Preseason Lower Extremity Functional Test Scores Are Not Associated With Lower Quadrant Injury - A Validation Study With Normative Data on 395 Division III Athletes

Background: Preseason performance on the lower extremity functional test (LEFT), a timed series of agility drills, has been previously reported to be associated with future risk of lower quadrant (LQ = low back and lower extremities) injury in Division III (D III) athletes.Validation studies are warranted to confirm or refute initial findings. Hypothesis/Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the ability of the LEFT to discriminate injury occurrence in D III athletes, in order to validate or refute prior findings. It was hypothesized that female and male D III athletes slower at completion of the LEFT would be at a greater risk for a non-contact time-loss injury during sport. Secondary purposes of this study are to report other potential risk factors based on athlete demographics and to present normative LEFT data based on sport participation. Methods: Two hundred and six (females = 104; males = 102) D III collegiate athletes formed a validation sample. Athletes in the validation sample completed a demographic questionnaire and performed the LEFT at the start of their sports preseason. Athletic trainers tracked non-contact time-loss LQ injuries during the season. A secondary analysis of risk based on preseason LEFT performance was conducted for a sample (n = 395) that consisted of subjects in the validation sample (n = 206) as well as athletes from a prior LEFT related study (n = 189). Study Design: Prospective cohort Results: Male athletes in the validation sample completed the LEFT [98.6 (± 8.1) seconds] significantly faster than female athletes [113.1 (± 10.4) seconds]. Male athletes, by sport, also completed the LEFT significantly faster than their female counterparts who participated in the same sport. There was no association between preseason LEFT performance and subsequent injury, by sex, in either the validation sample or the combined sample. Females who reported starting primary sport participation by age 10 were two times (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.9; p = 0.01) more likely to experience a non-contact time-loss LQ injury than female athletes who started their primary sport at age 11 or older. Males who reported greater than three hours per week of plyometric training during the six-week period prior to the start of the preseason were four times more likely (OR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.1, 14.0; p = 0.03) to experience a foot or ankle injury than male athletes who performed three or less hours per week. Conclusions: The LEFT could not be validated as a preseason performance measure to predict future sports injury risk. The data presented in this study may aid rehabilitation professionals when evaluating an injured athlete’s ability to return to sport by comparing their LEFT score to population norms

Mfd Protects Against Oxidative Stress in Bacillus Subtilis Independently of its Canonical Function in DNA Repair

Background: Previous reports showed that mutagenesis in nutrient-limiting conditions is dependent on Mfd in Bacillus subtilis. Mfd initiates one type of transcription-coupled repair (TCR); this type of repair is known to target bulky lesions, like those associated with UV exposure. Interestingly, the roles of Mfd in repair of oxidative-promoted DNA damage and regulation of transcription differ. Here, we used a genetic approach to test whether Mfd protected B. subtilis from exposure to two different oxidants. Results: Wild-type cells survived tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) exposure significantly better than Mfd-deficient cells. This protective effect was independent of UvrA, a component of the canonical TCR/nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Further, our results suggest that Mfd and MutY, a DNA glycosylase that processes 8-oxoG DNA mismatches, work together to protect cells from lesions generated by oxidative damage. We also tested the role of Mfd in mutagenesis in starved cells exposed to t-BHP. In conditions of oxidative stress, Mfd and MutY may work together in the formation of mutations. Unexpectedly, Mfd increased survival when cells were exposed to the protein oxidant diamide. Under this type of oxidative stress, cells survival was not affected by MutY or UvrA. Conclusions: These results are significant because they show that Mfd mediates error-prone repair of DNA and protects cells against oxidation of proteins by affecting gene expression; Mfd deficiency resulted in increased gene expression of the OhrR repressor which controls the cellular response to organic peroxide exposure. These observations point to Mfd functioning beyond a DNA repair factor in cells experiencing oxidative stress

As seen through the eyes of New York Times: a narration of the 1960 Turkish coup

Following recent political events in Turkey, many have questioned the objectivity or nonpartisanship of American reporting on foreign, specifically Turkish, political events. With this question lying at the heart of our research, this thesis examines the New York Times’ representation of Turkish politics over a two-year period, capturing the year before and after the 27 May 1960 military coup. Before delving into the analysis, we review the more comprehensive question of American media’s foreign coverage, specifically within the Cold War context, to understand how our research fits within this field. Employing a total of 114 articles, we divide the analysis into two chapters: the precoup period (May 1959 to 26 May 1960) and the post-coup period (27 May 1960 to September 1961). Within these two chapters, we identify themes in Turkish-American relations and characterizations of political actors, events, and issues to compare them with historical sources. After careful analysis of the articles’ content, we argue that the subjectivity displayed in the NYT is predominantly deliberate and motivated by the desires to maintain a Turkish alliance and to promote a positive image of the U.S. military

Estrategias del juego y desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de 4 años de una institución educativa de Trujillo, 2022

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como finalidad medir la relación entre las estrategias del juego y el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de 4 años de una institución educativa de Trujillo, 2022. Las variables que conforman este trabajo de investigación son las siguientes, las estrategias del juego, cuyas dimensiones son el juego como simple ejercicio, el juego simbólico y el juego reglado; el desarrollo del lenguaje , cuyas dimensiones son el lenguaje egocéntrico y el lenguaje socializado o comunicativo, donde cada una de las dimensiones contiene sus respectivos indicadores. El tipo de investigación es descriptivo correlacional. Con una población de 12 niños de 4 años, como es 7 niños y 5 niñas del nivel inicial, el instrumento utilizado para la extracción de datos fue la lista de cotejo, que permitió medir las estrategias del juego y el desarrollo del lenguaje, la prueba de normalidad utilizada fue Rho Spearman, donde hay evidencia estadística significativa para decir que, existe relación positiva considerable entre las estrategias del juego y el desarrollo del lenguaje en los estudiantes de una institución educativa de Trujillo, 2022; con un nivel de significancia de 5%. (rs=0,593); se concluyó que las estrategias del juego tienen relación con el desarrollo del lenguaje

Comparison of Jump and Hop Test Measures Between NAIA and Division III Male Collegiate Basketball Players

Purpose: To report normative data for two functional performance tests (FPTs) (the standing long jump [SLJ] and the single-leg hop [SLH]) in a population of male collegiate basketball players and to identify differences in measures between athletes based on level of competition, starter status, and position. Methods: Eighty-six male collegiate basketball players from six teams were recruited for this study. Each athlete performed three SLJs and three SLHs (bilaterally). Results: Mean (± SD) FPT measures (normalized to height) for all basketball players were: SLJ = 1.0 ± 0.1, right SLH = 0.84 ± 0.1, and left SLH = 0.85 ± 0.1. Significant differences in FPT measures were observed both within and between groups based on: level of competition, by player position, and by starter status. Conclusions: The data presented in this study can be used by coaches and athletic trainers to assess aspects of athletic readiness in male collegiate basketball players

Are Preseason Functional and Biomechanical Measures Associated with Lower Quadrant Injury Risk in Division III Athletes?

A recent trend in sports medicine research is to determine risk of injury during sport based on preseason functional performance test (FPT) measures. Equivocal findings associated with prior studies may leave PTs with uncertainty as to which FPT, or combination of FPTs, can best identify athletes who have a greater risk for injury. Previous studies have utilized low-tech FPT measures: standing long jump (SLJ), single-leg hop (SLH), lower extremity functional test (LEFT), and the Y-balance test (YBT) (1,3,4). These low-tech options may not be able to identify potential deficits that could be collected with high-tech measures (e.g., DVJ measures collected in a motion capture lab) (2). The purpose of this study was to determine if “high-tech” and/or “low-tech” preseason functional performance test measures were associated with non-contact time loss lower quadrant (LQ = low back and/or lower extremity) injuries

La evaluación de los progresos en el área musical de alumnos de segundo ciclo de enseñanza básica a través del juego

111 p. La siguiente tesis no es autorizada por el autor para su difusión en formato digitalTodo proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje precisa de una evaluación. Se evalúa el accionar, se evalúa a los alumnos e incluso se les pide que se auto-evalúen y que co-evalúen. ¿Por qué se hace esto? Se hace porque la evaluación cumple un rol trascendental dentro del quehacer educativo, por lo tanto es necesario e importante que se le considere como tal. En el siguiente informe se busca plasmar la importancia que tiene la evaluación dentro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y entregar una propuesta de herramienta evaluativa para el área de música, en base al uso de diferentes juegos creados específicamente con esa finalidad, y de esta forma hacer de este un acto natural y cercano para nuestros alumnos, lejos del estrés que produce una evaluación de corte tradicional. Este trabajo considera diversas temáticas de la educación, desde la didáctica hasta la evaluación, y como estas pueden llegar a confluir en el uso del juego como herramienta didáctica de la evaluación. Los resultados de esta investigación se obtuvieron mediante la observación y validación de los juegos que se crearon con ese propósito, por medio de tablas de validez de constructo y contenido respectivamente

Protective Yeasts Control V. anguillarum Pathogenicity and Modulate the Innate Immune Response of Challenged Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae

Indexación: Web of ScienceWe investigated mechanisms involved in the protection of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae by two probiotic candidate yeasts, Debaryornyces hansenii 97 (Dh97) and Yarrowia Iypolitica 242 (YI242), against a Vibrio anguillarum challenge. We determined the effect of different yeast concentrations (10(4)-10(7) CFU/mL) to: (i) protect larvae from the challenge, (ii) reduce the in vivo pathogen concentration and (iii) modulate the innate immune response of the host. To evaluate the role of zebrafish microbiota in protection, the experiments were performed in conventionally raised and germ free larvae. In vitro co-aggregation assays were performed to determine a direct yeast-pathogen interaction. Results showed that both yeasts significantly increased the survival rate of conventionally raised larvae challenged with V. anguillarum. The concentration of yeasts in larvae tended to increase with yeast inoculum, which was more pronounced for Dh97. Better protection was observed with Dh97 at a concentration of 106 CFU/mL compared to 104 CFU/mL. In germ-free conditions V anguillarum reached higher concentrations in larvae and provoked significantly more mortality than in conventional conditions, revealing the protective role of the host microbiota. Interestingly, yeasts were equally (Dh97) or more effective (YI242) in protecting germ-free than conventionally-raised larvae, showing that protection can be exerted only by yeasts and is not necessarily related to modulation of the host microbiota. Although none of the yeasts co aggregated with V anguillarum, they were able to reduce its proliferation in conventionally raised larvae, reduce initial pathogen concentration in germ-free larvae and prevent the upregulation of key components of the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory response (il1b, tnfa, c3, mpx, and il10, respectively). These results show that protection by yeasts of zebrafish larvae challenged with V anguillarum relates to an in vivo anti-pathogen effect, the modulation of the innate immune system, and suggests that yeasts avoid the host-pathogen interaction through mechanisms independent of co-aggregation. This study shows, for the first time, the protective role of zebrafish microbiota against V. anguillarum infection, and reveals mechanisms involved in protection by two non-Saccharomyces yeasts against this pathogen.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00127/ful

Incentivizing Information Literacy Integration: A Case Study on Faculty–Librarian Collaboration

Frequently, information literacy instruction takes the form of a one-shot library session with minimal collaboration between librarians and teaching faculty. To offer an alternative to this model, librarians implemented the Information Literacy Mini-Grant; an incentivized program inviting teaching faculty to collaborate with librarians to redesign an assignment to integrate information literacy into their course. Following the semester-long collaboration, teaching faculty provided written feedback and participated in a panel discussion to share their experiences with the program. This case study examines teaching faculty’s perceptions of collaborating with librarians in the pilot year of the program. Teaching faculty’s feedback provided insights into their perceptions of librarians, their thoughts regarding librarians’ unique expertise as pedagogical partners, and the challenges of collaborations. This case study considers the successes and challenges of the program and provides recommendations for future faculty-librarian collaborations that position librarians as partners in student learning

Construcción de una escala sobre creencias de docentes de educación media acerca de la reforma de la educación matemática en Costa Rica

Se presentan los resultados de elaborar y validar una escala tipo Likert para la medición de las creencias de los docentes de la educación media sobre los programas de estudio de matemática aprobados por el Consejo Superior de Educación de Costa Rica en el año 2012, como un componente del proyecto de investigación “Reforma de la educación matemática en Costa Rica. Evaluación de avance a tres años de aplicación y sistemas de creencias de los profesores sobre la reforma” (REMEYC). La versión preliminar de la escala se sometió a un proceso de validación de contenido mediante la técnica de juicio de expertos, con la participación de especialistas en matemática educativa de la Escuela de Matemática del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Posteriormente se realizó una prueba piloto con la participación de 51 docentes de matemática de colegios públicos. Con los datos recabados se realizó un estudio de las propiedades psicométricas de la escala, mediante el cálculo del índice de discriminación de los ítems, el análisis de la unidimensionalidad empleando técnicas del análisis factorial y el establecimiento de la confiabilidad aplicando la técnica del alfa de Cronbach. Con base en los resultados del estudio psicométrico se conformó la versión definitiva de la escala integrada por 20 ítems