208 research outputs found
Effect of methionine:lysine ratio on growth performance and blood metabolites of growing-finishing pigs
Eighty growing-finishing pigs (40 barrows
and 40 gilts) were used in three consecutive growth assays to determine the optimum methionine:lysine ratio for pigs weighing from 48 to 107 lb, 120 to 179 lb, and 191 to 245 lb, respectively. Each growth assay was to be conducted for a 28-d period with a 14-d transition period between assays. Pigs were allotted by weight and placed in pens each containing one barrow and one gilt. Pigs were assigned to one of eight experimental treatments with five replicate pens per treatment. Pigs were fed diets containing either high lysine (1.0, .9, or .8%, respectively) or low lysine (.8,
.7, or .6%, respectively) with dietary methionine at 24.5, 28, 31.5, or 35% of lysine. This would correspond to total sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine + cystine) of 49, 56, 63, and 70% relative to lysine. During the first study (48 to 107 lb), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G)
improved with increasing dietary lysine.
Although no differences occurred in growth
performance with increasing methionine ratio,
there was a numeric improvement in growth performance for those pigs receiving
diets containing 28% methionine relative to
lysine. A lysine × methionine interaction
was observed for blood urea N with pigs
having the lowest BUN values observed
with methionine at 24.5 and 31.5% of
lysine for pigs fed .8 and 1.0% lysine, respectively. During phase II (120 lb to 179
lb), ADG improved with increasing dietary
lysine and showed a linear response to increasing methionine ratio. Feed efficiency
was also improved with increasing dietary
lysine. For the third phase (191 to 245 lb),
ADG also improved with increasing dietary
lysine. There were no significant differences
in feed intake; however, feed efficiency
improved with increasing dietary lysine. In summary, because of high ADFI observed in these studies, the dietary methionine
levels used closely met or exceeded the pig's requirement on a grams/day basis.
Therefore, these data suggest that increasing
dietary methionine does not improve pig
performance
Influence of dietary lysine on growth performance of high-lean growth gilts fed from 160 to 300 lb
One-hundred eight high-lean growth gilts (159.6 lb) were used to determine the
dietary lysine requirement to optimize
growth performance from 160 to 300 lb.
The experiment was designed as a randomized
complete block, with initial weight serving as the blocking factor. Six dietary treatments were used, ranging from .44 to
.94% digestible lysine (.59 to 1.16% total
lysine). Pigs were housed in pens of three,
with six replicate pens/treatment. Pig
weights and feed disappearance were collected
weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (F/G). Average daily gain increased from 160 to 230 lb, from 230 to 300 lb, and from 160 to 300 lb. Average daily feed intake was not influenced by dietary treatment. The gilts consumed 6.47, 6.65, and 6.56 lb/day from 160 to 230, from 230 to 300, and from 160 to 300 lb, respectively. Thus, F/G improved linearly from 160 to 230 lb and quadratically from 230 to 300 and from 160 to 300 lb as a function of increased ADG. Lysine intake was increased linearly for all three weight periods as digestible lysine increased in the diet. The data from this experiment suggest that high-lean growth gilts requires at least 26 g/d of lysine from 160 to 230 and from 230 to 300 lb. Thus, matching nutrition with genetics is essential to optimize both rate and efficiency of gain
Anisotropic flow of charged hadrons, pions and (anti-)protons measured at high transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The elliptic, , triangular, , and quadrangular, , azimuthal
anisotropic flow coefficients are measured for unidentified charged particles,
pions and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Results obtained with the
event plane and four-particle cumulant methods are reported for the
pseudo-rapidity range at different collision centralities and as a
function of transverse momentum, , out to GeV/.
The observed non-zero elliptic and triangular flow depends only weakly on
transverse momentum for GeV/. The small dependence
of the difference between elliptic flow results obtained from the event plane
and four-particle cumulant methods suggests a common origin of flow
fluctuations up to GeV/. The magnitude of the (anti-)proton
elliptic and triangular flow is larger than that of pions out to at least
GeV/ indicating that the particle type dependence persists out
to high .Comment: 16 pages, 5 captioned figures, authors from page 11, published
version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/186
Centrality dependence of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The inclusive transverse momentum () distributions of primary
charged particles are measured in the pseudo-rapidity range as a
function of event centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at
TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The data are presented in the range
GeV/ for nine centrality intervals from 70-80% to 0-5%.
The Pb-Pb spectra are presented in terms of the nuclear modification factor
using a pp reference spectrum measured at the same collision
energy. We observe that the suppression of high- particles strongly
depends on event centrality. In central collisions (0-5%) the yield is most
suppressed with at -7 GeV/. Above
GeV/, there is a significant rise in the nuclear modification
factor, which reaches for GeV/. In
peripheral collisions (70-80%), the suppression is weaker with almost independently of . The measured nuclear
modification factors are compared to other measurements and model calculations.Comment: 17 pages, 4 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/284
Measurement of charm production at central rapidity in proton-proton collisions at TeV
The -differential production cross sections of the prompt (B
feed-down subtracted) charmed mesons D, D, and D in the rapidity
range , and for transverse momentum GeV/, were
measured in proton-proton collisions at TeV with the ALICE
detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis exploited the hadronic
decays DK, DK, DD, and their charge conjugates, and was performed on a
nb event sample collected in 2011 with a
minimum-bias trigger. The total charm production cross section at TeV and at 7 TeV was evaluated by extrapolating to the full phase space
the -differential production cross sections at TeV
and our previous measurements at TeV. The results were compared
to existing measurements and to perturbative-QCD calculations. The fraction of
cdbar D mesons produced in a vector state was also determined.Comment: 20 pages, 5 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 15,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/307
Particle-yield modification in jet-like azimuthal di-hadron correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
The yield of charged particles associated with high- trigger
particles ( GeV/) is measured with the ALICE detector in
Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV relative to proton-proton
collisions at the same energy. The conditional per-trigger yields are extracted
from the narrow jet-like correlation peaks in azimuthal di-hadron correlations.
In the 5% most central collisions, we observe that the yield of associated
charged particles with transverse momenta GeV/ on the
away-side drops to about 60% of that observed in pp collisions, while on the
near-side a moderate enhancement of 20-30% is found.Comment: 15 pages, 2 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 10,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/350
Long-range Angular Correlations On The Near And Away Side In P-pb Collisions At √snn=5.02 Tev
7191/Mar294
- …