Impact of microscopic extra-nodal extension (ENE) on locoregional recurrence following curative surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma

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O uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação TDICS na educação básica: Desafios e vantagens

Este trabalho de investigação sobre o uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação TDICs na educação básica, objetiva analisar quais os principais impactos causados pelo uso das novas tecnologias (TDICs) no processo evolutivo de ensino aprendizagem e compreender como tais ferramentas podem contribuir para melhorar a educação no país. Para tanto, é importante ressaltar que desde as últimas décadas do século XX as tecnologias se fazem presentes influenciando os meios de comunicação e de aprendizagem, e com isso ressalta-se a importância de realizar a presente pesquisa para que as tecnologias sejam vistas sob um novo olhar por toda comunidade acadêmica e sua clientela, para um melhor desenvolvimento educacional, bem como o alcance de resultados promissores no processo de ensino aprendizagem. Desse modo, os objetivos específicos são: Entender qual a importância das tecnologias no meio educacional; compreender qual o papel do professor frente as novas tecnologias educacionais; identificar quais são os principais desafios encontrados para o uso das TDICs no meio educacional e compreender quais são os benefícios de utilizar a tecnologia como ferramenta no processo de ensino aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada foi uma abordagem teórica metodológica, onde foi pautada em uma pesquisa qualitativa, com caráter bibliográfico, que possibilitou aprofundar o conteúdo. Contribuíram para a pesquisa Araújo et al. (2017), Brasil (2000), Carmo e Ramos (2012), TIC Educação (2018), TIC Educação (2019), Silva (2016), dentre outros. Como resultados, observa-se que as tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação têm grande importância na construção do conhecimento, tornando-se indispensáveis na educação contemporânea. Com tudo, se faz necessário a capacitação dos educadores dentro da temática tecnologia. Assim sendo, esta pesquisa contribuirá para identificação dos principais desafios que impedem o uso das tecnologias na educação, possibilitando aos acadêmicos e estudiosos traçar metas para sanar as dificuldades encontradas em meio ao processo, permitindo a sua implantação e utilização

Queimadas na Amazônia 2020: Um estudo sobre as causas e consequências em longo prazo.

Há décadas, o território brasileiro tem sido cenário de desmatamento proveniente de queimadas, principalmente no bioma Amazônia devido a fatores como a expansão da fronteira agrícola, a práticas de manejo e uso do solo e até mesmo de fenômenos naturais, como ocorrência de raios. Os episódios de queimadas na Amazônia acontecem há centenas de anos, com certa periodicidade, e isso fez com que causassem danos irreparáveis a sua fauna e flora. As queimadas nessa região são, na maioria das vezes, causadas por ação antropogênica. O avanço da tecnologia constituiu-se em um passo importante para a prevenção, permitindo a detecção dos focos de calor, bem como estudar o comportamento de queimadas e incêndios por meio de imagens de sensores orbitais. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral investigar os impactos que as imensas queimadas na Amazônia devem gerar direto ou indiretamente no bioma, por meio de coleta de dados, verificando os prejuízos causados nas vidas dos animais que vivem no referido bioma, como também análise dos índices de destruição na flora da Amazônia. Foi feito o uso da pesquisa bibliográfica. Utilizou-se desse tipo de pesquisa para levantar informações sobre o desmatamento da Floresta Amazônica. Chegando a conclusão de que o uso do fogo na região Amazônica, tem repercutido de forma negativa, pelo impacto ambiental causado em sua maioria, pelo desmatamento desenfreado provocando a erosão no solo e comprometendo a fauna e a flora da região. E com isso pôde-se perceber que o ecossistema é prejudicado com as queimadas, assim como também os problemas relacionados à saúde como problemas respiratórios, aumento da poluição e da sensação térmica na região

Expression of non-TLR pattern recognition receptors in the spleen of BALB/c mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS

The spleen plays a crucial role in the development of immunity to malaria, but the role of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in splenic effector cells during malaria infection is poorly understood. In the present study, we analysed the expression of selected PRRs in splenic effector cells from BALB/c mice infected with the lethal and non-lethal Plasmodium yoelii strains 17XL and 17X, respectively, and the non-lethal Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS strain. The results of these experiments showed fewer significant changes in the expression of PRRs in AS-infected mice than in 17X and 17XL-infected mice. Mannose receptor C type 2 (MRC2) expression increased with parasitemia, whereas Toll-like receptors and sialoadhesin (Sn) decreased in mice infected with P. chabaudi AS. In contrast, MRC type 1 (MRC1), MRC2 and EGF-like module containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like sequence 1 (F4/80) expression decreased with parasitemia in mice infected with 17X, whereas MRC1 an MRC2 increased and F4/80 decreased in mice infected with 17XL. Furthermore, macrophage receptor with collagenous structure and CD68 declined rapidly after initial parasitemia. SIGNR1 and Sn expression demonstrated minor variations in the spleens of mice infected with either strain. Notably, macrophage scavenger receptor (Msr1) and dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin 2 expression increased at both the transcript and protein levels in 17XL-infected mice with 50% parasitemia. Furthermore, the increased lethality of 17X infection in Msr1 -/- mice demonstrated a protective role for Msr1. Our results suggest a dual role for these receptors in parasite clearance and protection in 17X infection and lethality in 17XL infection.CNPqCNPqFAPESP [01/09401-0]FAPESPEuropean CommunityEuropean Community [242095]Spanish Ministry of Science and InnovationSpanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [SAF2009-07760

Como a musicoterapia auxilia no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer em pacientes idosos: uma mini revisão integrativa

A doença de Alzheimer é uma doença neurodegenerativa crônica e progressiva que afeta predominantemente a população idosa. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a influência da música nas terapias destinadas a idosos portadores da doença de Alzheimer tendo em vista a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e dos cuidadores. Esta é uma mini revisão integrativa da literatura de caráter descritivo que buscou responder a seguinte questão norteadora: como a musicoterapia auxilia no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer em idosos? Sendo utilizados os descritores “Idoso”, “doença de Alzheimer”, “Musicoterapia”, “Saúde mental”. Analisando tais literaturas foi visto resultados mistos, onde algumas mostraram melhora no tratamento e algumas não mostrando melhora aparente. Dessa forma, chegou-se à conclusão que a musicoterapia possui potencial como uma estratégia terapêutica complementar para o tratamento da doença de Alzheimer, merecendo estudos mais aprofundados com grupos amostrais maiores e mais diversos

Rationale and design of decision: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory, differentiated thyroid cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The incidence of thyroid cancer and the number of patients who die from this disease are increasing globally. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the histologic subtype present in most patients and is primarily responsible for the increased overall incidence of thyroid cancer. Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor that targets several molecular signals believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer, including those implicated in DTC. In phase II studies of patients with DTC, sorafenib treatment has yielded a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 58 to 84 weeks and disease control rates of 59% to 100%. The DECISION trial was designed to assess the ability of sorafenib to improve PFS in patients with locally advanced or metastatic, radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory DTC.</p> <p>Methods/design</p> <p>DECISION is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III study in patients with locally advanced/metastatic RAI<b>-</b>refractory DTC. Study treatment will continue until radiographically documented disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, noncompliance, or withdrawal of consent. Efficacy will be evaluated every 56 days (2 cycles), whereas safety will be evaluated every 28 days (1 cycle) for the first 8 months and every 56 days thereafter. Following disease progression, patients may continue or start sorafenib, depending on whether they were randomized to receive sorafenib or placebo, at investigator discretion. Patients originally randomized to receive sorafenib will be followed up every 3 months for overall survival (OS); patients originally randomized to receive placebo will be followed up every month for 8 months after cross-over to sorafenib. The duration of the trial is expected to be 30 months from the time the first patient is randomized until the planned number of PFS events is attained. The primary endpoint is PFS; secondary endpoints include OS, time to disease progression, disease control rate, response rate, duration of response, safety, and pharmacokinetic analysis.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The DECISION study has been designed to test whether sorafenib improves PFS in patients with locally advanced or metastatic RAI-refractory DTC.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00984282">NCT00984282</a>; EudraCT: 2009-012007-25.</p

Incidental Thyroid Carcinoma by FDG-PET/CT: A Study of Clinicopathological Characteristics

BACKGROUND: The rising incidence of incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) detected during fluoro-2-deoxy-D: -glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning poses a challenge to clinicians. The present study aims to critically evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of ITC detected by FDG-PET/CT. METHODS: Among the 557 patients managed at our institution, 40 (7.2%) patients were identified as having ITC. Of these, 22 patients had their tumor detected by FDG-PET/CT (PET group) and 11 by ultrasonography (USG group). Additional bedside ultrasonography +/- fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was done in all patients at their clinic visit. The clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the PET and USG groups. RESULTS: The PET group had significantly more patients with history of nonthyroidal malignancy (P < 0.001). Papillary carcinoma was the most common histological type in both groups. Despite having similar histological and prognostic features including tumor size, tumor multifocality, capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastases, tumor bilaterality (or presence of contralateral tumor focus) was significantly more frequent in the PET than the USG group (P = 0.04). The tumors were also more advanced by the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system in the PET group (P = 0.021). None of the contralateral tumor foci were evident preoperatively. One patient in the USG group developed metastatic thyroid carcinoma in neck lymph nodes 28 months after thyroid resection. CONCLUSION: ITC by FDG-PET/CT had higher incidence of tumor bilaterality than those detected by ultrasonography. Total thyroidectomy should be considered for ITC detected by FDG-PET/CT even for tumor size <10 mm.published_or_final_versionSpringer Open Choice, 31 May 201

miR-22 represses cancer progression by inducing cellular senescence

The microRNA miR-22 targets CDK6, SIRT1, and Sp1—genes involved in regulation of the senescence program—to suppress cell growth and proliferation

Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the microRNA Expression Pattern of the Human Stomach

Background: While microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in tissue differentiation and in maintaining basal physiology, little is known about the miRNA expression levels in stomach tissue. Alterations in the miRNA profile can lead to cell deregulation, which can induce neoplasia. Methodology/Principal Findings: A small RNA library of stomach tissue was sequenced using high-throughput SOLiD sequencing technology. We obtained 261,274 quality reads with perfect matches to the human miRnome, and 42% of known miRNAs were identified. Digital Gene Expression profiling (DGE) was performed based on read abundance and showed that fifteen miRNAs were highly expressed in gastric tissue. Subsequently, the expression of these miRNAs was validated in 10 healthy individuals by RT-PCR showed a significant correlation of 83.97% (P<0.05). Six miRNAs showed a low variable pattern of expression (miR-29b, miR-29c, miR-19b, miR-31, miR-148a, miR-451) and could be considered part of the expression pattern of the healthy gastric tissue. Conclusions/Significance: This study aimed to validate normal miRNA profiles of human gastric tissue to establish a reference profile for healthy individuals. Determining the regulatory processes acting in the stomach will be important in the fight against gastric cancer, which is the second-leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.Governo do Para/SEDECT/FAPESPAPROPESP/UFPAFADESPCAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Is a Direct Enhancer of Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 in Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the normal development of thyroid gland, but its disregulation provokes the appearance of several types of cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) which are the most common thyroid tumours. The follow-up of PTC patients is based on the monitoring of serum thyroglobulin levels which is regulated by the thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1): a tissue-specific transcription factor essential for the differentiation of the thyroid. We investigated whether the Wnt/β-catenin pathway might regulate TTF-1 expression in a human PTC model and examined the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation. Immunofluorescence analysis, real time RT-PCR and Western blot studies revealed that TTF-1 as well as the major Wnt pathway components are co-expressed in TPC-1 cells and human PTC tumours. Knocking-down the Wnt/β-catenin components by siRNAs inhibited both TTF-1 transcript and protein expression, while mimicking the activation of Wnt signaling by lithium chloride induced TTF-1 gene and protein expression. Functional promoter studies and ChIP analysis showed that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway exerts its effect by means of the binding of β-catenin to TCF/LEF transcription factors on the level of an active TCF/LEF response element at [−798, −792 bp] in TTF-1 promoter. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a direct and forward driver of the TTF-1 expression. The localization of TCF-4 and TTF-1 in the same area of PTC tissues might be of clinical relevance, and justifies further examination of these factors in the papillary thyroid cancers follow-up