Sueño y estrés en los funcionarios de la Comunidad Autónoma de Murcia.

La calidad del sueño no se refiere únicamente a dormir bien, sino que lleva implícito tener un buen desempeño durante el día y puede verse afectada por distintos factores. Estar alerta y rendir adecuadamente es primordial para la seguridad, sobre todo en el mundo laboral. En muchos contextos que requieren niveles de rendimiento óptimos, los efectos nocivos de la somnolencia excesiva diurna son peligrosos. El estrés organizacional es un campo en rápida expansión, determinado por divergencias acerca de la terminología y conceptualizaciones, pero con similitudes claras sobre cuáles son las variables claves y sus relaciones causa efecto. Objetivo: Analizar y estudiar el sueño y el estrés en la población funcionaria de la Comunidad de la Región de Murcia. Método: Estudio descriptivo-observacional, transversal y prospectivo a través de un cuestionario autoadministrado. Se realizó un análisis de los resultados no comparativo, tipo estudio de prevalencia. La distribución del problema de salud se realizó en función de las variables descriptoras, llevando a cabo un estudio comparativo con el fin de analizar la influencia o asociación que existe entre somnolencia diurna, calidad del sueño, ritmo circadiano, nivel de estrés y hábitos de sueño. Resultados: Más de un tercio de trabajadores reportaron mala calidad del sueño. Se clasificaron 285 trabajadores con un perfil matutino (59,9%) y 175 (41,1%) con carácter vespertinointermedio. Ser trabajador público con turno fijo de mañana y tener un cronotipo vespertino fueron factores predictivos independientes de incrementar sustancialmente la mala calidad del sueño. Ser mujer y tener mala higiene del sueño fueron factores de riego de sufrir somnolencia excesiva diurna. La puntuación media en la versión final del cuestionario Student Stress Inventory-Stress Manifestationsfue fue de 33,92 ± 9,32. Después de excluir dos ítems en el análisis de homogeneidad, encontramos que era útil para identificar factores estresantes y síntomas de estrés en los trabajadores públicos. Todos los factores presentaron un valor α de Cronbach apropiado, y en todos los ítems hubo una correlación con su factor que excedió 0.300. Conclusiones: Las administraciones deben fomentar un cambio de hábitos y crear una mayor concienciación sobre los efectos de la mala calidad del sueño y la somnolencia excesiva diurna en los trabajadores públicos. Son necesarias herramientas sencillas para la medición del estrés en los empleados públicos. El cuestionario Student Stress Inventory-Stress Manifestations puede ser utilizada por los Servicios de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales para la detección precoz del estrés laboral, evitando algunas de sus consecuencias nocivas. Debe tenerse en cuenta que existe una delgada línea entre el trabajo y la familia, que los trabajadores tienden a trasladar el trabajo y las inquietudes al hogar, aumentando así los niveles de estrés.Enfermerí

Reliability and Validity of a Stress Scale in Public Employees from Murcia (Spain)

Stress is common in all work environments. Technostress and the difficulty of separating the family arena from the work environment are some of the new and emerging risks faced by companies, employees and society in general. Most of the available instruments for measuring stress in workers have been focused on education professionals and healthcare workers. Therefore, it is necessary to validate simple and friendly-use tools to detect stress levels in public workers. The aim of this study was to determine the internal consistency of an adapted version of the Student Stress Inventory-Stress Manifestations (SSI-SM) for public employees and to determine if high-stress levels are related to personal and work-related factors. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted from October 2016 to February 2019 including 468 Spanish public workers based in Murcia. An adapted version of the SSI-SM was administered and data on personal and work-related factors were collected. Results showed that all of the factors had Cronbach’s α over 0.700, and no items need to be deleted due to correlations with the factor exceeding 0.300. Factor 1, “Self-concept”, has a Cronbach’s α of 0.868, with values of 15.62 ± 4.99; factor 2, “Sociability”, Cronbach’s α: 0.853, with mean values of 13.33 ± 4.17; factor 3, “Somatization”, Cronbach’s α: 0.704, mean value of 5.35 ± 1.90 and: factor 4, “Uncertainty”, Cronbach’s α: 0.746, with a mean value of 8.19 ± 2.51. In conclusion, the internal consistency of the adapted SSI-SM for public employees with different work positions and shifts has been validated and determined. This study provides a useful tool for the early detection of stress in public employees and may be potentially useful for preventing the harmful consequences of stres

I Olimpiada de Documentación de la Universidad de Salamanca

Memoria ID12-0276. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2012-2013

Occupational Therapy in Severe Mental Disorder—A Self-Controlled Quasi-Experimental Study

Severe mental disorder (SMD) produces a significant functional limitation that affects the performance of daily activities. The occupational therapist intervenes on this limitation by seeking greater autonomy of these patients through specific activities. This study aims to identify the main limitations of people with SMD and to examine whether an occupational intervention has any effect in helping to overcome or ameliorate these limitations. A quasi-experimental study including 103 participants was carried out. An evaluation using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) questionnaire was performed before and after the intervention. Within the activity program, those with a higher attendance rating during cognitive stimulation, cooking workshop, therapeutic walks, relaxation, and creative activities were mainly men. Both patients and professionals indicated that Understanding and Communicating, Participation in Society, and Activities of Daily Living were the main perceived limitations. Upon discharge, patients and professionals reported positive outcomes. The intervention programs carried out by occupational therapy, along with the other aspects of the treatment that SMD patients received, played an important part in improving the performance and occupational interests of these patients

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Work Shift and Circadian Rhythm as Risk Factors for Poor Sleep Quality in Public Workers from Murcia (Spain)

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep quality and to investigate variables predicting the risk of poor sleep quality in public workers from Murcia (Spain). A cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted from October 2013 to February 2016 in 476 public workers. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to measure the quality of sleep, and the reduced scale of the Horne and Österberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire was applied to analyze the circadian typology. The predictive variables of self-reported poor sleep quality were identified by multivariate logistic regression. No significant differences were found according to sex in the overall sleep quality scores (5 ± 2.9 versus 5.1 ± 3, p = 0.650), but there were in the duration of sleep. Three percent of females slept <5 hours compared to 2% of men (p = 0.034). Fixed morning shifts (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.3–3.1; p = 0.007) and evening chronotypes (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.3; p = 0.017) were independent predictors of suffering from poor sleep quality. In conclusion, the frequency of self-reported poor sleep quality among public workers from Murcia was 37.4%. Being a public worker with a fixed morning shift and having an evening chronotype demonstrated to be associated with the quality of sleep

Reliability and Validity of a Stress Scale in Public Employees from Murcia (Spain)

Stress is common in all work environments. Technostress and the difficulty of separating the family arena from the work environment are some of the new and emerging risks faced by companies, employees and society in general. Most of the available instruments for measuring stress in workers have been focused on education professionals and healthcare workers. Therefore, it is necessary to validate simple and friendly-use tools to detect stress levels in public workers. The aim of this study was to determine the internal consistency of an adapted version of the Student Stress Inventory-Stress Manifestations (SSI-SM) for public employees and to determine if high-stress levels are related to personal and work-related factors. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted from October 2016 to February 2019 including 468 Spanish public workers based in Murcia. An adapted version of the SSI-SM was administered and data on personal and work-related factors were collected. Results showed that all of the factors had Cronbach’s α over 0.700, and no items need to be deleted due to correlations with the factor exceeding 0.300. Factor 1, “Self-concept”, has a Cronbach’s α of 0.868, with values of 15.62 ± 4.99; factor 2, “Sociability”, Cronbach’s α: 0.853, with mean values of 13.33 ± 4.17; factor 3, “Somatization”, Cronbach’s α: 0.704, mean value of 5.35 ± 1.90 and: factor 4, “Uncertainty”, Cronbach’s α: 0.746, with a mean value of 8.19 ± 2.51. In conclusion, the internal consistency of the adapted SSI-SM for public employees with different work positions and shifts has been validated and determined. This study provides a useful tool for the early detection of stress in public employees and may be potentially useful for preventing the harmful consequences of stress