Morphological and Histological Study of the Stomach in Local Rodent Species(Guinea Pig) Cavia Porcellus

The study of stomach in adult male local guinea pigs rodents included the morphological description ,histometric measurments and histoarchitecture at the light microscope level by using Haematoxyline and Eosine stain methods.The results revealed that the stomach had C shaped with the presence of two curvatures and shallow angular notch. It is simple (unilocular) smooth and homogenous grossly  without  external demarcation limiting ridge (margo plicatus) between its devisions , white grayish in color and slightly transparent. Blood was supplied to the stomach by the coeliacomesentric  trunk.The microscopic examination revealed that the wall of the stomach show the characteristic four compartmant tunics : Mucosa , Submucosa , Muscularis externa and Serosa.The stomach regions were cardiac type (A, B) , fundic  and  pyloric .The mean thickness of tunica mucosa was the maximum in fundic region (110+10) and the minimum in cardiac region type A (13 + 2.7386). The mean thickness of tunica muscularis externa  was the maximum in pyloric region (67+ 4.4721) and the minimum in cardiac region type A(29.6 + 0.5477). Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium  covers the tunica mucosa of cardiac region type A with visible stratum granulosum , while Simple columnar epithelium with gastric glands and pits covers the tunica mucosa of the other regions of stomach . Skeletal and smooth muscle fibers found in tunica muscularis externa of cardiac region type A ,while spiral ,circular  and longitudinal arrangement of smooth muscle fibers found in  tunica muscularis externa of the other regions of stomach. The simple tubular cardiac glands composed of predominate mucous secreting cells , mucous acinar cells found on the basal surfaces , few parietal cells, enteroendocrine cells and undifferenciated cells. The simple tubular fundic glands with shallow pits  composed of mucous neck cells, parietal cells which were predominantly present in the upper and lower half of the fundic glands , chief cells  and  enteroendocrine cells that found in the lower third  of each fundic glands. The long simple branched tubular pyloric glands with deep pits, composed  of predominantly mucous acinar cells along the leng of the frontal  and basal surfaces , randomly parietal cells,few chief cells  and  enteroendocrine cells. Keywords:   stomach , local guinea pigs , histoarchitectur

IT Telkom Simulation Online

ABSTRAKSI: Desain ruangan yang baik, penataan barang yang rapi, dan ditambah lagi estetika yang indah sudah terbukti mempengaruhi mood dan kinerja dalam beraktifitas, meningkatnya produktifitas kerja juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor tata ruang yang efisien seperti menjangkau barang-barang dengan cepat. Oleh karena itu aplikasi sekaligus permainan yang berhubungan dengan penataan ruang sekiranya dirasa akan bermanfaat bagi penggunanya. Proyek akhir ini berjudul pemnbuatan IT Telkom Sims Online yang merupakan Game online berbasis web. Permainanya adalah mendesain ruangan secara 3D, dengan worldplay-nya adalah ruangan-ruangan yang ada di berbagai gedung di seluruh kampus IT Telkom. Dalam game ini tidak ada aturan main, yang dimainkan adalah kreatifitas para user untuk mengatur sendiri ruangan mereka sesuka hati. Yang diatur dalam game ini adalah posisi perabot,Aplikasi game ini dibuat dengan harapan dapat mensimulasi penataan perabot rungan di IT Telkom dengan tampilan antarmuka yang interaktif dan menyenangkan layaknya sebuah game.Kata Kunci : Game, simulation, 3D, UnityABSTRACT: A good of design of room, good arrangement , and beautiful aesthetics have been proved affecting our mood and productivity in activity, productivity accretion is also affected by efficient room layout such as feature to reach items quickly. Therefore this game or application that associated with room layout would be benefit to users.This final project titled IT Telkom Sims Online is a web based online games.the game is room layout design, all the room is from various building in IT Telkom There is no rule in this game , just play with your creativity to manage and create your design self . The gameplay is to change and recreate about furniture position.This application Application of this game is made with a expectation of simulation the of room layout in IT Telkom with an interactive user interface and fun like a real game.Keyword: Game, simulation, 3D, Unit

Performance of soft ground improved by floating bottom ash columns

The stone column approach has been utilized over the past 60 years to stabilise the soft ground by partially replacing the compressible soil with more stable materials such as aggregate and sand. In practice, the granular material with a diameter of 20 mm to 75 mm is used as column filler material. In this research, the bottom ash material was used as a substitute material in the granular columns instead of the natural aggregate. A series of small-scale 1g physical modelling tests were carried out to investigate the behaviour of soft clay after being treated with a group of bottom ash columns beneath a rigid footing. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of key design parameters such as; area replacement ratio and height penetration ratio on the bearing capacity and settlement characteristics. Whereas, a total of 19 physical model tests were conducted. A set of strain-controlled loading tests were performed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity, while a dead load method was adopted to examine the settlement characteristics. The physical modelling tests were carried out on the untreated and treated ground with bottom ash columns. Three area replacement ratios of 13 %, 20 %, and 26 % and three-column height of 50 mm, 100 mm, and 150 mm were adopted. The deformation and failure mechanism of the ground model was observed through capturing images during the loading test. Then, the Particle Image Velocimetry technique (PIV), GeoPIV: MATLAB software was used to analyse the collected images. The results clearly proved that the bearing capacity of the soft ground improves significantly with the incorporating of the bottom ash columns. Moreover, a higher area replacement ratio with longer columns demonstrated better load capacity enhancement. Also, it was found that the magnitude of total settlement reduced as the area replacement ratio increased. In addition, the total settlement of the reinforced ground showed a decreasing trend with the increase of the column height. In parallel to the physical modelling tests, three-dimensional numerical analysis was conducted via Plaxis 3D foundation software. This method was adopted to validate the experimental outcomes, since it is more economical and takes less time to complete in comparison to the full-scale model. Two different types of constitutive models were used to simulate the soft ground and bottom ash columns namely; the Soft Soil model and Mohr-Coulomb model. Comparisons between the results obtained from the physical model test and numerical simulation were made considering the different area replacement ratios and column height penetration ratios. The finite element analysis results were used to verify the experimental findings and a good agreement was found between the two methods since the difference is less than 20 % and is considered acceptable. The results revealed that the area replacement ratio and column height penetration ratio significantly influenced the overall performance of the treated ground. Whereas, the stiffness, load-bearing capacity, and settlement characteristics of the reinforced ground improved by increasing the area replacement ratio and column height penetration ratio; a 172 % enhancement in bearing capacity was attained with 26 % area replacement ratio and 0.75 column penetration ratio. A similar observation was obtained for LECA- treated ground under a constant rate of loading. The relationships between ultimate bearing capacity and area replacement ratio or column height to diameter ratio were plotted. From the relationships, six proposed design equations were developed for practical use to estimate the ultimate bearing capacity of the reinforced ground under a rigid footing. Another six design equations were also established to predict the normalised bearing capacity factor using the same parameters (area replacement ratio or column height to diameter ratio). Furthermore, the rationality of the proposed design equations was successfully verified using the finite element results

Periodically Correlated Time Series Models: Representation and Identification

This thesis is interested with some characteristics of a class periodically correlated (PC) time series models. We study both periodically correlated time series models and multiple models and discuss the relationship between them. Give many examples. We discuss in this work many representations of PC models and use these representations in order make evidence that PC class and multiple AR models are theoretically the same. In addition, we propose a new representation, the multi-companion (MC) representation. Give an example. We discuss the relationship between the vector moving average and the periodic moving average, and give an examples to clarify the relationship between them. Also, we study the periodic autoregressive moving-average (PARMA) models and their representations. We show that any PARMA model can be expressed as a vector ARMA model. We consider the identification of orders of periodic AR (PAR) models by extending well known techniques to periodic time series, we discuss methods for specifying models and for efficiently estimating the parameters in those models. Finally, a detailed simulation study is given to illustrate the procedures

Nonrigid Medical Image Registration using Adaptive Gradient Optimizer

Medical image registration has a significant role in several applications. It has sequential processes, including transformation, similarity metric calculation, diffusion regularization, and optimization of the transformation parameters (i.e., rotation, translation, and shear). The optimization process for determining the optimal set of the transformation vectors is considered the main stage affecting the performance of the registration process. Hence, medical image registration can be deliberated as an optimization problem for computing the geometric transformations to realize maximum similarity between the moving image and the fixed one. In this work, a mono-modal nonrigid image registration using B-spline is designed for the alignment of Computed Tomography (CT) images of thorax using Adaptive Gradient algorithm (AdaGrad) optimizer. In addition, a comparative study with other first order optimizers, such as Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) algorithm (AdaMaX), AdamP, and RangerQH were conducted. Also, a comparison with the limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shannon (LBFGS) as a second order optimizer was also carried out. The results showed the superiority of the AdaGrad optimizer by 56.99% and 48.37% improvement in the compared to the target registration error (TRE) compared to the SGD, and the LBFGS optimizer, respectively

Reversible myocarditis following Black widow spider (Latrodectus spp.) bite in Egypt: A case report

Black widow spiders (BWSs) are poisonous spiders of the Arthropoda phylum that live in the Mediterranean region. The effects of BWS bites ranges from local damage to systemic manifestations including paresthesia, stiffness, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, headache, anxiety, hypertension, and tachycardia. However, cardiac involvement following a BWS bite is uncommon. We report a 35-year-old man who developed acute pulmonary edema with electrocardiogram changes that showed ST elevation in leads I, aVL with reciprocal ST segment depression in infero-lateral leads with elevated cardiac biomarkers. Echocardiography showed regional wall motion abnormalities with an impaired ejection fraction of 40%. The condition was reversible after one week of supportive treatment, and the patient was discharged from the hospital with normal electrocardiogram, ejection fraction, and negative cardiac markers. A routine cardiac evaluation, serial ECG, serial cardiac markers, and echocardiography follow-up should be considered for any patient exposed to a BWS bite for detection of any potentially fatal cardiac abnormalities. Keywords: Black widow spider; Egypt; Spider bites; Myocarditis; Heart failure; Kounis syndrome; Acute coronary syndrome