The Effect of Giving Methanol Extract from Magrove Leaves Rhizopora Sp. to The Increase of Erythrocite Amount in Anemia In -Vivo

This study aims to determine the effect of methanol extract of mangrove leaves Rhizopora sp. on increasing the number of erythrocytes in anemic rats in vivo. This type of research is a laboratory experimental research. The research design used was a post only control group design using a sample of 4 treatments and each treatment with 5 replications. The sample in this study was a sample taken, namely mice aged 3-4 months with a body weight of 20-25 grams. Male mice (Musmusculus L) and mangrove Rhizophora sp. taken from the coastal village of Lembar. This study used two treatments, namely P1 (methanol extract of mangrove leaves 100mg/kgbb and P2 (methanol extract of mangrove leaves 200mg/kgbb), while for positive control (Ferro Fumarate), and negative control (aquadest). sp. to the increase in the number of anemic mice in vivo K-, K+, PI, and P2, respectively, the average number of erythrocytes was 3.55 x 106/mm3, 7.01 x 106 / mm3, 7.848 x 106 / mm3 and 9.056 x 106 / mm 3. The data were obtained using the ANOVA statistical test to determine whether there was a difference in the effective dose of each treatment, it was necessary to continue with the LSD test, the results were not significantly different between K+, P1 and P2 but significantly different from K- which means there was an effect of giving extract Mangrove leaf methanol on increasing the number of erythrocyte anemia in vivo

Potential of ethnobotanical medicinal plants used by Malayali tribes in Yercaud hills, Eastern ghats of Tamil Nadu, India

Ethnobotanical knowledge plays an important role in therapeutic beneficial by traditional people of the Yercaud hills, Eastern ghats of the State Tamil Nadu. This current study focused on documentation of medicinal plants used to treat several ailments. Enlightenment of medicinal plants data was gathered from the Malayali tribes, using an integrated approach like botanical collections, group discussion and interviews with questionnaires in the year 2018 – 2019. During the survey a total number of 40 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 38 genera and 25 families were documented. Traditional names of the plants by traditional healers and local community members were prepared as a checklist.  The checklist of medicinal plants used by Malayali tribes are listed with botanical name, vernacular name, family, parts used, mode of preparation, mode of admiration and medicinal uses. We observed that the documented ethnomedicinal plants were commonly used to treating snakebite, earache, chest pain, body pain, lumbago, eczema, haemorrhoids, jaundice, dog bite, sprain, beetle bite, epididymitis, bone fracture, arthritis and painful menstruation. The results of this study showed that the tribal people still depended on medicinal plants in Yercaud Hills for treating various diseases. This would be a baseline data of medicinal plants for future research and potential development of novel drugs

PERSEPSI MAHASISWA BAHASA ASING TERAPAN UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO MENGENAI PJJ DARING

Indonesia has implemented number of regulations in response to COVID-19, one of which is the temporary suspension of crowd-attracting activities, including in the education sector. It also effected to the learning process transition from offline to online learning system. The purpose of this research was to ascertain Applied Foreign Language students' perceptions of online learning. This study collects data through descriptive quantitative methods as main data, study literature as secondary data, and survey as data collecting method. The results indicated that some students of Applied Foreign Languages believed that online learning was still ineffective in its application, owing to a number of impediments, including unstable networks, a lack of comprehension of the provided material, a lack of space and time, and an unsupportive learning environment. Therefore, this research is supposed to serve as a tool for related parties in evaluating and seeking solutions over the issues that occure

Antigenotoxic Effect of Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert Essential Oil in Mouse Spermatogonial Cells, and Determination of Its Antioxidant Capacity in Vitro

Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert (Asteraceae), popularly known as chamomile, is a plant used in traditional medicine for various therapeutic purposes. Chamomile essential oil (CEO) is particularly known to inhibit the genotoxic damage produced by mutagens in mice somatic cells. The aim of this research was to determine the inhibitory potential of CEO on the genotoxic damage produced by daunorubicin (DAU) in mice germ cells. We evaluated the effect of 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg of essential oil on the rate of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) induced in spermatogonia by 10 mg/kg of the mutagen. We found no genotoxicity of CEO, but detected an inhibition of SCE after the damage induced by DAU; from the lowest to the highest dose of CEO we found an inhibition of 47.5%, 61.9%, and 93.5%, respectively. As a possible mechanism of action, the antioxidant capacity of CEO was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and ferric thiocyanate assays. In the first test we observed a moderate scavenging potential of the oil; nevertheless, the second assay showed an antioxidant capacity similar to that observed with vitamin E. In conclusion, we found that CEO is an efficient chemoprotective agent against the damage induced by DAU in the precursor cells of the germinal line of mice, and that its antioxidant capacity may induce this effect

In vitro cytotoxic, genotoxic and antioxidant/oxidant effects of guaiazulene on human lymphocytes

The aim of this study was to evaluate for the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant/oxidant activity of GYZ on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Guaiazulene (GYZ) was added into culture tubes at various concentrations (0-400 µg/mL-1). Cytotoxicity against the human lymphocytes cultures was examined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. The proliferative response was estimated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antioxidant/oxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels. Micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberration (CA) tests were used in genotoxicity studies. The results showed that GYZ caused cytotoxicity in the PBLs at high concentrations, but TOS level were not affected, while the level of TAC was significantly increased. GYZ also did not induce chromosomal aberrations when compared to that of the control group. Results this study clearly revealed that GYZ was not genotoxic and also increased the capacity of the antioxidant in the culture of human PBL cells. This report is first report on the impact of GYZ on human PBL cells

Oxidative Stress and Vascular Function: Implications for Pharmacologic Treatments

Production of considerable amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) eventually leads to oxidative stress. A key role of oxidative stress is evident in the pathologic mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and associated cardiovascular diseases. Vascular enzymes such as NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase are involved in the production of ROS. The question remains whether pharmacologic approaches can effectively combat the excessive ROS production in the vasculature. Interestingly, existing registered cardiovascular drugs can directly or indirectly act as antioxidants, thereby preventing the damaging effects of ROS. Moreover, new compounds targeting NADPH oxidases have been developed. Finally, food-derived compounds appear to be effective inhibitors of oxidative stress and preserve vascular function