Studying the impacts of primary incidents on freeways to identify secondary incidents

Freeway incidents are associated with different impacts such as traffic congestion, delays, fuel consumption, secondary incidents etc. Secondary incidents are caused due to primary incidents and require the same personnel who are already engaged. This thesis studies various impacts caused by primary incident in space and time occurring on the freeways and these results are applied to identify secondary incidents. Three types of impacts are identified and proposed in this study. Dynamic nature of queue length in the direction of accident is studied. Dynamic nature of congestion in the opposite direction of the freeway till the accident is cleared is also studied. Dynamic nature of movement of distraction point on the opposite side of the freeway as the queue gets cleared in accident direction is studied. Finally, simulations are carried out by using Las Vegas freeway traffic volumes to show the effect of these impacts in Las Vegas region. The simulation results are applied to real time data to identify secondary incidents

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURALLY FEASIBLE SMALL UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

This study is focused on designing conformal antennas to be deployed with the inflatable wings for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The main emphasis is on utilizing the structure of the wing to develop antennas for various frequency bands, while maintaining the wing’s aerodynamic performance. An antenna modeler and optimizer software called 4NEC2 and a program called WIRECODE were used to design and determine the characteristics of the antennas. The effect of flexibility of the inflatable wing on the antenna characteristics during flight is also evaluated

CHIP: Clustering hotspots in layout using integer programming

Clustering algorithms have been explored in recent years to solve hotspot clustering problem in Integrated Circuit design. With various applications in Design for Manufacturability flow such as hotspot library generation, systematic yield optimization and design space exploration, generating good quality clusters along with their representative clips is of utmost importance. With several generic clustering algorithms at our disposal, hotspots can be clustered based on the distance metric defined while satisfying some tolerance conditions. However, the clusters generated from generic clustering algorithms need not achieve optimal results. In this paper, we introduce two optimal integer linear programming formulations based on triangle inequality to solve the problem of minimizing cluster count while satisfying given constraints. Apart from minimizing cluster count, we generate representative clips that best represent the clusters formed. We achieve better cluster count for both formulations in most test cases as compared to the results published in literature on the ICCAD 2016 contest benchmarks as well as the reference results reported in the ICCAD 2016 contest websit

Thermal transient flow rate sensor for high temperature liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor

In nuclear power plants and accelerator driven system (ADS) for nuclear waste treatment, it is important to monitor the coolant flow rate in the reactor core and pipe-line. In such a strong irradiation, high pressure and temperature environment, no accurate local flow measurement technique is readily available. Electromagnetic (EM) flow meter is popular in low temperature application as it is a non-intrusive technology. However, additional voltage will be produced due to temperature, flow, pressure, the chemical properties of the liquid metal and surface condition of the steel walls. In addition, the non-definite wetting behavior of liquid lead-bismuth to the electrically conducting structure material can lead to incorrect readings even during one measurement day. As the temperature measurement technique is well developed for high temperature applications, one alternative flow rate measurement technique is proposed here based on correlation velocity measurement using temperature sensors. The impulse response function (IRF) will be used instead of the cross-correlation function in the time delay estimation. The IRF method shows a more accurate estimation of the transit time, which allows extremely low velocities (down to 2 cm/sec) to be detected. In this research work, the faster thermal diffusion effect in low Prandtl number liquid metal will be considered for the better delay time estimation. The proposed research will be completed in two years, and in specific, the PIs plan to fulfill the research missions by performing the following activities:1. Review the related literature on correlation velocity measurement technique using temperature noise in the flow field;2. Design and construct a correlation velocity measurement device with a possibility of changing the distances between the two temperature sensors;3. Develop a signal processing and data reduction scheme and implement it to a LabVIEW data acquisition system;4. Perform experiments with different sensor distances and various Reynoldsnumbers in several different water temperatures in single-phase water flows.Experimental results will be compared to a Pitot tube or hot-wire anemometry;5. Evaluate the measurement device in the by-pass system of TC-1.6. Design a circuit board for sensor integration

Quote Hub

Today Mobile application has made a drastic change in present world. As every individual can complete the work by just working with the application without going anywhere. It’s hard to imagine the world without Mobile Application which made easy for individuals in both professional and social means. In mobile applications there are two types. They are Native Applications Hybrid Applications Native Applications: These are applications which are not compatible in other Operating Systems. Hybrid Applications: These are applications which are compatible in other Operating Systems. Quotehub is a native application and works only on Android. In this application a user can add background image and add quote. In this application there are four types of Quotes in this application. They are Inspirational Quotes Humor Quotes Romance Quotes Personal Quotes This is a user interactive application to set up Quote and Background images randomly according to quotes. This application will make the user to set weekly or daily encouragement message and user can get the chance to update the quotes in personal section and can add the background image according to it. In this one can update his own quotes and also his personal images which will make the user develop knowledge in making quotes and which will help in his/her professional and personal life. It can help a user to get encouraged by quote made by him and if he had a bad experience he can make it as a quote for the week which will make the user to be aware about the mistake. It can provide a new application because we have many applications which are social but very less are personal. In social a user cannot post a bad experience or few personal images and in social media user might forget past updates or it might be difficult for user to check previous. In this user can check frequently and also delete. The release date is not yet finalized

Lower Extremity Injury Rates on Artificial Turf Versus Natural Grass Surfaces in the National Football League During the 2021 and 2022 Seasons.

BACKGROUND: It has been argued that the use of artificial turf football fields in the National Football League (NFL) increases player injury risk compared with natural grass surfaces. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to quantify the rate of lower extremity injuries occurring in NFL players on artificial turf compared with natural grass surfaces and characterize the time missed due to injury and proportion of injuries requiring surgery. It was hypothesized that lower extremity injuries requiring surgical intervention would occur at a higher rate on artificial turf than on natural grass. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: Lower extremity injury data for the 2021 and 2022 NFL seasons were obtained using publicly available records. Data collected included injury type, player position, player age, playing surface, weeks missed due to injury, and whether the patient underwent season-ending or minor surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the risk of season-ending surgery according to playing surface. RESULTS: When combining injuries for the 2021 and 2022 seasons (N = 718 injuries), the incidence rate of lower extremity injury was 1.22 injuries/game for natural grass and 1.42 injuries/game for artificial turf. The odds of a season-ending surgery were found to be significantly higher on artificial turf compared with natural grass (odds ratio = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.28-1.99; P < .05), while additional variables, including weather, age, position, week of injury occurrence, and history of prior injury, did not influence the odds of season-ending surgery. CONCLUSION: The 2021 and 2022 NFL seasons of our analysis demonstrated a higher incidence rate of injuries on artificial turf surfaces compared with natural grass surfaces. In addition, the odds of injury requiring season-ending surgery were found to be significantly higher on artificial turf compared with natural grass

Transactive Energy Design for Integrated Transmission and Distribution Systems

The increasing deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs) is disrupting every aspect of power system operations, from retail distribution to wholesale production and transmission. This paper reports on the development of an agentbased test system enabling the study of new transactive energy system (TES) designs to ensure the reliable efficient operation of integrated transmission and distribution (ITD) systems with growing DER penetration. This ITD test system is used to explore the ability of a non-profit Distribution System Operator (DSO), participating within an ITD system, to use an innovative TES design to manage the power usage of DER devices in accordance with the local goals and constraints of DER owners, and to extract flexible ancillary services from DER devices in return for appropriate market-based compensation

Conformal Group Recommender System

Group recommender systems (GRS) are critical in discovering relevant items from a near-infinite inventory based on group preferences rather than individual preferences, like recommending a movie, restaurant, or tourist destination to a group of individuals. The traditional models of group recommendation are designed to act like a black box with a strict focus on improving recommendation accuracy, and most often, they place the onus on the users to interpret recommendations. In recent years, the focus of Recommender Systems (RS) research has shifted away from merely improving recommendation accuracy towards value additions such as confidence and explanation. In this work, we propose a conformal prediction framework that provides a measure of confidence with prediction in conjunction with a group recommender system to augment the system-generated plain recommendations. In the context of group recommender systems, we propose various nonconformity measures that play a vital role in the efficiency of the conformal framework. We also show that defined nonconformity satisfies the exchangeability property. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach over several benchmark datasets. Furthermore, our proposed approach also satisfies validity and efficiency properties.Comment: 23 page