The Effectiveness of Treatments for Trauma: A Quantitative Review

This quantitative review examined the published research on the effectiveness of treatments for trauma.The review included 31 studies that compared treatment for trauma with a wait-list or placebo control group and provided information about the time between the traumatic event and when therapy occurred.Findings from the review confirm there is a beneficial effect of therapy and suggest that gains made in therapy are maintained and increase after therapy ends. Congitive-behavioral therapies appeared to be better than other treatments.Analysis also revealed that treatment was less effective, and sometimes harmful, for patients undergoing psychological debriefings.The differences between treatments did not depend on either how patients were recruited or when patients received therapy

Navigating the ethical quandaries of wraparound multi -systemic treatment (MST): A comparative study between in -home and outpatient therapies

Multisystemic treatments (MST) have become a significant force in the mental health community over the past decade. Yet, scant literature is available in regards to differing ethical considerations that may arise when working outside of a traditional office setting. The current research reviewed key ethical issues within the therapeutic relationship (i.e., confidentiality, dual roles), and extended the discussion to pertinent, often unrecognized issues endemic to in-home service modalities (i.e., confidentiality, role confusion, client diffusion, and unintentional witnessing).;More specifically, this research examined whether certain ethical violations are perceived to occur less frequently in outpatient settings compared to in-home settings. It was hypothesized that in-home therapists would report more possible hypothetical experiences with these kinds of violations than their outpatient therapist counterparts. A survey was mailed to agencies that employ both outpatient and in-home therapists in the states of Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio to test this hypothesis. The therapists had a minimum educational level of a Master\u27s degree.;The study examines those therapists that worked with children under the age of eighteen, using in-home or multisystemic therapy (MST). Likewise, office-based therapists who treated the same age-group were sought to offer balance for data interpretation. Hence, the comparison between office-based and in-home therapist\u27s ethical dilemmas were the primary focus.;Ninety-seven therapists completed the survey and some of the results showed significant differences in both ethical perceptions and supervision standards. In-home therapists noted significantly higher perceived instances of confidentiality (p=.003) and role confusion (p=.04) ethical quandaries than their office-based colleagues. In addition, in-home therapists stated that they received significantly less individual supervision (p=.01) than office-based therapists, used clinical consultation less frequently (p=.01) and were more likely to withhold information from their direct supervisors (p=.03). Years worked in the field, state licensure, and whether or not a therapist had taken an ethics course did not appear to be significant in terms of observing ethical dilemmas in their work

Effects of Flight on Gene Expression and Aging in the Honey Bee Brain and Flight Muscle

Honey bees move through a series of in-hive tasks (e.g., “nursing”) to outside tasks (e.g., “foraging”) that are coincident with physiological changes and higher levels of metabolic activity. Social context can cause worker bees to speed up or slow down this process, and foragers may revert back to their earlier in-hive tasks accompanied by reversion to earlier physiological states. To investigate the effects of flight, behavioral state and age on gene expression, we used whole-genome microarrays and real-time PCR. Brain tissue and flight muscle exhibited different patterns of expression during behavioral transitions, with expression patterns in the brain reflecting both age and behavior, and expression patterns in flight muscle being primarily determined by age. Our data suggest that the transition from behaviors requiring little to no flight (nursing) to those requiring prolonged flight bouts (foraging), rather than the amount of previous flight per se, has a major effect on gene expression. Following behavioral reversion there was a partial reversion in gene expression but some aspects of forager expression patterns, such as those for genes involved in immune function, remained. Combined with our real-time PCR data, these data suggest an epigenetic control and energy balance role in honey bee functional senescence

Teaching an Engineering Systems Doctoral Seminar: Concepts and Structure

This paper describes the current state of the evolving engineering systems doctoral seminar in the Engineering Systems Division (ESD) at MIT. This subject is required for all first year engineering systems doctoral students. It is intended to bring them into the culture of ESD, and to establish a common base on which subsequent subjects can build. It is the first of three required subjects that make up the core of the ESD doctoral program. The seminar is intended to provide students with the foundations and context of engineering systems, largely focused on providing an appreciation for the many facets of socio-technical complexity. We discuss the seminar’s pedagogy, learning objectives, assignments and readings, and provide insights gained from teaching the course

Effects of Flight Activity and Age on Oxidative Damage in the Honey Bee, Apis Mellifera

Frequent and Highly Aerobic Behaviors Likely Contribute to Naturally Occurring Stress, Accelerate Senescence and Limit Lifespan. to Understand How the Physiological and Cellular Mechanisms that Determine the Onset and Duration of Senescence Are Shaped by Behavioral Development and Behavioral Duration, We Exploited the Tractability of the Honeybee (Apis Mellifera) Model System. First, We Determined Whether a Cause-Effect Relationship Exists between Honeybee Flight and Oxidative Stress by Comparing Oxidative Damage Accrued from Intense Flight Bouts to Damage Accrued from D-Galactose Ingestion, Which Induces Oxidative Stress and Limits Lifespan in Other Insects. Second, We Experimentally Manipulated the Duration of Honeybee Flight Across a Range of Ages to Determine the Effects on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Accumulation and Associated Enzymatic Antioxidant Protective Mechanisms. in Bees Fed D-Galactose, Lipid Peroxidation (Assessed by Measuring Malondialdehyde Levels) Was Higher Than in Bees Fed Sucrose and Age-Matched Bees with a High and Low Number of Flight Experiences Collected from a Colony. Bees with High Amounts of Flight Experience Exhibited Elevated 8-Hydroxy-2′-Deoxyguanosine, a Marker of Oxidative DNA Damage, Relative to Bees with Less Flight Experience. Bees with High Amounts of Flight Experience Also Showed Increased Levels of Pro-Oxidants (Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide) and Decreased or Unchanged Levels of Antioxidants (Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase). These Data Implicate an Imbalance of Pro- to Antioxidants in Flight-Associated Oxidative Stress and Reveal How Behavior Can Damage a Cell and Consequently Limit Lifespan

Christianity and Hinduism: An Annotated Bibliography

No abstract availabl

Enhancing Financial Literacy among College Athletes

College students, including athletes, have limited exposure to financial education prior to enrolling in college (Britt et al., 2015). Athletes juggling two full-time roles as athlete and college student have limited time for financial education and the opportunity to work. Some athletes receive athletic scholarships and some do not, but either way, many athletes must seek additional funding and student loans to pay for college. Huston’s (2010) model demonstrated connections between financial literacy, behaviors, and education to serve as a framework for our study. The purpose of this study was to determine college athletes’ subjective and objective financial literacy, how they applied this knowledge, and their preferred mode(s) of financial education to pilot financial literacy education geared specifically for athletes based on their preferences. Data was collected from two institutions in the same Power 5 conference: monthly spending logs, focus groups, interviews, a financial knowledge survey, and pre- and post-tests flanking a financial literacy module in first-year experience courses and summer bridge. A Money 101 course was piloted over eight weeks, and peer financial counseling was offered. As athletes might gain access to their name, image, and likeness (NIL) for potential income in the near future, financial education is paramount

Dosimetric measurements of Onyx embolization material for stereotactic radiosurgery

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135017/1/mp7918.pd