118 research outputs found

    A NEW EJECTOR DESIGN METHOD DISCLOSES POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS TO THE PERFORMANCE OF JET-PUMP CYCLE REFRIGERATORS

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    Theoretical and Experimental Activity on Ejector Refrigeration

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    Abstract Ejector refrigeration has been studied at DIEF (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Firenze) since the '90s. Use of environmentally safe fluids (steam) was addressed. A two-stage prototype with cooling capacity 5 kW was optimized and built. Later, the CRMC prescription for the design of the supersonic diffuser was focused. By a gradual reduction of the fluid velocity and a continuous profile, the CRMC design promises a reduction of the normal shock that usually develops in the mixing chamber. A second 40 kWf prototype was designed in 2010 for an industrial partner (Frigel Firenze s.p.a.). The design procedure used a thermodynamic code accounting for real gas behavior. This code gives a first design of the mixing chamber and diffuser according to the CRMC criterion. It also gives an estimation of the friction loss along the diffuser. A comparison between different operating fluids was performed and resulted in the selection of R245fa. A first design of the ejector was manufactured in carbon fiber. The primary nozzle is mounted on a movable support, in order to change its axial position with respect to the mixing chamber. In terms of COP, first results were below the values predicted by the simulation code. Meanwhile a numerical simulation was in progress with FLUENT. From the first CFD results it was decided that the diffuser throat had to be moved forward from the primary nozzle exit, in order to allow a complete mixing between the primary and secondary flows, and enlarged, the losses encountered in the mixing process being higher than expected and hence the fluid density lower. This produced a second ejector design, which was manufactured and tested in 2012, showing improved performance. These results suggested a third design, with a further lengthened diffuser, which has undergone a complete testing campaign, allowing validation of the CFD results. The activity performed till now suggests that ejector refrigeration plants have a robust operation and can be easily manufactured at relatively low cost with off-the-shelf components, a part from the ejector itself, which however represents a small fraction of the system cost. However, the COP is lower with respect to absorption refrigeration and hence needs substantial improvement through detailed thermodynamic and CFD design optimization

    Estrategias de las personas privadas de libertad y familiares frente a situaciones de salud que enfrentan en el encierro

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    En este trabajo me propuse conocer y caracterizar las estrategias desplegadas por las personas privadas de libertad y sus familiares en el contexto de encierro para acceder a la atención sanitaria. Se trata de un trabajo que condensa mis saberes a partir de mi inserción profesional en la Comisión Provincial por la Memoria, donde desde el año 2011 monitoreo (junto a un equipo de trabajo) las cárceles de la provincia de Buenos Aires y entrevisto en forma privada en sus espacios de detención a las personas que padecen el encierro. Realizo una investigación exploratoria con metodología cualitativa, a través de entrevistas en profundidad a detenidos y familiares, las cuales fueron realizadas en los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2020,con el objetivo de conocer no sólo las condiciones de encierro y su lugar determinante frente a la producción de enfermedad sino también qué estrategias y acciones despliegan para poder enfrentarlas en intentos de construcción de una salud diferente, de resistencia. Dichas entrevistas semi estructuradas fueron realizadas a través de llamadas telefónicas con previo acuerdo y consentimiento de las personas a ser entrevistadas. Se eligió realizarlas de manera telefónica dado que las mismas fueron concretadas en contexto de Aislamiento Social y Preventivo por COVID. La centralidad está dada en las palabras de quienes viven el encierro y sus familiares. Esto además de ser una propuesta y decisión metodológica es una decisión ético-político, convencida de que son ellos y ellas quien tienen los saberes propios del padecimiento cotidiano del encierro y que suele desestimarse, no habiendo escenarios para su escucha más que convocándolos desde su lugar “de delincuentes o en falta” para la sociedad. En esta investigación se pudo conocer que las personas privadas de libertad y sus familiares despliegan estrategias frente a la desatención de salud. Estas estrategias fueron descriptas y abordadas en las entrevistas y sus análisis y asimismo, en este trabajo se aborda las modalidades en que se imprime la violencia en el encierro, generando enfermedades y escenarios para su reproducción. Pudiendo así arribar que la salud-enfermedad-cuidado en el encierro debe ser entendida y conceptualizada a partir de los sufrimientos y vivencias que en su interior se desarrollan por los actores centrales que la padecen: los y las privados/as de libertad.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

    Implementation of satellite blood-culture system in an emergency department: impact of time-to-results in sepsis detection

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    The aim of this study is to compare the time differences in the detection of sepsis, making a comparison between the TAT (turnaround time) of blood cultures in the Emergency Department (ED) compared to the other hospital units. Positive blood cultures were divided into 2 groups: those from ED, and those from other hospital units. For this reason, a continuously monitoring blood culture incubator has been placed in the ED. We considered only adult patients. During the 1-year study, we considered all positive for each patient. Results obtained demonstrate that placing an automated blood culture system in an area of critical importance allows to obtain significant improvements in terms of time and quality of the results. Furthermore, reduction of TAT is determined more by the times of sample transport rather than the processing time

    Experimental and numerical activity on a prototype ejector chiller

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