and relative risks. Results: A total of 353 jSLE patients were included: 88.7% female, 14.3 years (± 2.9) of age at diagnosis, 16.0 years (± 9.3) of disease duration and 31.5 years (±10.5) at end of follow-up. A total of 104 (29.5%) patients suffered 205 SI (1, 55.8%; 2-5, 38.4%; and =6, 5.8%). Incidence rate was 3.7 (95%CI: 3.2–4.2) SI per 100 patient years. Respiratory location and bacterial infections were the most frequent. Higher number of SLE classification criteria, SLICC/ACR DI score and immunosuppressants use were associated to the presence of SI. Associated factors to shorter time to first infection were higher number of SLE criteria, splenectomy and immunosuppressants use. Conclusions: The risk of SI in jSLE patients is significant and higher than aSLE. It is associated to higher number of SLE criteria, damage accrual, some immunosuppressants and splenectomy