Factors influencing intention to create new venture among young graduates

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that are influencing the young graduates for intention to create new venture. The study further highlights how the attraction, networking support, entrepreneurial capabilities, self-independence and self-reliance influence the young students to initiate their new businesses. The sample size of this study was 255 final semester students of various disciplines in different universities from Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The survey based questionnaire was used for data collection. Based on findings this study concludes that all variables, included in the study, play a vital role in new venture creation. Therefore, on the basis of findings this study concludes that young students are more motivated towards new venture creation and start their own businesses.Influencing factors, new venture creation, different disciplines, young graduates, motivation

A simple method to reduce infection of ventriculoperitoneal shunts Clinical article

Object: Postoperative shunt infection is the most common and feared complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement for treatment of hydrocephalus. The rate of shunt infection is highest in the 1st postoperative month. The most common organisms responsible for shunt infection include coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. This suggests a transfer of Patient\u27s skin flora via the surgeons\u27 glove as a possible means of infection. The authors conducted a study to determine if the rate of postoperative shunt infections could be reduced simply by changing gloves before handling the shunt catheter. Methods: A total of 111 neonates born with congenital hydrocephalus requiring a VP shunt were enrolled retrospectively and divided into 2 groups: a control group of 54 neonates treated with standard protocol VP shunt placement (Group A) and a treatment group of 57 neonates in whom, after initially double gloving, the outer pair of gloves was removed before handling the shunt catheter (Group B). Shunt infection rates were compared up to 6 months postoperatively. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction of infection rate from 16.33% in Group A (control) to 3.77% in Group B (p = 0.0458). Conclusions: The study shows that a changing of gloves before handling the shunt catheter may be a simple and cost-effective way to reduce the burden of postoperative shunt infections

RF MEMS Based Tunable Bowtie Shaped Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filter

A tunable bandpass filter based on a technique that utilizes substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and double coupling is presented. The SIW based bandpass filter is implemented using a bowtie shaped resonator structure. The bowtie shaped filter exhibits similar performance as found in rectangular and circular shaped SIW based bandpass filters. This concept reduces the circuit foot print of SIW; along with miniaturization high quality factor is maintained by the structure. The design methodology for single-pole triangular resonator structure is presented. Two different inter-resonator couplings of the resonators are incorporated in the design of the two-pole bowtie shaped SIW bandpass filter, and switching between the two couplings using a packaged RF MEMS switch delivers the tunable filter. A tunning of 1 GHz is achieved for two frequency states of 6.3 and 7.3 GHz. The total size of the circuit is 70mm x 36mm x 0.787 mm (LxWxH)

PLANNED BEHAVIOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INTENTION TO CREATE A NEW VENTURE AMONG YOUNG GRADUATES

This paper attempts to investigate whether young graduates possess the leadership style that is pre-requisite to become entrepreneur. The paper further examines the role of higher education towards the desire of new venture creation among young graduates in developing economies specially. This study analyzed the response of 225 final-semester students at different universities in Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Lahore. A questionnaire based survey instrument was used. Result of the present study shows that education and new venture creation are positively and significantly correlated. The results further indicate that all variables used in this study are significantly correlated with intention to create a new venture. The limitation of this study is that it includes business and economics discipline students only. Further studies may investigate and examine the possibilities of similar outcomes among students of other disciplines including science, engineering, medicine, agriculture and law etc. The present study will, however, provide insight to future policy makers and planners to consider strategies for optimally utilizing the expertise and potentials of the young graduates. The academicians, educators, and university authorities have rethink what to teach? How to teach? In order to effectively prepare-young generation for the forthcoming challenges.entrepreneurship, leadership style, new venture creation, planned behavior, young graduates.

Heterotopic Ossification following Suprapatellar Intramedullary Nailing.

Introduction: Tibial shaft fractures are common fractures seen in trauma and orthopedic practice today. The majority of these fractures are treated with intramedullary nailing (IMN) which is rapidly becoming a gold standard. The procedure itself is performed by either a suprapatellar approach or infrapatellar approach. Suprapatellar approach is gaining popularity due to relative ease of insertion, decreased associated risk of anterior knee pain, and more accurate reduction. We report a case of heterotopic ossification noted in the knee following IMN of tibia performed using a suprapatellar approach. Case Report: A 27-year-old male, having sustained a left, Gustilo IIIB tibial shaft fracture following a motor vehicle accident, underwent a reamed intramedullary nail fixation performed through a suprapatellar approach. Two months later, he presented with intra-articular heterotopic ossification which was limiting his knee movement. He then underwent arthroscopic removal of the bony fragments which resolved his symptoms. Conclusion: An extensive search of literature did not yield any reported incidence of heterotopic ossification associated with IMN performed through a suprapatellar approach. We present this case report to raise awareness that although IMN through a suprapatellar approach is a safe approach, it does have associated risk of heterotopic ossification which needs to be included in the consent process

Salinity management alternatives for the Rechna Doab, Punjab, Pakistan. Volume 7 - Initiative for upscaling: irrigation subdivision as the building block

Irrigation management / Soil salinity / Agricultural development / Resource management / Crop production / Intensive cropping / Cotton / Wheat / Rice / Sugarcane / Irrigated farming / Pakistan / Punjab / Rechna Doab

Shadow mapping algorithms: Applications and limitations

This study provides an overview of popular and famous algorithms and techniques in shadow maps generation.Well- known techniques in shadow maps generation is described detail, along with a discussion of the advantages and drawbacks of each. Basic ideas, improvements and future works of the techniques are also comprehensively summarized and analyzed in depth. Often, programmers have difficulty selecting an appropriate shadow generation algorithm that is specific to their purpose. We have classified and systemized these techniques. The main goal of this paper is to provide researchers with background on a variety of shadow mapping techniques so as make it easier for them to choose the method best suited to their aims. It is al-so hoped that our analysis will help researchers find solutions to the shortcomings of each technique. © 2015 NSP Natural Sciences Publishing Co