Optimal Gaps in Optimal Paradigms

This article develops a treatment of phonologically motivated gaps in paradigms within Optimal Paradigms Theory (McCarthy 2001). The gaps are instances of absolute ungrammaticality, i.e. situations in which there is no output for a given input. In the approach developed here, gaps arise when phonological markedness constraints outrank constraints requiring the expression of a particular morphological category. In this way, incomplete paradigms can be selected as optimal, since the incomplete paradigm will incur fewer markedness violations. The optimal gaps approach is illustrated with Norwegian imperatives and Hungarian CCik verbs. The analysis is compared with earlier treatments of absolute ungrammaticality, such as the null parse of Prince and Smolensky (1993)

A note on the relationship between grid structure and metrical structure in Banawá

The stress system of Banawa ́, an endangered Arawan language spoken in the Brazilian Amazon, constitutes a puzzling case study for metrical phonology. It has been claimed that its metrical representations violate the Syllable Integrity Principle (1) (Buller, Buller, and Everett (BBE) 1993, Everett 1996, 1997), one of the core universal principles in standard metrical theory, which bans representations where a foot dis- sects a heavy syllable (e.g., *(CV.CV ́ )(V.CV ́ ), *(CV ́ .CV)(V ́ .CV), where periods indicate syllable boundaries and parentheses, foot edges)

Ten Myths around Open Scholarly Publishing

The changing world of scholarly communication and the emergence of ‘Open Science’ or ‘Open Research’ has brought to light a number of controversial and hotly-debated topics. Yet, evidence-based rational debate is regularly drowned out by misinformed or exaggerated rhetoric, which does not benefit the evolving system of scholarly communication. The aim of this article is to provide a baseline evidence framework for ten of the most contested topics, in order to help frame and move forward discussions, practices and policies. We address preprints and scooping, the practice of copyright transfer, the function of peer review, and the legitimacy of ‘global’ databases. The presented facts and data will be a powerful tool against misinformation across wider academic research, policy and practice, and may be used to inform changes within the rapidly evolving scholarly publishing system

Myocardial infarction and stroke associated with diuretic based two drug antihypertensive regimens: population based case-control study

Objective To examine the association of myocardial infarction and stroke incidence with several commonly used two drug antihypertensive treatment regimens