Targeting sexual health services in primary care: a systematic review of the psychosocial correlates of adverse sexual health outcomes reported in probability surveys of women of reproductive age

BACKGROUND: Women using primary care vary in need for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) testing and contraception. Psychosocial correlates of these needs may be useful for targeting services. We undertook a systematic review to identify psychosocial correlates of STI acquisition, unplanned pregnancy (UP), abortion and risky sexual behaviours in general population samples of women of reproductive age. METHODS: We searched bibliographic databases for probability surveys of women aged 16-44years in the European Union, USA, Canada, Australia, UK or New Zealand undertaken January 1994-January 2014. RESULTS: Eleven papers were included. Unplanned pregnancy was associated with smoking, depression, being single and sexual debut <16years. Abortion was associated with lack of closeness to parents, leaving home at an early age, and relationship break-up. Multiple partnerships were associated with intensity of marijuana and alcohol use, and smoking. STI diagnosis was associated with relationship break-up and younger partners. Non-use of contraception was associated with smoking, obesity, relationship status, sedentary lifestyles, fatalistic pregnancy attitudes and lower alcohol use. Condom non-use was higher (at first sex) with partners 5+years older and lower (at last sex) in less stable partnerships. CONCLUSION: Psychosocial variables, particularly relationship status and smoking, may help identify women in primary care for STI testing and contraception advice and supply

KU ScholarWorks: Toward A Hybrid Organization for Repository Items

Presented at the DSpace User Group meeting, Cambridge, MA, March 10-11, 2004DSpace is fundamentally organized into discrete communities with different (though potentially overlapping) memberships. A community is an affiliated group who establishes the policies that govern who may contribute, what can be deposited, and how it will be organized. For example, a department would establish its own policies and collections. However, at the University of Kansas, in discussions with early adopters, the community structure is proving problematic. Based on policy discussions with early adopters, KU is considering additional approaches to community development in KU ScholarWorks . Scholarly practices tend not to be so strictly regulated that they create well-defined epistemic communities, nor are scholars necessarily interested in managing policies and collections. Are the English or the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology departments (for example) natural communities, with a common understanding of best practice in communicating their research? Will even the small amount of administrative overhead associated with community management (policy choices, authorizations, etc.) inhibit adoption of the technology? Research centers may represent an important exception. They are closer to natural epistemic communities than departments, which are more like federations of administrative convenience. On the “DSpace Planning: Lessons Learned” page of the DSpace Federation Web site one tip reads, “Faculty generally don’t submit their own content – department staff, web editors, or administrative staff do.” At KU, this is likely the case for research groups and centers. However, KU is highly decentralized, and this model will not necessarily apply. Faculty may enlist assistance in submitting items, but this will probably not be the norm. In order to accommodate formal and informal faculty groups, as well as individual scholars who may wish to participate in KU ScholarWorks, the University of Kansas is considering several community models. Several types of communities would be supported in KU ScholarWorks: “formal” or established communities (such as Research Centers), ad hoc or informal communities, and a subject-based community. 1. Centers and research groups would have the option of establishing specific “formal” communities with specialized workflows and policies. These communities would most closely resemble those envisioned by DSpace developers. A person or small group would establish membership and policies, as well as manage submissions. 2. A subject-based community may consist of multiple collections, defined by a subject scheme. All collections in the subject-based community might have as members all KU faculty – i.e., all members of the University of Kansas faculty group might have deposit rights in any of the subject collections. We would centrally establish a common set of policies for this community, including: a. Authorization (policy might be that only faculty may contribute, and work of others such as graduate students would have to be deposited by proxy) b. Access (open access for all contributions; exceptions would be handled through a formal community) c. Review (policy might be that all contributions would be reviewed for form by library staff before being released to the pubic) 3. A third community arrangement may consist of ad hoc “informal” communities, not defined by departmental structure, nor affiliated with a research center. These communities would be scholar- defined and driven and would reflect shared research interests. The community would be responsible for selecting an administrator, and establishing membership and policies. Members of the early adopters suggested this community type. Holly Mercer and Richard Fyffe will give an overview of the environment and early adopter development process at KU, and will outline challenges of the proposed community types. We will discuss some of the technical constraints of the current and upcoming DSpace release (as well as desiderata for future development) in adopting a hybrid community structure

Fat, carbohydrate and protein by oral gavage in the rat can be equally effective for satiation

This work was funded by the European Union Seventh Framework programme (Full4Health - grant number 266408) and the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division to the Rowett Institute. Funders had no role in the preparation of data or the manuscriptPeer reviewedPostprin

Solar Cell and Array Technology Development for NASA Solar Electric Propulsion Missions

NASA is currently developing advanced solar cell and solar array technologies to support future exploration activities. These advanced photovoltaic technology development efforts are needed to enable very large (multi-hundred kilowatt) power systems that must be compatible with solar electric propulsion (SEP) missions. The technology being developed must address a wide variety of requirements and cover the necessary advances in solar cell, blanket integration, and large solar array structures that are needed for this class of missions. Th is paper will summarize NASA's plans for high power SEP missions, initi al mission studies and power system requirements, plans for advanced photovoltaic technology development, and the status of specific cell and array technology development and testing that have already been conducted

The experience of diagnostic radiography students during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic – a cross‐sectional study

Abstract: Introduction: The rationale for this study was to ascertain the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on Undergraduate B.Sc (Hons) Diagnostic Radiography students at the University of Hertfordshire in the UK. This would provide an ideal opportunity for students to reflect on their experience and indicate if they required additional support from the University. Methods: An online anonymous cross‐sectional survey was deployed to all year groups (n = 283) during the first nationwide lockdown in May 2020, eliciting qualitative responses on questions about the effect of the pandemic; emotions experienced; support required and consideration of their choice of a career in the health sector. Results: Two hundred and one students responded to the survey, with many having experienced the illness or loss of a loved one. Trying to balance family commitments and study was a concern to some students, as well as struggling with the financial burden of job losses or furlough. Many students commented that educational support was a requirement with the move to online teaching and assessment. The main focus of student responses was the emotions that they had experienced, many of which were negative. Anxiety and fear were commonly expressed feelings, along with sadness and feelings of isolation. A small number of students reported feeling grateful, happy and relieved. An overwhelming majority of respondents commented that they were proud to be healthcare students and they were resolute in wanting to continue the course and join the frontline of the NHS workforce. Conclusion: Some students have been deeply affected by their experiences of the pandemic, and University support mechanisms should be refined to better assist with their ongoing challenges.Peer reviewe

Work in Progress: The WSU Model for Engineering Mathematics Education

This paper summarizes progress to date on the WSU model for engineering mathematics education, an NSF funded curriculum reform initiative at Wright State University. The WSU model seeks to increase student retention, motivation and success in engineering through application-driven, just-in-time engineering math instruction. The WSU approach involves the development of a novel freshman-level engineering mathematics course EGR 101, as well as a large-scale restructuring of the engineering curriculum. By removing traditional math prerequisites and moving core engineering courses earlier in the program, the WSU model shifts the traditional emphasis on math prerequisite requirements to an emphasis on engineering motivation for math, with a just-in-time structuring of the new math sequence. This paper summarizes the development to date of the WSU model for engineering mathematics education, including a preliminary assessment of student performance and perception during the initial implementation of EGR 101. In addition, an assessment of first-year retention results is anticipated in time for the conference

Body weight loss, effective satiation and absence of homeostatic neuropeptide compensation in male Sprague Dawley rats schedule fed a protein crosslinked diet

Acknowledgements This work was funded by the European Union Seventh Framework programme (Full4Health - grant number 266408) and the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division. We thank Danisco, Kettering, UK, for the gift of emulsifier. We thanks Dr Claus-Dieter Mayer of Biomathematics & Statistics Scotland for help with statistical analysis.Peer reviewedPostprin

An Approach to Quantify Workload in a System of Agents

The role of humans in aviation and other domains continues to shift from manual control to automation monitoring. Studies have found that humans are often poorly suited for monitoring roles, and workload can easily spike in off-nominal situations. Current workload measurement tools, like NASA TLX, use human operators to assess their own workload after using a prototype system. Such measures are used late in the design process and can result in ex- pensive alterations when problems are discovered. Our goal in this work is to provide a quantitative workload measure for use early in the design process. We leverage research in human cognition to de ne metrics that can measure workload on belief-desire-intentions based multi-agent systems. These measures can alert designers to potential workload issues early in design. We demonstrate the utility of our approach by characterizing quantitative differences in the workload for a single pilot operations model compared to a traditional two pilot model