Property evaluation of diabetic socks used to prevent diabetic foot syndrome

Diabetes is a chronic disease which is increasing during the past years. Studies state that in 2025 the number of patients around the world will approximately be the double. Due to the complications promoted by diabetes, the patient looses sensitivity, but at the same time injuries are more complicated to be healed. Special care must take place with diabetic feet, namely by using proper shoes and socks, in order to avoid exceeding friction, sudation, high temperature, among other relevant factors. One of the most serious problems for diabetic patients is called diabetic foot syndrome, that when neglected, can become dramatic, because in extreme cases, amputation of the foot may occur. In this research we studied several socks, made with new and advanced materials and diversified knitted structures, focusing on socks commercially available and specially designed for diabetic patients, in order to understand what would be the most adequate combination of structure and fibres that would give the adequate results in terms of l properties using different equipment and to foreseen the possibility of indicating the most appropriate material/sock for the different existing diabetic foot syndromes.(undefined

Environmental Literacy: case study in a class from the 6th year of the 2nd Cycle of Primary School

[Resumo] A Literacia Ambiental é um assunto incontornável no séc. XXI, pelas questões ambientais, como as alterações climáticas extremas, que podem ser cruciais na preservação da biodiversidade e qualidade de vida no nosso Planeta (Moreno & Mafra, 2019). Urge, desta forma, um comprometimento de “todos” na promoção de uma ação mais ativa e consciente na resolução dos problemas ambientais atuais e prevenção de futuros. Educar é um objetivo da sociedade e em particular do sistema educativo (Sanches, 2011). A escola constitui uma segunda “moradia” para os futuros adultos, pelo que se apresenta como o ambiente mais favorável na aquisição de novas competências, designadamente as relacionadas com a Literacia Ambiental, num gesto de respeito mútuo entre o si e o outro. O presente trabalho recai sobre um estudo de Literacia Ambiental evidenciado por um grupo de alunos que frequentam o 6.º ano do Ensino Básico. Segundo Spínola (2011, p. 290) citando Hungerford & Volk (1990) e Hollweg et. al. (2011), a conceptualização da Literacia Ambiental inclui o “domínio de quatro componentes interrelacionados: conhecimento, disposições, competências e comportamentos amigos do ambiente”. Destas quatro componentes, anteriormente referidas, destacaram-se duas, objetivo do estudo, conhecimentos e comportamentos amigos do ambiente[Abstract] Environmental Literacy is an unavoidable subject in the century. XXI, for environmental issues, such as extreme climate change, which can be crucial in preserving biodiversity and quality of life on our Planet (Moreno & Mafra, 2019). In this way, there is an urgent commitment from “everyone” to promote more active and conscious action to solve current environmental problems and prevent future ones. Educating is an objective of society and in particular of the educational system (Sanches, 2011). The school constitutes a second “home” for future adults, so it presents itself as the most favorable environment in the acquisition of new skills, namely those related to Environmental Literacy, in a gesture of mutual respect between oneself and the other. The present work relates to a study of Environmental Literacy evidenced by a group of students who attend the 6th year of Basic Education. According to Spínola (2011, p. 290) citing Hungerford & Volk (1990) and Hollweg et. al. (2011), the conceptualization of Environmental Literacy includes the “mastery of four interrelated components: knowledge, dispositions, competences and environmentally friendly behaviors”. Of these four components, previously mentioned, two stood out, the objective of the study, knowledge and environmentally friendly behaviors

A criança com Dispneia no serviço de urgência: Dados epidemiológicos para intervenção dos enfermeiros de reabilitação

Introduction: Respiratory deseases are one of the most frequent reasons for admission and readmission to the Pediatric Emergency Department. This study aims to characterize children who come to the emergency department with dyspnea and reflect on the need for intervention by rehabilitation nurses. Methodology: A quantitative and retrospective study. The data collection was carried out through the analysis of the “Dyspnea” and “Dyspnea in children” flowcharts existing in the Triagem de Manchester program, in a pediatric emergency service, from 2018 to 2020, with 8974 children being screened. Results: The class with the highest number of admissions corresponded to young children (1-2 years old). The most frequent priority was “Little Urgent”. The breathing difficulty, hypoxemia, cough and pleuritic pain were the most verbalized signs and symptoms what is requiring the adoption of strategies to avoid and/or minimize them. Discussion: The role of the rehabilitation nurse is essential for the training of parents, in order to reduce admission to the emergency department, increase knowledge about possible respiratory pathology, minimize symptoms and enable children with respiratory system compromise to disease self-management. Conclusion: The dyspnea in children is a health problem with a high number of admissions, and the rehabilitation nurse can play an active and prominent role in the care partnership, promoting the effective parental role and the child's autonomy, while ensuring the quality of nursing care.Introducción: Los problemas respiratorios son uno de los motivos más frecuentes de ingreso y reingreso al Servicio de Urgencias de Pediatría. Este estudio tiene como objetivo caracterizar a los niños que acuden al servicio de urgencias con disnea y reflexionar sobre la necesidad de intervención por parte de enfermeras de rehabilitación. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo. La recolección de datos se realizó a través del análisis de los diagramas de flujo “Disnea” y “Disnea en niños” existentes en el programa Manchester Triage, en un servicio de urgencias pediátricas, del 2018 al 2020, siendo tamizados 8974 niños. Resultados: La clase con mayor número de admisiones correspondió a niños pequeños (1-2 años). La prioridad más frecuente fue “Pequeña Urgencia”. Dificultad respiratoria, hipoxemia, tos y dolor pleurítico fueron los signos y síntomas más verbalizados, requiriendo la adopción de estrategias para evitarlos y/o minimizarlos. Discusión: El papel de la enfermera de rehabilitación es fundamental para la formación de los padres, con el fin de reducir el ingreso al servicio de urgencias, aumentar el conocimiento sobre posibles patologías respiratorias, minimizar los síntomas y posibilitar el automanejo de la enfermedad en los niños con compromiso del sistema respiratorio. Conclusión: La disnea en los niños es un problema de salud con un elevado número de admisiones, y el enfermero rehabilitador puede desempeñar un papel activo y destacado en la colaboración del cuidado, promoviendo el papel parental efectivo y la autonomía del niño, garantizando la calidad de la atención de enfermería.Introdução: Os problemas respiratórios são um dos motivos mais frequentes de admissão e de readmissão ao serviço de urgência de pediatria. Este estudo pretende caracterizar as crianças que recorrem ao serviço de urgência com quadro de dispneia e refletir sobre a necessidade de intervenção dos enfermeiros de reabilitação. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, retrospetivo. A recolha dos dados foi concretizada através da análise dos fluxogramas “Dispneia” e “Dispneia na criança” existentes no programa de Triagem de Manchester, num serviço de urgência de pediatria, de 2018 a 2020, tendo sido triadas 8974 crianças. Resultados: A classe com maior número de admissões correspondeu às crianças pequenas (1-2 anos). A prioridade mais frequente foi “Pouco Urgente”. A dificuldade respiratória, a hipoxemia, a tosse e a dor pleurítica constituíram os sinais e sintomas mais verbalizados, exigindo a adoção de estratégias que os evitem e/ou minimizem. Discussão: A atuação do enfermeiro de reabilitação é fundamental para a capacitação dos pais, de forma a reduzir a admissão ao serviço de urgência, aumentar os conhecimentos sobre a eventual patologia respiratória, minimizar a sintomatologia e capacitar as crianças com compromisso no sistema respiratório para a autogestão da doença. Conclusão: A dispneia na criança é um problema de saúde com elevado número de admissões, sendo que o enfermeiro de reabilitação poderá apresentar um papel ativo e de elevado destaque na parceria de cuidados, promovendo o papel parental efetivo e a autonomia da criança, garantindo simultaneamente a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem

Recommendations for effective documentation in regional anesthesia: an expert panel Delphi consensus project

Background and objectives: Documentation is important for quality improvement, education, and research. There is currently a lack of recommendations regarding key aspects of documentation in regional anesthesia. The aim of this study was to establish recommendations for documentation in regional anesthesia. Methods: Following the formation of the executive committee and a directed literature review, a long list of potential documentation components was created. A modified Delphi process was then employed to achieve consensus amongst a group of international experts in regional anesthesia. This consisted of 2 rounds of anonymous electronic voting and a final virtual round table discussion with live polling on items not yet excluded or accepted from previous rounds. Progression or exclusion of potential components through the rounds was based on the achievement of strong consensus. Strong consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement and weak consensus as 50%-74% agreement. Results: Seventy-seven collaborators participated in both rounds 1 and 2, while 50 collaborators took part in round 3. In total, experts voted on 83 items and achieved a strong consensus on 51 items, weak consensus on 3 and rejected 29. Conclusion: By means of a modified Delphi process, we have established expert consensus on documentation in regional anesthesia

Identification and caracterization of materials used by diabetic foot patients

Diabetes is a problem that affects millions of people around the world. One of the most serious problems for diabetics is called diabetic foot, that when neglected, can become dramatic, because in extreme cases, amputation of the foot may occur. In this project we studied several socks, with new materials and diversified knitted structures, focused on socks used by diabetic patients. The identification and characterization of materials and knitted structures of the commercially available socks worldwide were done and to guarantee a better characterization of the socks, thet were divided in three different areas: foot, ankle and leg. After woods was carried out an objective analysis of the seven selected socks, to determine which materials and structures were the most important for a patient with diabetic foot, using statistical tools for this matter. The main finding of this study is that the 100% cotton jersey sock, referred throughout this study as our standard sock, didn´t performs as expected for the studied properties. This finding is important, because this sock is referred as the most recommended sock for a diabetic patient with diabetic foot syndrome. However, it´s noted that the performance is satisfactory in the foot area. Another factor in its favor is its low price, thus becoming a strong competitor to all the other socks studied, including the socks with advanced or high performance fibers. Therefore, those socks that had the best performance in terms of the studied properties were those with acrylic fiber, Polyester Coolmax ® and Polypropylene. This finding reinforces the idea that actually there are other alternatives in terms of new fibers with high performance for this type of product. Also the knitted structures with which the socks were knitted had a mayor contribution, since the socks in jersey and plush had the best results in terms of properties, particularly the friction coefficient, water vapour permeability, air permeability and thermal conductivity and thermal resistance. An interesting idea that resulted from this research was the need for classification of diabetic socks in two types: Socks recommended for the spring-summer: they are knitted in jersey structure and have a low mass per unit length for the threads; Socks recommended for the autumn-winter: they are knitted in plush structure and have a high mass per unit length for the threads. This kind of classification should be included on the diabetic sock labels in order to elucidate “consumers” - diabetic patients and prevent improper use of these socks. Therefore, the textile sector can and should contribute to a better quality of life of diabetic patients, particularly with diabetic foot, applying their knowledge in terms of raw materials and level of variation and combination of different knitted structures

A Case of Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma with Synchronous Bilateral Adenocarcinoma of Ovary

Endometrial stromal tumor is a rare mesenchymal uterine tumor. We report the case of a patient with endometrial stromal sarcoma and concomitant bilateral endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary in the context of pelvic endometriosis. The patient underwent a complete cytoreduction including total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, appendicectomy, infracolic omentectomy, and pelvic peritonectomy. This is the first report to our knowledge that describes a synchronous endometrial stromal sarcoma and bilateral endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary

Recommendations for effective documentation in regional anesthesia: an expert panel Delphi consensus project

Background and objectives: Documentation is important for quality improvement, education, and research. There is currently a lack of recommendations regarding key aspects of documentation in regional anesthesia. The aim of this study was to establish recommendations for documentation in regional anesthesia. Methods: Following the formation of the executive committee and a directed literature review, a long list of potential documentation components was created. A modified Delphi process was then employed to achieve consensus amongst a group of international experts in regional anesthesia. This consisted of 2 rounds of anonymous electronic voting and a final virtual round table discussion with live polling on items not yet excluded or accepted from previous rounds. Progression or exclusion of potential components through the rounds was based on the achievement of strong consensus. Strong consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement and weak consensus as 50%–74% agreement. Results: Seventy-seven collaborators participated in both rounds 1 and 2, while 50 collaborators took part in round 3. In total, experts voted on 83 items and achieved a strong consensus on 51 items, weak consensus on 3 and rejected 29. Conclusion: By means of a modified Delphi process, we have established expert consensus on documentation in regional anesthesia