Aspectos relevantes para el diseño de planes de salud sostenibles orientados a los grupos de interés. Una propuesta basada en la Guía ISO 26000: 2010

Fundamentos : Los planes de salud de las comunidades autónomas pue- den incorporar criterios de desarrollo sostenible en su elaboración. No se han realizado análisis al respecto o propuestas de elaboración e indicadores. El objetivo fue la elaboración de un panel de indicadores de seguimiento orientados al desarrollo sostenible que contribuyan a gestionar los impactos económicos, sociales y medioambientales de los sistemas sanitarios. Método: Se utilizó una variación del método RAND/UCLA o técnica de Delphi modificada. El proceso consistió en un análisis bibliográfico y de contexto de las materias y asuntos relacionados con sanidad y responsabi- lidad social tomando como base ISO 26000:2010. Se realizó una encuesta mediante muestreo intencional a una selección de 70 miembros expertos de los grupos de interés identificados y un grupo de discusión para determinar el consenso sobre los asuntos tratados en la encuesta. La investigación fue realizada en 2015. Resultados: De la revisión bibliográfica se obtuvieron 33 asuntos rela - cionados con sanidad incluidos en ISO 26000:2010. De la encuesta, 7 resul- taron relevantes con alto consenso, 8 de relevancia y consenso medio y 18 con menor relevancia y alto nivel de disenso. El grupo de expertos excluyó 4 de los 18 asuntos con menor consenso. Conclusiones: 29 de los 33 asuntos incluidos en el trabajo, repartidos en las 7 materias fundamentales contenidas en la guía ISO 26000 de res- ponsabilidad social, resultaron relevantes para los grupos de interés en re- lación con su posible inclusión en los planes de salud. Se elaboró un panel de indicadoresBackground: Health plans of the Spanish autonomous communities can incorporate sustainable development criteria in its development. There have been no analysis or proposals about development and indicators. The goal is to add a contribution to help build better health plans aimed at sustainable de- velopment and help to manage economic, social and environmental impacts of health systems criteria. Methods: We used a variation of the RAND/UCLA or modified Delphi technique method. The process consisted of a bibliographical and context matters and issues related to health and social responsibility analysis based on ISO 26000: 2010. A survey by deliberately to a selection of 70 expert members of the identified stakeholders was carried out and a discussion group was held to determine the consensus on the issues addressed in the survey sample. The research was conducted in 2015. Results: From the literature review 33 health issues included in ISO 26000:2010 were obtained. 7 survey proved relevant high consensus, 8 re- levance and average consensus and 18 with less relevance and high level of dissent. The expert group excluded 4 of the 18 subjects with less consensus. Conclusions: 29 issues included 33 at work, divided into 7 subjects contained in the guide ISO 26000 of social responsibility, were relevant stakeholders regarding possible inclusion in health plans. Considering the direct relationship published by ISO (International Organization for Stan- dardization) among the issues ISO 26000 and the economic, social and envi- ronmental indicators in GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) in its G4 version, a panel with monitoring indicators related to relevant issues were elaborated.Los autores agradecen el apoyo recibido por la Universidad Jaume I (proyecto P1.1B2013-48) y el Máster en Sostenibilidad y Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (UJI-UNED)

Evaluating sustainability in organisations with a fuzzy logic approach

Purpose - To determine whether the organisations more strategically committed to its stakeholders present better social and financial performance and, based on this relationship, know the state of the art of the Spanish sectors’ approach to the sustainable development. Design/methodology/approach - This paper analyses the sustainability approach of a sample of 52 Spanish listed firms. This process is based on the study of different indexes generated in order to evaluate the company’s commitment through its stakeholders, the social and financial performance of these organisations, and the relationship between them. Previous results showed a positive and not significant relationship between these variables and a positive financial performance. This paper replicates a former research by introducing a fuzzy- logic- based methodology in order to generate the aforementioned indexes. Findings -The current results support the conclusions formerly obtained and simultaneously demonstrate that the big Spanish companies are at an incipient stage of development of a clearly sustainability - oriented management. Research limitations/implications - The unavailability of a long series of organisations sustainability information is an obstacle for a broader analysis. This research could motivate the usefulness of the fuzzy logic methodology for analysing the business sustainability approach and to develop studies on the corporate social performance. Originality/value - The use of fuzzy logic methodology for the generation of indexes related to the organisations social responsibility and sustainability result

Rating the Raters: Evaluating how ESG Rating Agencies Integrate Sustainability Principles

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) rating agencies, acting as relevant financial market actors, should take a stand on working towards achieving a more sustainable development. In this context, the objective of this paper is, on the one hand, to understand how criteria used by ESG rating agencies in their assessment processes have evolved over the last ten years and, on the other hand, to analyze whether ESG rating agencies are contributing to fostering sustainable development by the inclusion of sustainability principles into their assessment processes and practices according to the ESG criteria. This research is based on a comparative descriptive analysis of the public information provided by the most representative ESG rating and information provider agencies in the financial market in two periods: 2008 and 2018. The findings show that ESG rating agencies have integrated new criteria into their assessment models to measure corporate performance more accurately and robustly in order to respond to new global challenges. However, a deep analysis of the criteria also shows that ESG rating agencies do not fully integrate sustainability principles into the corporate sustainability assessment process

Sustainability rating agencies as a driver of socially responsible investment

El conjunto de actores de los mercados financieros a nivel mundial están demandando de forma creciente que la información financiera de las empresas se vea integrada con información de carácter ambiental, social y de gobierno corporativo. Las agencias de calificación de la sostenibilidad surgen en los mercados como oferentes de dicha información, desarrollado sus propias herramientas de medición y evaluación de los criterios financieros, ambientales y de gobernanza (FASG). El objetivo de este artículo es poner de manifiesto la función impulsora y modeladora que están realizando estas agencias en el análisis de la sostenibilidad corporativa, sus metodologías de evaluación y los criterios que utilizan, constatando que están potenciando el desarrollo de la inversión socialmente responsable (o inversión sostenible, o inversión con criterios ASG), y de las finanzas sostenibles, tanto por ofertar bases de datos de criterios FASG, como por la elaboración de índices bursátiles de sostenibilidad que sirven de benchmarking para los fondos de inversión con criterios de sostenibilidad. Sin embargo, por ahora, este impulso no está impactando en la innovación hacia modelos de negocios sostenibles.The financial market actors worldwide are increasingly demanding that the financial information of companies should be integrated with information of an environmental, social and corporate governance nature. The sustainability rating agencies emerge in the markets as providers of such information, developing their own tools for measuring and evaluating the financial, environmental and governance criteria (FESG). The objective of this paper is to highlight the function that these sustainability agencies are fulfilling, their evaluation methodologies and the criteria they use, confirming that they are promoting the development of socially responsible investment (or sustainable investment, or ESG investment). Both for their offer of databases of FESG criteria, and for the elaboration of sustainable indexes that serve as benchmarking for investment funds with sustainability criteria. However, they are not influencing innovation towards sustainable business models

Sustainable supply chain management in a global context: a consistency analysis in the textile industry between environmental management practices at company level and sectoral and global environmental challenges.

In a global context, it is crucial to measure and report the corporate sustainability impacts taking into account what is happening along the whole supply chains. The objective of this study is to analyze whether environmental measurement and reporting practices, currently developed by companies under a global supply chain context, are aligned with global environmental challenges and the environmental hotspots at the sectoral level. To tackle this objective, this study has been focused on the textile sector, due to the relevance of its environmental impacts. A research was conducted based on the analysis of global environmental challenges: 1) at company level, on the measurement and reporting of specific environmental indicators connected with the impact categories of the European Organization Environmental Footprint (OEF); and 2) on the analysis of textile industry environmental hotspots, through the technical tool SimaPro that allows their quantification and identification along the life cycle phases using different scenarios. The results show a consistency between global environmental challenges and company environmental disclosure; however, a disconnection between the specific environmental indicators reported by textile companies and the main hotspots of the sector are observed. This implies that companies could be managing environmental issues related to global environmental concerns but ignoring those critical environmental issues truly relevant from a technical point of view, according to the nature of their activity. The paper argues that is not only necessary to consider the corporate awareness regarding global environmental challenges, but also to address the real environmental hotspots at the sectoral level. This paper represents a contribution in the discussion about what sustainability management implies along the supply chains, emphasizing the need to advance in a consistent and science-based integration of global environmental challenges, environmental hotspots at the sectoral level and environmental management practices at company level. The results obtained help global chain actors and other organizations to address this challenge

SDG reporting: an analysis of corporate sustainability leaders

Purpose This study aims to empirically analyze a sound commitment and a consistent integration of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the corporate reporting and management systems of companies that have a leading position in sustainability. Design/methodology/approach The study applies a content analysis procedure based on a proposed analytical framework to codify the commitment and the SDG integration. In order to analyze the consistency of the integration, this study has provided a “SDG integration” score based on fuzzy inference systems methods. The companies in the sample have been identified as benchmarks in terms of sustainability in a specific region of Spain. Findings The findings show a lack of formality regarding the SDG commitment at the highest decision-making level and a low level of SDG integration in the reporting and management systems. These results are mainly explained because the most companies do not prioritize according to the materiality analysis and those SDGs more reported have not been deployed along targets and KPIs in a consistent way. Research limitations/implications The results provide practical implications that help to overcome the limitations in terms of comparison and consistency of the SDGs-reported information. It also illustrates how the leading sustainable companies are doing the SDG reporting and suggests which elements could be improved to promote a consistent integration of the SDGs in the management systems. Originality/value This study provides new work lines in the promotion of an effective SDG-business reporting based on a robust management structure that allows an alignment among the SDG-business decisions based on a normative, strategic and operational approach

Sustainable development goals in the hospitality industry: a dream or reality?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how effectively leading sustainable hotels have integrated Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into their reporting. The main aim is to pinpoint areas for improvement concerning SDG reporting which can help the hospitality industry to achieve a transformation in a more SDG-aligned global tourism system. Design/methodology/approach – For this study, a content analysis technique was used to extract the information regarding strategic consistency of SDG reporting. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were applied to the analysis of this information. This paper seeks to assess the extent to which the materiality analysis, corporate targets and performance indicators defined by the world’s top sustainable hotels in their sustainability reports are consistent with those SDGs linked to the business. To that end, the authors have selected the most sustainable hotels according to the SAM Corporate Sustainability Assessment in 2020. Findings – The results of this study show that the most sustainable hotel companies did not take a strategic consistency approach when reporting the SDGs. These findings identify four areas for improvement concerning reporting, which may promote the adoption of a strategic and consistent approach in SDG reporting. Practical implications – This study includes a set of recommendations to provide the market with complete, coherent and comparable information on their contribution to the SDGs and, therefore, foster collective learning to bring about sustainable tourism transformation. Originality/value – This paper represents a contribution to the discussion on the strategic or symbolic implementation of SDGs at a corporate level. In addition, this paper reflects a deeper understanding of how hotel companies could improve their reporting and management system to contribute to SDGs

Materiality Analysis for CSR Reporting in Spanish SMEs

Most corporate social responsibility (CSR) standards have not been designed to be implemented in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Given that 99% of Spanish companies are SMEs, this study aims to propose a selection of basic CSR material issues that, because of their usefulness and significance, should be adapted to Spanish SMEs and their stakeholders. This study provides a CSR model for SMEs that includes the most important social, environmental, and corporate governance issues. This model, which is based on expert knowledge, is useful for integrating sustainability in the management of SMEs and enhancing the management of stakeholders

Matemática de las operaciones financieras

Departamento de Finanzas y Contabilidad. Asignatura de Matemática de las Operaciones Financiera. Códigos de las asignaturas: FC1003, EC1003, AE1003, DA020