Ganho de peso, dislipidemia e parâmetros alterados para síndrome metabólica em pacientes de primeiro episódio psicótico após seguimento de seis meses

OBJECTIVES: Obesity and metabolic abnormalities are frequent in psychotic patients, including first-episode psychosis. We evaluated weight and metabolic parameters in first-episode psychotic outpatients from the First Episode Psychosis Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). METHOD: Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, glucose and lipid levels were measured at baseline and after a six-month period. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients were included and 44 (77.2%) of them finished the study. Patients had a median age of 26.3 years, 60% were men and 43% had a diagnosis of schizophrenia at the endpoint. Weight and BMI values increased significantly during the follow-up (p < 0.01). The average weight gain at the follow-up was 10.1% of the baseline weight (SD = 11.9). Only women presented significant waist abnormalities: at the first assessment the waist mean was 79.12 cm (SD = 10.68) and 6 months later it had increased to 89.65 cm (SD = 11.19, z = -3.182, p = 0.001). After 6 months, the total cholesterol (p = 0.004), and triglyceride levels (p = 0.016) increased, while HDL-cholesterol levels decreased (p = 0.025). During the follow-up period one patient (2.3%) developed diabetes mellitus, one (2.3%) presented altered fasting glucose, 12 (27.2%) patients developed at least two altered parameters for metabolic syndrome and 3 (6.8%) patients developed metabolic syndrome (p = 0.001). DISCUSSION: The results of this study showed that in a short period of time individuals under antipsychotic treatment had their weight increased significantly and developed important metabolic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of these risks, choose an antipsychotic that causes less weight gain and should monitor these patients carefully, and recommend prophylactic measures as diet restriction and physical activities.OBJETIVOS: Obesidade e alterações metabólicas são freqüentes em pacientes psicóticos, inclusive no primeiro episódio psicótico. Foram avaliados peso e parâmetros metabólicos em pacientes em tratamento no Programa de Episódio Psicótico da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). MÉTODO: Peso, altura, medida de cintura e quadril, glicemia e perfil lipídico foram avaliados no início do tratamento e após seis meses. RESULTADOS: Cinqüenta e sete pacientes foram incluídos no estudo e 44 (72%) concluíram o estudo. Os pacientes apresentavam em média 26,3 anos, 60% eram do sexo masculino e, ao final do estudo, 43% apresentavam diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Houve aumento significativo do peso e índice de massa corporal durante o estudo (p < 0,01). Em média, o peso aumentou 10,1% do peso inicial (SD = 11,9). Apenas mulheres apresentaram alterações na medida da cintura: no início, a média da cintura era de 79,12 cm (SD = 10,68) e, após seis meses, houve um aumento para 89,65 cm (SD = 11,19, z = -3,182, p = 0,001). Após seis meses, houve aumento do colesterol total (p = 0,004) e triglicérides (p = 0,016), e diminuição dos níveis de colesterol HDL (p = 0,025). No período, um paciente (2,3%) desenvolveu diabetes mellitus, um paciente (2,3%) apresentou glicemia de jejum alterada, 12 (27,2%) desenvolveram pelo menos dois parâmetros alterados para síndrome metabólica, e 3 (6,8%) apresentaram síndrome metabólica (p = 0,001). DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo mostram que em um curto período de tempo pacientes em tratamento com antipsicóticos aumentaram substancialmente o peso e desenvolveram importantes alterações metabólicas. CONCLUSÃO: Os clínicos devem estar atentos a esses riscos, escolher medicações que causem menor ganho de peso, devendo monitorar esses pacientes cuidadosamente e recomendar medidas profiláticas como restrição dietética e atividade física.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of Psychiatry First-episode Psychosis ProgramUNIFESP, Department of Psychiatry First-episode Psychosis ProgramSciEL

Chemical, functional, and structural properties of spent coffee grounds and coffee silverskin

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) and coffee silverskin (CS) represent a great pollution hazard if discharged into the environment. Taking this fact into account, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, functional properties, and structural characteristics of these agro-industrial residues in order to identify the characteristics that allow their reutilization in industrial processes. According to the results, SCG and CS are both of lignocellulosic nature. Sugars polymerized to their cellulose and hemicellulose fractions correspond to 51.5 and 40.45 % w/w, respectively; however, the hemicellulose sugars and their composition significantly differ from one residue to another. SCG and CS particles differ in terms of morphology and crystallinity, but both materials have very low porosity and similar melting point. In terms of functional properties, SCG and CS present good water and oil holding capacities, emulsion activity and stability, and antioxidant potential, being therefore great candidates for use on food and pharmaceutical fields.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Science and Technology Foundation of Portugal (FCT) through the grant SFRH/BD/80948/2011 and the Strategic Project PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2013. The authors also thank the Project "BioInd - Biotechnology and Bioengineering for improved Industrial and Agro-Food processes", REF. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000028 co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2-O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER. Thanks are also given to Prof. Jose J.M. Orfao, from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade do Porto (Portugal), for his assistance with the porosity analyses

Observation of Bc+ →j /ψD (∗)K (∗) decays

A search for the decays B+c→J/ψD(*)0K+ and B+c→J/ψD(*)+K*0 is performed with data collected at the LHCb experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1. The decays B+c→J/ψ0K+ and B+c→J/ψD*0K+ are observed for the first time, while first evidence is reported for the B+c→JψD*+K*0 and B+c→J/ψD+K*0 decays. The branching fractions of these decays are determined relative to the B+c→J/ψπ+ decay. The B+c mass is measured, using the J/ψD0K+ final state, to be 6274.28±1.40(stat)±0.32(syst) MeV/c2. This is the most precise single measurement of the B+c mass to date

Revisiting the technical validation of tumour biomarker assays: how to open a Pandora's box

A tumour biomarker is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated in tumour samples as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. The development of a biomarker contemplates distinct phases, including discovery by hypothesis-generating preclinical or exploratory studies, development and qualification of the assay for the identification of the biomarker in clinical samples, and validation of its clinical significance. Although guidelines for the development and validation of biomarkers are available, their implementation is challenging, owing to the diversity of biomarkers being developed. The term 'validation' undoubtedly has several meanings; however, in the context of biomarker research, a test may be considered valid if it is 'fit for purpose'. In the process of validation of a biomarker assay, a key point is the validation of the methodology. Here we discuss the challenges for the technical validation of immunohistochemical and gene expression assays to detect tumour biomarkers and provide suggestions of pragmatic solutions to address these challenges

A study of the Z production cross-section in pp collisions at √s = 7 using tau final states

A measurement of the inclusive Z → ττ cross-section in pp collisions at √s =7 is presented based on a dataset of 1.0 fb[superscript −1] collected by the LHCb detector. Candidates for Z → τ τ decays are identified through reconstructed final states with two muons, a muon and an electron, a muon and a hadron, or an electron and a hadron. The production cross-section for Z bosons, with invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV/c[superscript 2], which decay to τ leptons with transverse momenta greater than 20 GeV/c and pseudorapidities between 2.0 and 4.5, is measured to be σ[subscript pp]→Z→ττ = 71.4 ± 3.5 ± 2.8 ± 2.5 pb; the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to the uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The ratio of the cross-sections for Z → τ τ to Z → μμ is determined to be 0.93 ± 0.09, where the uncertainty is the combination of statistical, systematic, and luminosity uncertainties of the two measurements.National Science Foundation (U.S.

Search for new physics in the multijet and missing transverse momentum final state in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 Tev

Peer reviewe

Study of hadronic event-shape variables in multijet final states in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Measurement of Higgs boson production and properties in the WW decay channel with leptonic final states

Peer reviewe

AGRONOMIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF DIPLOID IMPROVED BANANA GENOTYPES

An investigation about the genetical diversity among eleven banana diploid genotypes using nine agronomical characteristics and sixteen microsatellite markers was implanted at Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits. Cruz das Almas (BA), Brazil. The generalized distance of Mahalanobis indicated the presence of genetic diversity. The genotypes were grouped into tree clusters. Among the investigated characteristics, the plant height, number of bunch's, number of fruits per bunch and pseudostem exhibited high contribution towards genetic divergence. The average number of alleles per primer was 7.51, with a total of 120 alleles identified. The average similarity among the all diploid was 0.44, range from 0.29 up to 0.60. New parental combinations can be identified with base of the divergence between these diploids, contributing for development of new improved diploids preventing the narrow genetic base and creating new genetic variability for selection.31115416