Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Wastes: The SAPICO2 Project

The SAPICO2 project is an INTERREG IVA cross channel collaboration established to develop new technologies utilising accelerated carbonation for the creation of eco-construction materials from solid wastes. Over three phases, the project has identified carbon dioxide reactivity of solid wastes, produced prototype-construction materials (from these wastes), and manufactured bulk samples of carbonated products. The project aims to introduce carbonated building products into continental Europe, by demonstrating the potential of this emerging technology to meet the EU sustainability agenda. By collaborating with the major bodies responsible for environmental matters, it is hoped that new policy and mechanisms can be developed that facilitate the full commercial valorisation of waste using gaseous CO2

SAPICO2: Production of sustainable construction aggregates through cementation with carbon dioxide

The EU-funded project, Sustainable Aggregate Production with Imbibed Carbon Dioxide (SAPICO2) is an INTERREG IVa Channel Programme examining the development of eco-construction materials made from various carbonate-able wastes residues normally disposed to landfill. The partnership involves the University of Greenwich (UoG), the University of Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), and Carbon8 Systems (a UoG spin-out company). The project applies accelerated carbonation technology (ACT) to facilitate waste valorisation in the production of manufactured carbonated materials that have re-use potential. SAPICO2 has investigated more than 100 wastes originating in NW France and the SE UK (Channel Region), with a view to explore new ways in which carbonation can be applied beneficially. Wastes have been collected and characterised for their chemical and physical properties, very importantly for their ability to react/combine with CO2 gas. It is shown that with careful control of a carbonation process reaction conditions it is possible to treat waste to give it value and re-use potential and thus, divert it from landfill into the materials supply chain. Such an outcome meets the needs of the developing European ‘circular economy’. The final part of the SAPICO2 project involved the production of bulk samples of carbonated materials for product testing/evaluation in France

Connection, Capacity and Morality in Lawyer-Client Relationships: Dialogues and Commentary

As important, and difficult, as it is to offer new law students clear and helpful frameworks for the interpersonal work of lawyering, do­ing so is only part of what a clinical textbook may aspire to. In our textbook-in-progress, we hope to offer both frameworks and support for students\u27 sense of the incompleteness of every framework and for their recognition of the need for careful, flexible response to each in­dividual client. Even care and flexibility by themselves are not enough, however, and every text must choose which aspects of law­yer-client relationships it will emphasize most. In the sections that fol­low, we focus on lawyers\u27 development of connection in context, emotional connection and common ground with clients forged even across considerable gaps of difference; on the application of these skills across especially large contextual gaps, as illustrated in an inter­view with a client with a mild intellectual disability; and on the ethics and skills of making one special form of connection with a client, the moral relationship entailed in a moral dialogue. These dialogues and commentaries explore many complex moments between lawyer and client, but they also reaffirm the central importance of a funda­mental skill and virtue - listening - in the lawyer\u27s work of creating, in each case, a theory of the representation

Connection, Capacity and Morality in Lawyer-Client Relationships: Dialogues and Commentary

As important, and difficult, as it is to offer new law students clear and helpful frameworks for the interpersonal work of lawyering, do­ing so is only part of what a clinical textbook may aspire to. In our textbook-in-progress, we hope to offer both frameworks and support for students\u27 sense of the incompleteness of every framework and for their recognition of the need for careful, flexible response to each in­dividual client. Even care and flexibility by themselves are not enough, however, and every text must choose which aspects of law­yer-client relationships it will emphasize most. In the sections that fol­low, we focus on lawyers\u27 development of connection in context, emotional connection and common ground with clients forged even across considerable gaps of difference; on the application of these skills across especially large contextual gaps, as illustrated in an inter­view with a client with a mild intellectual disability; and on the ethics and skills of making one special form of connection with a client, the moral relationship entailed in a moral dialogue. These dialogues and commentaries explore many complex moments between lawyer and client, but they also reaffirm the central importance of a funda­mental skill and virtue - listening - in the lawyer\u27s work of creating, in each case, a theory of the representation

Legal Interviewing and Counseling: An Introduction

n this article, the authors, who are writing their own textbook on interviewing and counseling, reflect on the ways in which Gary Bel­low & Bea Mou/ton\u27s groundbreaking textbook, The Lawyering Pro­cess, has shaped and is shaping their work. The authors include the introductory chapter of their forthcoming textbook interspersed with commentary on the influence of Bellow & Moulton on each of the primary themes through which their textbook will explore interview­ing and counseling: variations in the lawyer-client relationship, con­text, connection, ethics and theory-driven lawyering. This review allows them to evaluate, not only how deeply and pervasively the Bel­low & Moulton text has shaped clinical education, but also how much of the environment of clinical education and scholarship has changed since the publication of The Lawyering Process