Suggestibility and its Relationship to Instructional Set in Serial Learning

The purpose of this study was to attempt to determine the influence of two variables, suggestibility and instructional set, upon the individual\u27s performance in a serial learning task. The attempt was made to find whether it is the instructional set that affects the outcome of a serial learning task or whether it is suggestibility that is the primary variable. The approach to this problem was based upon past studies in three different areas of psychological research. These were the areas of set, serial learning, and suggestibility

Optimisation de trajectoires et de manoeuvres appliquée à un VTOL-UAV (vertical take-off and landing unmanned air vehicle)

Conception des contrôleurs -- Conception d'un contrôleur optimal suivi de trajectoire -- Conception d'un contrôleur de position et de vitesse à retour de sortie -- Prise en compte des contraintes sur la commande -- Interprétation physique des contraintes -- Saturation de la commande -- Algorithme de modification de la référence -- Comparaison des contrôleurs : navigation en deux dimensions -- Cas d'un générateur de trajectoire : contrôleur LQT vs contrôleur à retour de sortie -- Cas avec opérateur : contrôleur LQR vs contrôleur à retour de sortie -- Optimisation de missions -- Modélisation de la performance et de la consommation du véhicule -- Élaboration théorique et implantation de l'algorithme de recherche des trajectoires optimales -- Analyse des trajectoires optimales

L’influence du climat psychosocial de l’école et le concept de soi des élèves

Depuis plusieurs années, certains chercheurs ont tenté d’expliquer le rendement scolaire des élèves en prenant en considération le concept de soi et la confiance en soi. L’ambi- guïté des résultats de ces recherches a amené d’autres chercheurs à dépasser cette pro- blématique et à envisager les variables environnementales de l’école. Le modèle de Brookover est apparu pertinent parce qu’il met en lumière la complexité du système éducatif en soulignant l’importance des attentes des enseignants et des autres composantes du climat psychosocial de l’école. Les résultats de la présente recherche ont démontré que trois composantes du climat psychosocial de l’école ont une incidence sur le concept de soi, la confiance en soi et le rendement en français et en mathématiques, à savoir les attentes des enseignants, les chances de réussite des élèves et leurs valeurs personnelles. Recent studies have sought to link students’ self-concept and self-confidence to their academic performance. Ambiguities in this research have led others to put the question in environmental terms. Brookover’s model is helpful because it takes into account the complexity of the education system, but without neglecting student expectations and other features of the school’s psycho-social climate. This present study shows that three such features affect self-concept and self-confidence, as well as performance in French and mathematics: teacher expectations, pupils’ probability of success, and pupils’ personal values.

Enseigner des valeurs à l'ordre collégial

Dans le contexte social et scolaire actuel, il existe une volonté de plus en plus grande des cégeps de donner un sens à la formation technique en enseignant les valeurs rattachées au métier, tout en faisant de la réussite des études une entreprise personnelle. À cet égard, un partenariat entre le Cégep Limoilou et l’Université Laval a permis de développer des activités pédagogiques concrètes pour l’enseignement de valeurs entrepreneuriales dans la formation technique. Cet article présente Ça me tient à cœur !, une activité élaborée en vue de l’acquisition de valeurs entrepreneuriales dans une perspective de développement durable. On y expose les visées de l’activité, les modalités de son déroulement et les résultats de son expérimentation en classe. Réalisée dans un programme technique spécifique, à savoir le programme de Technologie de la mécanique du bâtiment, l’activité présentée est néanmoins transférable à tout programme collégial dont les buts recouvrent le développement de valeurs ou la formation citoyenne. L’article évoque enfin trois autres activités visant le développement d’un système de valeur par les étudiants

Autologous transplantation of rabbit limbal epithelia cultured on fibrin gels for ocular surface reconstruction

Purpose: Regeneration of the corneal epithelium could be severely impaired in patients suffering from limbal stem cell deficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the restoration of the corneal epithelium by grafting onto denuded corneas autologous limbal cells cultured on fibrin gels. The rabbit model was chosen to allow the microscopic evaluation over time after grafting. Methods: Rabbit limbal epithelial cells (RLECs) were isolated and cultured from small limbal biopsies (3 mm2 ). The epithelium was separated from stroma after dispase digestion and put in culture on lethally irradiated fibroblasts used as a feeder layer. At the first passage, RLECs were cultured on a fibrin gel matrix. At confluence, the cultured epithelia were grafted in vivo on denuded autologous rabbit corneas. At different postoperative times, grafted and control (without graft or grafted with fibrin gels only) rabbit corneas were compared in vivo with a slit lamp microscope, and in situ by histological and immunohistological microscopy of harvested biopsies. Results: A small limbal biopsy was sufficient to generate enough RLECs to prepare several grafts and to perform cell analysis. Only two weeks were required to produce a cultured epithelium suitable for autologous transplantation. One month after grafting, a normal corneal phenotype was observed on the ocular surface of grafted rabbits in contrast to the control rabbits (ungrafted or grafted with fibrin gel only) where histological signs of conjunctivalization were found. The absence of goblet cells and negative staining for keratin 4 confirmed that the cultured cells persisted and that the epithelium regenerated after grafting was not from conjunctival origin. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that an autologous epithelium cultured on a physiologically biodegradable matrix can be prepared from a small biopsy and grafted on denuded cornea. The autologous graft allows epithelial regeneration from cultured cells and promotes corneal healing of unilateral total stem cell deficiency

Television news and the symbolic criminalisation of young people

This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Journalism Studies, 9(1), 75 - 90, 2008, copyright Taylor & Francis, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/14616700701768105.This essay combines quantitative and qualitative analysis of six UK television news programmes. It seeks to analyse the representation of young people within broadcast news provision at a time when media representations, political discourse and policy making generally appear to be invoking young people as something of a folk devil or a locus for moral panics. The quantitative analysis examines the frequency with which young people appear as main actors across a range of different subjects and analyses the role of young people as news sources. It finds a strong correlation between young people and violent crime. A qualitative analysis of four “special reports” or backgrounders on channel Five's Five News explores the representation of young people in more detail, paying attention to contradictions and tensions in the reports, the role of statistics in crime reporting, the role of victims of crime and the tensions between conflicting news frames.Arts and Humanities Research Counci

The social cognition of medical knowledge, with special reference to childhood epilepsy

This paper arose out of an engagement in medical communication courses at a Gulf university. It deploys a theoretical framework derived from a (critical) sociocognitive approach to discourse analysis in order to investigate three aspects of medical discourse relating to childhood epilepsy: the cognitive processes that are entailed in relating different types of medical knowledge to their communicative context; the types of medical knowledge that are constituted in the three different text types analysed; and the relationship between these different types of medical knowledge and the discursive features of each text type. The paper argues that there is a cognitive dimension to the human experience of understanding and talking about one specialized from of medical knowledge. It recommends that texts be studied in medical communication courses not just in terms of their discrete formal features but also critically, in terms of the knowledge which they produce, transmit and reproduce

Teaching values at the college level

BibliographieWebographi

Deweyan tools for inquiry and the epistemological context of critical pedagogy

This article develops the notion of resistance as articulated in the literature of critical pedagogy as being both culturally sponsored and cognitively manifested. To do so, the authors draw upon John Dewey\u27s conception of tools for inquiry. Dewey provides a way to conceptualize student resistance not as a form of willful disputation, but instead as a function of socialization into cultural models of thought that actively truncate inquiry. In other words, resistance can be construed as the cognitive and emotive dimensions of the ongoing failure of institutions to provide ideas that help individuals both recognize social problems and imagine possible solutions. Focusing on Dewey\u27s epistemological framework, specifically tools for inquiry, provides a way to grasp this problem. It also affords some innovative solutions; for instance, it helps conceive of possible links between the regular curriculum and the study of specific social justice issues, a relationship that is often under-examined. The aims of critical pedagogy depend upon students developing dexterity with the conceptual tools they use to make meaning of the evidence they confront; these are background skills that the regular curriculum can be made to serve even outside social justice-focused curricula. Furthermore, the article concludes that because such inquiry involves the exploration and potential revision of students\u27 world-ordering beliefs, developing flexibility in how one thinks may be better achieved within academic subjects and topics that are not so intimately connected to students\u27 current social lives, especially where students may be directly implicated