344 research outputs found
Aplikasi Klinik Renograf IR-03 Untuk Rumah Sakit: Teknologi Dan Analisis Biaya
Teknik Renografi menggunakan Alat Renograf adalah salah satu modalitas pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal selain dengan pemeriksaanlaboratorium dan teknik Sinar-X. Prototip Renograf IR-03 untuk pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal hasil rancangbangun BATAN telah dikonstruksi dan menjalani uji laboratorium di PRPN-BATAN Serpong dan uji klinis di RSUP DR.Sardjito Jogyakarta. Biaya yang berkaitan dengan pemakaian klinik Alat Renograf di rumahsakit telah dianalisis yang terdiri dari komponen nilai radiofarmaka dan nilai investasi alatRenograf. Perhitungan biaya radiofarmaka hippuran Iodine per tahun dengan estimasi jumlah pasien 2000 orang sebesar Rp 30 juta, Total Direct Cost adalah Rp 212,5 juta dan biaya modal satu Alat Renograf sebesar Rp 250 juta. Nilai Titik Impas (Break Event Point) Investasi satu Alat Renograf adalah 1194 (0,597%) atau setara Rp 209,475 juta, dengan biaya per prosedur adalah Rp 85.000,-. Harga ini tergantung pada beberapa variable terutama volume (kapasitas pelayanan pasien). Perhitungan analisis Cash-Flow untuk melihat seberapa jauh investasi tersebut menarik dan memberi prospek ke masa depan menunjukkan nilai Rate of Return yang diperoleh yaitu ROR (i) adalah 22,6%, jauh diatas suku bunga simpanan Bank saat ini yaitu <10%. Perhitungan analisa Payback Period menunjukkan nilai 1,818 tahun, sangat prospektif secara ekonomi
Aplikasi Klinik Renograf Ir-03 Untuk Rumahsakit: Teknologi Dan Analisis Biaya
APLIKASI KLINIK RENOGRAF IR-03 UNTUK RUMAHSAKIT: TEKNOLOGI DAN ANALISIS BIAYA. TeknikRenografi menggunakan Alat Renograf adalah salah satu modalitas pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal selain denganpemeriksaan laboratorium dan teknik Sinar-X. Renograf IR-03 untuk pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal hasil rancangbangunBATAN telah dikonstruksi dan menjalani uji laboratorium di PRPN-BATAN Serpong dan uji klinis di RSUPDR.Sardjito Jogyakarta. Biaya yang berkaitan dengan pemakaian klinik Alat Renograf di rumahsakit telah dianalisisyang terdiri dari komponen nilai radiofarmaka dan nilai investasi alat Renograf. Perhitungan biaya radiofarmakahippuran 131Iodine per tahun dengan estimasi jumlah pasien 2000 orang sebesar Rp. 30 juta, Total Direct Costadalah Rp. 212,5 juta dan biaya modal satu Alat Renograf sebesar Rp. 250 juta. Nilai Titik Impas (Break EventPoint) Investasi satu Alat Renograf adalah 1194 (0,597%) atau setara Rp. 209,475 juta, dengan biaya per proseduradalah Rp. 85.000,-. Harga ini tergantung pada beberapa variable terutama volume (kapasitas pelayanan pasien).Perhitungan analisis Cash-Flow untuk melihat seberapa jauh investasi tersebut menarik dan memberi prospek kemasa depan menunjukkan nilai Rate of Return yang diperoleh yaitu ROR ( i*) adalah 22,6%, jauh diatas suku bungasimpanan Bank saat ini yaitu <10%. Perhitungan analisa Payback Period menunjukkan nilai 1,818 tahun, sangatprospektif secara ekonomi
News Coverage of the 2008 Presidential Primaries
President George W. Bush was completing his second (and final) term in office and Vice President Dick Cheney decided not to run for president. Thus, the 2008 American presidential primary is the first “open” campaign (with no sitting president or vice president competing) since 1952 with highly competitive primaries for both major political parties. This study uses content analysis to investigate news coverage (national newspapers, network television news, and local newspapers) of the 2008 American presidential primary campaign. Most themes in the news concerned the horse race (66%) with somewhat more emphasis on the candidates’ character (18%) than their policy proposals (15%). The most common topics of horse race comments were campaign strategy (24%), campaign events (19%), polls (17%), and predictions (12%). More news comments were positive (62%) than negative (32%) with few comments about the candidate’s defenses (7%). Most comments were unattributed (statements by journalists: 66%); candidates were quoted or paraphrased in about one in five comments; the remaining comments were from supporters (8%) or others (7%)
Developmental Changes in Pedunculopontine Nucleus (PPN) Neurons
The developmental decrease in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in man occurs between birth and after puberty. We hypothesize that if this decrease in REM sleep does not occur, lifelong increases in REM sleep drive may ensue. Such disorders are characterized by hypervigilance and sensory-gating deficits, such as are present in postpubertal onset disorders like schizophrenia, panic attacks (a form of anxiety disorder), and depression. The decrease in REM sleep in the rat occurs between 10 and 30 days of age. We studied changes in size and physiological properties of pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) cells involved in the control of arousal, i.e., waking and REM sleep. During the largest decrease in REM sleep (12–21 days), cholinergic PPN neurons doubled in cell area, the hypertrophy peaking at 15–16 days, then decreasing in area by 20–21 days. Noncholinergic PPN cells did not change in area during this period. We confirmed the presence of two populations of PPN neurons based on action potential (AP) duration, with the proportion of short-AP-duration cells increasing and long AP duration decreasing between 12 and 21 days. Most cholinergic and noncholinergic cells had short AP durations. Afterhyperpolarization (AHP) duration became segregated into long and short AHP duration after 15 days. Cells with short AP duration also had short AHP duration. The proportion of PPN cells with Ih current increased gradually, peaking at 15 days, then decreased by 21 days. These changes in morphological and physiological properties are discussed in relation to the developmental decrease in REM sleep
Basic tasks of sentiment analysis
Subjectivity detection is the task of identifying objective and subjective
sentences. Objective sentences are those which do not exhibit any sentiment.
So, it is desired for a sentiment analysis engine to find and separate the
objective sentences for further analysis, e.g., polarity detection. In
subjective sentences, opinions can often be expressed on one or multiple
topics. Aspect extraction is a subtask of sentiment analysis that consists in
identifying opinion targets in opinionated text, i.e., in detecting the
specific aspects of a product or service the opinion holder is either praising
or complaining about
Defects in Chiral Columnar Phases: Tilt Grain Boundaries and Iterated Moire Maps
Biomolecules are often very long with a definite chirality. DNA, xanthan and
poly-gamma-benzyl-glutamate (PBLG) can all form columnar crystalline phases.
The chirality, however, competes with the tendency for crystalline order. For
chiral polymers, there are two sorts of chirality: the first describes the
usual cholesteric-like twist of the local director around a pitch axis, while
the second favors the rotation of the local bond-orientational order and leads
to a braiding of the polymers along an average direction. In the former case
chirality can be manifested in a tilt grain boundary phase (TGB) analogous to
the Renn-Lubensky phase of smectic-A liquid crystals. In the latter case we are
led to a new "moire" state with twisted bond order. In the moire state polymers
are simultaneously entangled, crystalline, and aligned, on average, in a common
direction. In the moire state polymers are simultaneously entangled,
crystalline, and aligned, on average, in a common direction. In this case the
polymer trajectories in the plane perpendicular to their average direction are
described by iterated moire maps of remarkable complexity, reminiscent of
dynamical systems.Comment: plain TeX, (33 pages), 17 figures, some uufiled and included, the
remaining available at ftp://ftp.sns.ias.edu/pub/kamien/ or by request to
[email protected]
Restoration of Frequency-Dependent Depression of the H-Reflex by Passive Exercise in Spinal Rats
Hyper-reflexia, measured as a decrease of low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex, is known to occur in both humans and animals after spinal cord injury (SCI). Previous studies have shown that passive exercise for 3 months could be used to restore low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex after SCI. To determine the effects of various periods of time on the ability of passive exercise to restore low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex. Spinal Cord Injury Mobilization Program of the Center for Translational Neuroscience, the research arm of the Jackson T Stephens Spine and Neuroscience Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA. Adult rats underwent complete spinal cord transection at the T10 level. The hindlimbs were passively exercised in different groups of rats for 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 15, 30, 45, 60, or 90 days, and low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex was tested. Statistically significant low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex was evident by 30 days of exercise, although numerical reductions were seen even at 15 days. There was a linear decrease in low frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex with duration of passive exercise. Passive exercise can restore frequency-dependent depression of spinal reflexes in a time-dependent manner if used following complete spinal transection
Pedunculopontine nucleus gamma band activity-preconscious awareness, waking, and REM sleep
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a major component of the reticular activating system (RAS) that regulates waking and REM sleep, states of high-frequency EEG activity. Recently,we described the presence of high threshold, voltage-dependent N- and P/Q-type calcium channels in RAS nuclei that subserve gamma band oscillations in the mesopontine PPN, intralaminar parafascicular nucleus (Pf), and pontine subcoeruleus nucleus dorsalis (SubCD). Cortical gamma band activity participates in sensory perception, problem solving, and memory. Rather than participating in the temporal binding of sensory events as in the cortex, gamma band activity in the RAS may participate in the processes of preconscious awareness, and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions.That is, the RAS may play an early permissive role in volition. Our latest results suggest that (1) the manifestation of gamma band activity during waking may employ a separate intracellular pathway compared to that during REM sleep, (2) neuronal calcium sensor (NCS-1) protein, which is over expressed in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, modulates gamma band oscillations in the PPN in a concentration-dependent manner, (3) leptin, which undergoes resistance in obesity resulting in sleep dysregulation, decreases sodium currents in PPN neurons, accounting for its normal attenuation of waking, and (4) following our discovery of electrical coupling in the RAS, we Hypothesize that there are cell clusters within the PPN that may act in concert. These results provide novel information on the mechanisms controlling high-frequency activity related to waking and REM sleep by elements of the RAS.Fil: Urbano Suarez, Francisco Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de FisiologĂa, BiologĂa Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones FarmacolĂłgicas (i); ArgentinaFil: Donofrio, Stasia M.. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Luster, Brennon R.. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Beck, Paige B.. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Hyde, James Robert. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Bisagno, Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones FarmacolĂłgicas (i); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de FisiologĂa, BiologĂa Molecular y Neurociencias; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Rill, Edgar. University Of Arkansas For Medical Sciences; Estados Unido
Symmetries of Electrostatic Interaction between DNA Molecules
We study a model for pair interaction of DNA molecules generated by the
discrete dipole moments of base-pairs and the charges of phosphate groups, and
find noncommutative group of eighth order of symmetries that leave
invariant. We classify the minima using group and employ
numerical methods for finding them. The minima may correspond to several
cholesteric phases, as well as phases formed by cross-like conformations of
molecules at an angle close to , "snowflake phase". The results
depend on the effective charge of the phosphate group which can be modified
by the polycations or the ions of metals. The snowflake phase could exist for
above the threshold . Below there could be several cholesteric
phases. Close to the snowflake phase could change into the cholesteric
one at constant distance between adjacent molecules.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Surface Scaling Analysis of a Frustrated Spring-network Model for Surfactant-templated Hydrogels
We propose and study a simplified model for the surface and bulk structures
of crosslinked polymer gels, into which voids are introduced through templating
by surfactant micelles. Such systems were recently studied by Atomic Force
Microscopy [M. Chakrapani et al., e-print cond-mat/0112255]. The gel is
represented by a frustrated, triangular network of nodes connected by springs
of random equilibrium lengths. The nodes represent crosslinkers, and the
springs correspond to polymer chains. The boundaries are fixed at the bottom,
free at the top, and periodic in the lateral direction. Voids are introduced by
deleting a proportion of the nodes and their associated springs. The model is
numerically relaxed to a representative local energy minimum, resulting in an
inhomogeneous, ``clumpy'' bulk structure. The free top surface is defined at
evenly spaced points in the lateral (x) direction by the height of the topmost
spring, measured from the bottom layer, h(x). Its scaling properties are
studied by calculating the root-mean-square surface width and the generalized
increment correlation functions C_q(x)= . The surface is
found to have a nontrivial scaling behavior on small length scales, with a
crossover to scale-independent behavior on large scales. As the vacancy
concentration approaches the site-percolation limit, both the crossover length
and the saturation value of the surface width diverge in a manner that appears
to be proportional to the bulk connectivity length. This suggests that a
percolation transition in the bulk also drives a similar divergence observed in
surfactant templated polyacrylamide gels at high surfactant concentrations.Comment: 17 pages RevTex4, 10 imbedded eps figures. Expanded discussion of
multi-affinit
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