Using ontologies in the domain analysis of domain-specific languages

The design stage of domain-specific language development, which includes domain analysis, has not received as much attention compared to the subsequentstage of language implementation. This paper investigates the use of ontology in domain analysis for the development of a domain-specific language. The standard process of ontology development is investigated as an aid to determine the pertinent information regarding the domain (e.g., the conceptualization of the domain and the common and variable elements of the domain) that should be modeled in a language for the domain. Our observations suggest that ontology assists in the initial phase of domain understanding and can be combined with further formal domain analysis methods during the development of a domain-specific language

Phoenix-based clone detection using suffix trees

A code clone represents a sequence of statements that are duplicated in multiple locations of a program. Clones often arise in source code as a result of multiple cut/paste operations on the source, or due to the emergence of crosscutting concerns. Programs containing code clones can manifest problems during the maintenance phase. When a fault is found or an update is needed on the original copy of a code section, all similar clones must also be found so that they can be fixed or updated accordingly. The ability to detect clones becomes a necessity when performing maintenance tasks. However, if done manually, clone detection can be a slow and tedious activity that is also error prone. A tool that can automatically detect clones offers a significant advantage during software evolution. With such an automated detection tool, clones can be found and updated in less time. Moreover, restructuring or refactoring of these clones can yield better performance and modularity in the program. This paper describes an investigation into an automatic clone detection technique developed as a plug-in for Microsoft’s new Phoenix framework. Our investigation finds function-level clones in a program using abstract syntax trees (ASTs) and suffix trees. An AST provides the structural representation of the code after the lexical analysis process. The AST nodes are used to generate a suffix tree, which allows analysis on the nodes to be performed rapidly. We use the same methods that have been successfully applied to find duplicate sections in biological sequences to search for matches on the suffix tree that is generated, which in turn reveal matches in the code

POPULASI DAN PEJEBARAN CENDAWAN Beauveria bassiana PADA HAMA PADI Leptocorisa acuta DI KABUPATEN BOLAAN MONGONDOW

Leptocorisa acuta.merupakan hama utama pada tanaman padi sawah di Sulawesi Utara. Kerusakan L. acuta menghisap isi malai/gabah menyebabkan gabah menjadi kosong atau hampa. Untuk menekan populasi L. acuta petani masih tergantung pada insektisida, karena belum ada cara lain yang mampu menurunkan populasi hama L. acuta secara nyata.. Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari padat populasi hama dan penyebaran cendawan Beauveri bassiana pada hama padi L. acuta di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. Lokasi pengambilan contoh pada tanaman padi hama L. acuta dilakukan di Kecamatan Poigar, Lolayan, dan Dumoga. Manfaat dari Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai padat populasi serta penyebaran cendawan Beauveria bassiana. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa padat populasi hama walang sangit L. acuta telah menyebar pada pertanaman padi di tiga Kecamatan Poigar, Lolayan, dan Dumoga. Populasi tertinggi ditemukan pada Kecamatan Poigar yaitu 33 ekor/ 10 kali ayunan kemudian diikuti oleh Kecamatan Dumoga 30.67 ekor/ 10 kali ayunan dan Kecamatan Lolayan 13.67 ekor/ 10 kali ayunan. Untuk penyebaran Cendawan Beauveria bassiana ditemukan pada tiga Kecamatan yaitu Poigar, Lolayan dan Dumoga. _____________________________________________________________________________Kata kunci: Tanaman Padi, Leptocorisa acuta, Beauveria bassian

Cloning in DSLs: Experiments with OCL

International audienceCode cloning (i.e., similar code fragments) in general purpose languages has been a major focus of the research community. For domain specific languages (DSLs), cloning related to domain-specific graphical languages has also been considered. This paper focuses on domain-specific textual languages in an effort to evaluate cloning in these DSLs where instances of such DSLs allow for less code to express domain-specific features, but potentially more frequently used code constructs. We suggest potential application scenarios of using clone detection for the maintenance of DSL code. We introduce a clone detection mechanism using a Model Driven Engineering (MDE) based approach to evaluate the extent of cloning in an initial DSL (i.e., the Object Constraint Language (OCL)). The evaluation reveals the existence of cloning in OCL, which suggests the relevance and potential applications of clone detection and analysis in DSLs

Cloning in DSLs: Experiments with OCL

International audienceCode cloning (i.e., similar code fragments) in general purpose languages has been a major focus of the research community. For domain specific languages (DSLs), cloning related to domain-specific graphical languages has also been considered. This paper focuses on domain-specific textual languages in an effort to evaluate cloning in these DSLs where instances of such DSLs allow for less code to express domain-specific features, but potentially more frequently used code constructs. We suggest potential application scenarios of using clone detection for the maintenance of DSL code. We introduce a clone detection mechanism using a Model Driven Engineering (MDE) based approach to evaluate the extent of cloning in an initial DSL (i.e., the Object Constraint Language (OCL)). The evaluation reveals the existence of cloning in OCL, which suggests the relevance and potential applications of clone detection and analysis in DSLs

Corpus-based analysis of domain-specific languages

International audienceAs more domain-specific languages (DSLs) are designed and developed, the need to evaluate these languages becomes an essential part of the overall DSL life cycle. Corpus-based analysis can serve as an evaluation mechanism to identify characteristics of the language after it has been deployed by looking at how end-users employ it in practice. This analysis that is based on actual usage of the language brings a new perspective which can be considered by a language engineer when working toward improving the language. In this paper, we describe our utilization of corpus-based analysis techniques and exemplify them on the evaluation of the Puppet and ATL DSLs. We also outline an Eclipse plug-in, which is a generic corpus-based DSL analysis tool that can accommodate the evaluation of different DSLs

Representing Clones in a Localized Manner

International audienceCode clones (i.e., duplicate sections of code) can be scattered throughout the source files of a program. Manually evaluating a group of such clones requires observing each clone in its original location (i.e., opening each file and finding the source location of each clone), which can be a time-consuming process. As an alternative, this paper introduces a technique that localizes the representation of code clones to provide a summary of the properties of two or more clones in one location. In our approach, the results of a clone detection tool are analyzed in an automated manner to determine the properties (i.e., similarities and differences) of the clones. These properties are visualized directly within the source editor. The localized representation is realized as part of the features of an Eclipse plug-in called CeDAR