Detecting interannual and seasonal variability in rock glacier movement using a feature tracking approach

Permafrost degradation induces changes in water availability and runoff as well as slope instabilities in alpine regions. A thorough quantification of the degradational processes is therefore important for society in the immediate region and beyond, as it helps deepening our understanding and ultimately allows anticipating future trajectories of the alpine cryosphere. However, permafrost being an underground phenomenon makes quantification and temporal differentiation of the degradation processes inherently difficult. Active rock glaciers have become a prime research object as internal permafrost degradation induces changes in their kinematic behaviour. In our study, we investigate the surface kinematics of the Kaiserberg rock glacier in the Austrian Kaunertal on different timescales. To derive interannual surface displacement rates, we rely on UAV-derived digital topography from 2019-2022. In addition, we installed a time-lapse camera that records daily images of the rock glacier in July 2022 to resolve rock glacier movement at a higher temporal resolution. For both data sets, we use a feature-tracking approach as implemented in the environmental motion tracking software EMT. Preliminary results show differentiated velocity fields on the rock glacier surface with the southern lobe moving significantly faster than the larger northern lobe. Mean movement rates (2019- 2022) are around 0.58 m yr-1 for the southern lobe where maximum movement rates range up to 1.80 m yr-1. In contrast, mean movement rates for the northern lobe are only 0.1 m yr-1 with maximum rates of 0.36 m yr-1. Similar to earlier studies, we find a general increase in surface velocities over the past years that points to ongoing permafrost degradation. The pending analysis of the daily time lapse photos will provide an insight into how much of the annual movement occurs in summer and how the kinematics vary within a single season. As the timing of data acquisition varied each year, this knowledge can then also be used to refine the interpretation of interannual movement rates.Fil: Rehn, Lisa. Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg; AlemaniaFil: Tapia Baldis, Carla Cintia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Blöthe, Jan Henrick. Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg; AlemaniaMid-European Geomorphology MeetingSalzburgSuizaSalzburg UniversityGeoresearchTechnische Universität Münche

Voluntary disclosures in annual reports : From a management perspective

Bakgrund och problem: Kraven på företagens informationsutlämning ökar, intressenterna efterfrågar mer information som är tillförlitlig, relevant och användbar. Detta gäller speciellt information som inte är lagstadgad, den frivilliga informationen. Ledningen stöter på olika problem vid hanteringen av den frivilliga informationen så som osäkerhet kring framåtriktad information, information som är särskilt konkurrenskänslig och påtryckningar från aktieägare. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva vilken frivillig information de undersökta företag redovisar i sina årsredovisningar samt att utifrån en kategorisering av detta analysera de skillnader och likheter som finns mellan olika ledningars syn på frivillig information. Metod: Studien sker med en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod där representanter från sex företag intervjuas. Vidare sker en kategorisering utifrån en granskning av den frivilliga informationen i företagens senaste årsredovisning. Resultat och slutsats: Det finns skillnader i hur ledningarna hanterar de problem som uppstår med den frivilliga informationen. Den framåtriktade informationen ska bara publiceras om den är tillräckligt säker, så att företaget inte tvingas att revidera informationen. Intressenterna vill ha transparens, något som ledningen ställer upp på om företaget inte riskerar för mycket gentemot konkurrenterna . Ledningen försöker även anpassa informationen efter de olika användare årsredovisningen har och på så sätt stärka relationen mellan företaget och intressenterna

Familjehemsplacerade barns skolgång : En kvalitativ studie ur familjehemsföräldrars perspektiv.

2021-06-03</p

A NEW CHANCE : A literature based study about patients’ experiences of life after cardiac arrest

BAKGRUND: I Sverige drabbas ungefär 15 000 människor av hjärtstopp varje år. Det är en traumatisk händelse som kan påverka patienters fysiska och psykiska hälsa samt sociala liv. Det är betydelsefullt att sjuksköterskor har kunskap om hur de ska bemöta och stödja dessa patienter på bästa möjliga sätt. Trots detta saknas forskning i området. SYFTE: Studiens syfte var att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av livet efter hjärtstopp. METOD: Metoden som användes var en litteraturbaserad studie där åtta kvalitativa artiklar inkluderades. RESULTAT: Ur analysen framkom tre teman; Förståelse för det som har hänt, Finna vägen tillbaka till ett tryggt liv och Anpassningar till det nya livet med sju underteman. SLUTSATS: Att skapa sig en förståelse för händelsen och lära sig leva ett hälsosamt liv är en lång bearbetningsprocess. Patienter upplever brist på stöd och information från vårdpersonal. Det är betydelsefullt att sjuksköterskan har kunskap om de fysiska och psykiska förändringar som kan uppstå efter ett hjärtstopp för att främja hälsa och lindra lidande för patienterna.BACKGROUND: Approximately 15 000 people suffer from cardiac arrest in Sweden every year. It is a traumatic experience that can affect patients’ physical and mental health, and social life. Despite the importance for nurses to have the knowledge how to meet and support the patients for the best possible care, there is a gap in the research about the experience of cardiac arrest survivors. AIM: The aim of this study was to describe how patients experience life after cardiac arrest. METHOD: A qualitative study based on eight research articles was conducted. FINDINGS: Three themes were identified from the analysis; Understanding of what has happened, Finding the way back to a safe life and Adjusting to the new life with seven subthemes. CONCLUSION: To gain understanding of the experience and learn to live a healthier lifestyle became a long process to adapt. Patients experience a lack of support and information from health care professionals. The importance of nurses’ knowledge of the physical and psychological changes that can occur, to promote health and alleviate suffering

Ectopic Expression of Plasmodium vivax vir Genes in P. falciparum Affects Cytoadhesion via Increased Expression of Specific var Genes

Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (PfIEs) adhere to endothelial cell receptors (ECRs) of blood vessels mainly via PfEMP1 proteins to escape elimination via the spleen. Evidence suggests that P. vivax-infected reticulocytes (PvIRs) also bind to ECRs, presumably enabled by VIR proteins, as shown by inhibition experiments and studies with transgenic P. falciparum expressing vir genes. To test this hypothesis, our study investigated the involvement of VIR proteins in cytoadhesion using vir gene-expressing P. falciparum transfectants. Those VIR proteins with a putative transmembrane domain were present in Maurer&rsquo;s clefts, and some were also present in the erythrocyte membrane. The VIR protein without a transmembrane domain (PVX_050690) was not exported. Five of the transgenic P. falciparum cell lines, including the one expressing PVX_050690, showed binding to CD36. We observed highly increased expression of specific var genes encoding PfEMP1s in all CD36-binding transfectants. These results suggest that ectopic vir expression regulates var expression through a yet unknown mechanism. In conclusion, the observed cytoadhesion of P. falciparum expressing vir genes depended on PfEMP1s, making this experimental unsuitable for characterizing VIR proteins

Development and validation of a quality of life assessment tool for use in kennelled dogs (Canis familiaris)

There is currently no objective and validated quality of life assessment tool available to assess the quality of life of domestic dogs in kennels. This study aimed to develop a validated scoring system to assess the quality of life of dogs kennelled in rehoming centres. Objective animal-based measures of welfare and quality of life, identified from the scientific literature, were included in the scoring system to indicate negative and positive quality of life. Each item was scored using a binary system to minimise subjectivity in scoring. Dogs were recruited from 13 rehoming centres into four different treatment groups: group NS consisted of dogs that had newly arrived at the shelter and received a standard husbandry routine; group NE consisted of dogs that had newly arrived at the shelter and received an enrichment programme; group LS consisted of dogs that had been in the centre for more than 30 days and received a standard husbandry routine; and group LE consisted of dogs that had been in the shelter for more than 30 days and received an enrichment programme. Inter-observer reliability of each item was established and internal consistency of the entire score was assessed: seven unreliable items were removed and the scoring system was refined. 26.7 (ICC1. = 0.267) of the variation in quality of life scores was explained by rehoming centre group membership, and rehoming centre groups could reliably be differentiated in terms of quality of life scores (ICC2. = 0.832). Therefore, quality of life scores varied between rehoming centres but other factors must exist to explain the remaining 73.3 of the variation in quality of life scores. The addition of an enrichment programme and later recruitment onto the study increased quality of life scores by 0.035. ±. 0.027 (SE) and 0.086. ±. 0.027 (SE), respectively. These increases represent an 8.27 and a 20.33 improvement on the overall (across all treatment groups) mean QoL score (0.423). Evidence of good content, construct and criterion validity was established, however, internal consistency was found to be poor, indicating that the reliability of the score could be improved. © 2014 Elsevier B.V